训练5 体裁: 说明文 主题: 科普知识 难度: ★★★★★ 建议用时: 9 min 正确率: /4
Travel can make us feel better. New places bring excitement and it turns out that there is a science behind—“dopamine(多巴胺) and serotonin(血清素)”. Travel experts believe that dopamine and serotonin levels go up when we travel.
Dopamine is one of the key chemicals. It can make us feel happy. When we join in activities that we enjoy, our brains will release(释放) it and it'll give us a sense of joy and satisfaction. Serotonin is another key chemical. It is important to our mood, sleep, and diet. Our serotonin levels will fall when we get less daylight in winter. In short, the more dopamine and serotonin we have, the happier we will feel.
Here's how it actually makes us happier:
Vitamin D can be boosted(增强)
As we know, vitamin D is naturally made by the skin when we're in the sun. When vitamin D boosts from sunlight, it will help the production of serotonin, improve our sleep quality, and even cut down our stress(压力).
Negative ions are ▲ things
Negative ions are most found in fresh air, especially near bodies of water like oceans and waterfalls, and in forests. They have been shown to grow serotonin levels and energy levels, boost immune systems, and lower stress levels. If we spent time on the beach, listening to the sound of crashing waves and feeling our stress wash away, that might be thanks to the negative ions.
Traveling makes you social
Social interaction(社交) also helps the release of both dopamine and serotonin. If we try a group trip, the new experiences and activities will also boost our dopamine and serotonin levels.
Close to wildlife
The beauty of nature can have a calming effect on the mind and body, and spending time in nature has been shown to lower stress levels and promote relaxation. Watching the wonders of nature and seeing animals in their natural habitat can boost dopamine and serotonin levels. And physical activities like walking and hiking also have a mood-boosting effect.
1. What's the purpose(目的) of Paragraph 2?
A. To tell the importance of the topic.
B. To ask some questions about the topic.
C. To give some knowledge about the topic.
D. To show the result of discussing the topic.
2. 新趋势·补全文章 Which of the following words can be put in “ ▲ ”?
＞＞ 补全文章题解题策略见 P89 重点精讲
A. active
B. good
C. normal
D. traditional
3. According to the passage, which of the following sentences is NOT true?
A. A campfire party often makes you feel down.
B. Walking on the beach is a good way to lower stress.
C. The more sunlight you get, the better sleep you may have.
D. Going birdwatching in forests can make you feel relaxed.
4. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. The problems we may have during our trip.
B. The science behind how travel makes us happier.
C. The advice on how to have a happier travel experience.
D. The steps to release dopamine and serotonin in our body.

1. C 推理判断题。根据第二段“Dopamine is one of the key chemicals ... Serotonin is another key chemical ...”可知本段主要介绍了多巴胺和血清素的作用，即关于多巴胺和血清素的知识。故选C。
2. B 补全文章题。根据下文“They have been shown to grow serotonin levels and energy levels, boost immune systems, and lower stress levels.”可知负离子能提高血清素、能量水平，增强免疫系统，减轻压力，因此它是好东西。故选B。
3. A 推理判断题。根据文中“Social interaction also helps the release of both dopamine and serotonin.”可知社交能释放多巴胺和血清素，篝火聚会属于社交活动，会让你感到高兴而不是低落。故选A。
4. B 文章主旨题。结合文章内容，尤其是第一段“Travel can make us feel better. New places bring excitement and it turns out that there is a science behind—'dopamine and serotonin'.”可知本文主要介绍了旅游让人们感到快乐是因为身体产生了多巴胺和血清素。所以选项B符合文章内容。故选B。

【分析】
1. 第1题需分析第二段内容，明确其介绍多巴胺和血清素作用的核心，以此判断段落目的；
2. 第2题需结合下文对负离子益处的描述，推断空格处的形容词；
3. 第3题需逐一核对选项与原文细节，找出与原文不符的错误表述；
4. 第4题需梳理文章结构，结合首尾段核心内容归纳主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第二段主要介绍多巴胺和血清素的作用，属于与主题相关的科普知识，对应选项C，故选C；
2. 第2题：下文提到负离子能提升血清素、能量水平，增强免疫系统，降低压力，说明负离子是有益的，对应选项B，故选B；
3. 第3题：原文指出社交互动有助于释放多巴胺和血清素，篝火聚会属于社交活动，会让人开心而非低落，选项A与原文不符，故选A；
4. 第4题：文章首段点明旅游快乐背后有多巴胺和血清素的科学，后续分点阐述旅游提升这两种物质的方式，主旨是旅游让人快乐的科学原理，对应选项B，故选B；
【答案】
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、推理判断、主旨大意
【点评】
本文是科普类说明文，围绕旅游提升多巴胺和血清素使人快乐展开，考查学生对段落功能、词义、细节及主旨的理解，需结合原文细节逐一分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6