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四、语法填空。
Moss（苔藓）is a common type of small plant. It is one of 15.
Moss loves damp（潮湿的）and shady places. You can 18.
Moss has some special features. Instead of true roots, it has tiny thread-like parts called rhizoids（假根）. 20.
Moss, 22.
Moss（苔藓）is a common type of small plant. It is one of 15.
the oldest
(old) plants in the world. Unlike most plants we see, it has no flowers, no seeds and no true roots. It usually 16. grows
(grow) in green clumps（簇）or soft mats and looks like a green carpet on the ground. Many people like moss 17. because
it always stays green and feels soft to touch.Moss loves damp（潮湿的）and shady places. You can 18.
easily
(easy) find it on wet rocks, the surface of moist soil, old tree trunks, or even the walls of houses that don't get much sunlight. These cool and wet environments are perfect for 19. its
(it) growth.Moss has some special features. Instead of true roots, it has tiny thread-like parts called rhizoids（假根）. 20.
The
rhizoids help it stick to surfaces and take in water. Its 21. leaves
(leaf) are very simple, often only one cell thick.Moss, 22.
which
helps keep soil moist and holds soil particles together, plays an important role in nature. Besides, it provides a warm and safe home 23. for
small creatures like insects and tiny worms. There are about 12,000 kinds of moss around the world and each of them works silently 24. to protect
(protect) our environment. They're truly great helpers in nature.答案
15.the oldest 16.grows 17.because 18.easily 19.its 20.The 21.leaves 22.which 23.for 24.to protect
解析
【分析】先通读短文理解大意，再结合每个空的语法规则、固定搭配及语境逐一分析：15题考查形容词最高级的固定结构；16题考查主谓一致（第三人称单数一般现在时）；17题考查因果连词；18题考查副词修饰动词；19题考查形容词性物主代词；20题考查定冠词特指；21题考查名词复数；22题考查非限制性定语从句关系代词；23题考查固定搭配；24题考查不定式表目的。
【解析】15. 固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表“最……之一”，故填the oldest；
16. 主语it为第三人称单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填grows；
17. 前后句为前果后因的关系，用连词because引导原因状语从句，故填because；
18. 此处修饰动词find，需用副词，easy的副词形式是easily，故填easily；
19. 此处修饰名词growth，需用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词是its，故填its；
20. 此处特指前文提到的“rhizoids（假根）”，需用定冠词The，故填The；
21. 根据be动词are可知主语为复数，leaf的复数形式是leaves，故填leaves；
22. 此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是Moss（指物），从句缺主语，用关系代词which，故填which；
23. 固定搭配“provide sth for sb/sth”表“为……提供某物”，故填for；
24. 此处用不定式表目的，work to do sth表“致力于做某事”，故填to protect；
【答案】15.the oldest 16.grows 17.because 18.easily 19.its 20.The 21.leaves 22.which 23.for 24.to protect
【知识点】形容词最高级、定语从句、固定搭配
【点评】本题为语法填空综合题，涵盖核心语法点与固定搭配，需结合语境分析每个空的用法，考查学生基础语法运用能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
【解析】15. 固定结构“one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数”表“最……之一”，故填the oldest；
16. 主语it为第三人称单数，描述客观事实用一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填grows；
17. 前后句为前果后因的关系，用连词because引导原因状语从句，故填because；
18. 此处修饰动词find，需用副词，easy的副词形式是easily，故填easily；
19. 此处修饰名词growth，需用形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词是its，故填its；
20. 此处特指前文提到的“rhizoids（假根）”，需用定冠词The，故填The；
21. 根据be动词are可知主语为复数，leaf的复数形式是leaves，故填leaves；
22. 此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是Moss（指物），从句缺主语，用关系代词which，故填which；
23. 固定搭配“provide sth for sb/sth”表“为……提供某物”，故填for；
24. 此处用不定式表目的，work to do sth表“致力于做某事”，故填to protect；
【答案】15.the oldest 16.grows 17.because 18.easily 19.its 20.The 21.leaves 22.which 23.for 24.to protect
【知识点】形容词最高级、定语从句、固定搭配
【点评】本题为语法填空综合题，涵盖核心语法点与固定搭配，需结合语境分析每个空的用法，考查学生基础语法运用能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
