2026年华东师大版一课一练五年级英语上册沪教版五四制第64页答案
Ⅲ. Read and write(同学们又在玩猜词游戏了。根据句子意思和括号内的提示写出正确单词)
1. a thing that someone has made for the first time →
invention
(n o i n v t e i n)
2. a machine that can do work by itself →
robot
(o b r o t)
3. a round object that turns around to make things move →
wheel
(e e w l h)
4. making many copies of books or pictures →
printing
(n i p t r g n i)

答案

1. invention 2. robot 3. wheel 4. printing

解析

【分析】
先理解每个句子的核心含义,再将括号内打乱的字母重新排列组合,使其匹配对应词义的英文单词。
【解析】
1. 句子意为“某人第一次制作的东西”,将括号内字母n、o、i、n、v、t、e、i、n重新排列,得到单词invention;
2. 句子意为“能自动工作的机器”,将括号内字母o、b、r、o、t重新排列,得到单词robot;
3. 句子意为“转动来让东西移动的圆形物体”,将括号内字母e、e、w、l、h重新排列,得到单词wheel;
4. 句子意为“制作很多书或图片副本”,将括号内字母n、i、p、t、r、g、n、i重新排列,得到单词printing。
【答案】
1. invention 2. robot 3. wheel 4. printing
【知识点】
单词拼写、词义理解、字母重组
【点评】
本题通过词义提示与字母重组的形式考察基础词汇的掌握,要求学生结合词义正确排列字母,难度适中,利于巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
Ⅳ. Read and complete(同学们在为介绍发明做准备。帮助他们用所给的单词补全句子,每词限用一次)
useful, inventor, robot, invention, solve, create
1. Thomas Edison was a great
inventor
who made many important
inventions
.
2. The wheel is a very
useful
invention that helps people move heavy things easily.
3. Scientists
create
new things to
solve
problems in our lives.
4. Do you know how to play chess with this
robot
?

答案

1. inventor, inventions 2. useful 3. create, solve 4. robot

解析

【分析】
首先明确给定单词的词义与词性:useful(形容词,有用的)、inventor(名词,发明家)、robot(名词,机器人)、invention(名词,发明,复数为inventions)、solve(动词,解决)、create(动词,创造)。解题时需结合句子语境,分析每个空缺处的词性、词义,同时注意名词单复数变化(如many后接可数名词复数),确保每词限用一次。
【解析】
1. 第一句主语Thomas Edison是人物,结合常识可知他是“发明家”,故第一空填inventor;第二空前有many(许多),需接可数名词复数,“发明”的复数形式为inventions,故填inventions。
2. 第二句修饰名词invention,需用形容词,给定形容词中useful符合语境,意为“有用的发明”,故填useful。
3. 第三句第一空主语是Scientists(科学家),谓语动词需用“创造”,故填create;第二空是不定式表目的,“解决问题”对应solve problems,故填solve。
4. 第四句句意是“和这个……下棋”,结合给定单词,robot(机器人)符合语境,故填robot。
【答案】
1. inventor, inventions 2. useful 3. create, solve 4. robot
【知识点】
词汇运用;词性辨析
【点评】
本题考查词汇在具体语境中的运用,需掌握单词词义、词性及名词单复数变化,难度适中,适合基础阶段学生巩固词汇知识。
【难度系数】
0.7
Ⅴ. Read and rewrite(科学周里的知识真不少。根据要求完成句子)
1. wheel/the/was/invented/ago/years/5,000/.(连词成句)
The wheel was invented 5000 years ago.

2. lights/make/much/traffic/safer/crossing/become/roads/.(连词成句)
Traffic lights make crossing roads become much safer.

3. We should learn about great inventions.(根据以下句型改写)
It’s important to
learn about great inventions
.
4. We must use robots to help people.(根据以下句型改写)
It’s important to
use robots to help people
.

答案

1. The wheel was invented 5000 years ago.
2. Traffic lights make crossing roads become much safer.
3. learn about great inventions
4. use robots to help people

解析

【分析】
1. 连词成句需先确定句子核心成分(主语、谓语等),再结合状语调整语序,注意被动语态结构和固定搭配。第1题核心主语是the wheel,被动结构为was invented,时间状语是5000 years ago,按“主语+谓语+时间状语”排列;第2题核心主语是traffic lights,谓语make,宾语crossing roads,宾补become much safer,按“主语+谓语+宾语+宾补”排列。
2. 句型改写需掌握“It’s important to do sth.”的固定结构,将原句中情态动词后的动词短语直接放在to后,保持句意不变。
【解析】
1. 先提取主语the wheel,被动结构was invented,时间状语5000 years ago,组合为:The wheel was invented 5000 years ago。
2. 提取主语traffic lights,谓语make,宾语crossing roads,宾补become much safer,组合为:Traffic lights make crossing roads become much safer。
3. 原句动词短语为learn about great inventions,直接填入It’s important to后,即learn about great inventions。
4. 原句动词短语为use robots to help people,直接填入It’s important to后,即use robots to help people。
【答案】
1. The wheel was invented 5000 years ago.
2. Traffic lights make crossing roads become much safer.
3. learn about great inventions
4. use robots to help people
【知识点】
连词成句;句型转换;固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语基础的连词成句和固定句型转换,题型常规,侧重核心句式与短语的掌握,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
Ⅵ. Read, choose and write(Xiaopu 和 Xiaojiang 在讨论伟大的发明。联系上下文,选择正确的句子补全对话,把字母代号填在横线上。有一项多余)
A. My favourite invention is television — it brings news and fun to our homes!
B. With this invention, books can be printed quickly instead of copying by hand.
C. I think robots are very useful because they can help with hard and dangerous jobs.
D. Because traffic lights make crossing roads much safer.
E. I think the wheel is really great.
F. Scientists must solve problems creatively, just like inventing the wheel.
: What do you think is the greatest invention in history, Xiaojiang?
: 1.
E
It has changed how people travel and move things!
: Yes! The wheel is amazing. Do you know about movable-type printing?
: Of course! 2.
B
Bi Sheng’s idea helped spread knowledge.
: Modern inventions are important too. Why do we need traffic lights?
: 3.
D
Before them, road accidents happened often.
: What quality do inventors need most?
: 4.
F
For example, Yuan Longping solved hunger problems with hybrid rice.
: Would you like to invent something in the future?
: Yes. 5.
C
Maybe I’d like to invent a robot to clean oceans!
: Good idea!

答案

1. E 2. B 3. D 4. F 5. C

解析

【分析】本题为补全对话题型,需结合对话上下文的逻辑关系匹配选项。第1空后提到“改变人们旅行和搬运东西的方式”,需选与移动相关的发明;第2空前提及活字印刷,需选对应印刷术作用的句子;第3空针对“为什么需要交通灯”提问,需选解释原因的句子;第4空问发明家的品质,需选与创造性解决问题相关的句子;第5空后提到想发明机器人,需选与机器人用途相关的句子。
【解析】1. 第1空后“changed how people travel and move things”对应E选项(轮子是旅行和搬运的关键发明),故选E;2. 第2空前“movable-type printing(活字印刷)”对应B选项(活字印刷可快速印书,替代手抄),故选B;3. 第3空问题“Why do we need traffic lights?”对应D选项(交通灯让过马路更安全),故选D;4. 第4空问题“What quality do inventors need most?”对应F选项(发明家需创造性解决问题),故选F;5. 第5空后“invent a robot”对应C选项(机器人可做困难危险的工作),故选C。
【答案】1.E 2.B 3.D 4.F 5.C
【知识点】补全对话、语境理解
【点评】本题围绕“伟大的发明”话题设置,考查学生对上下文逻辑的分析能力,需结合前后句内容匹配选项,是常见的英语交际类题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5