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三、能力拓展训练
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词。
How do you say hello to someone you know? Do you smile? Do you touch the other person? Actually, people from different
In China, many people shake their hands when they meet. Sometimes they just smile
When you greet a grandmother or grandfather or another
But what
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Ⅲ.语法填空
阅读下面材料，按照句子结构的语法情况和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填入适当的词或用括号中所给词的正确形式填空，每空不超过两词。
How do you say hello to someone you know? Do you smile? Do you touch the other person? Actually, people from different
cultures
1 (culture) greet each other differently
2 (different). There are various ways of greetings in this globe. Here are some interesting ways, which may be useful
3 (use) for you.In China, many people shake their hands when they meet. Sometimes they just smile
and
4 say “ni hao”, something like “hello” or “hi”. While in Japan, people often bow their heads to show
5 (show) respect. In India, Nepal and Bangladesh, people bring their hands together in
6 front of their heart and say “Namaste”.When you greet a grandmother or grandfather or another
older
7 (old) person in Türkiye, you kiss their right hand and then place it on your forehead. They do this in the Philippines, too. The Maori people in New Zealand rub noses together. This is called
8 (call) “hongi”. In the US and other countries
9 (country), some people like using a “fist bump(拳头碰击)” to greet another person. Both people make a fist, push their arm forward slowly
10 (slow) and touch each other's fists.But what
if
11 you don't know how to greet others in a strange country? Just smile! Smile is the most powerful language in the world. It is also a universal language, which is widely used throughout the world.1.
cultures
2.
differently
3.
useful
4.
and
5.
to show
6.
in
7.
older
8.
called
9.
countries
10.
slowly
11.
if
答案
Ⅲ.1.cultures 2.differently 3.useful 4.and 5.to show
6.in 7.older 8.called 9.countries 10.slowly
11.if
6.in 7.older 8.called 9.countries 10.slowly
11.if
解析
【分析】本题为语法填空，需结合句子结构、词性变化及上下文语境解题。具体思路：1. 空格前为形容词different，后接可数名词，需将名词变为复数；2. 修饰动词需用副词，需转换词性；3. be动词后需形容词作表语，需转换词性；4. 连接并列动作用并列连词；5. 表目的用不定式；6. 考查固定搭配；7. 修饰名词表比较含义用比较级；8. 被动语态需用过去分词；9. other后接可数名词复数；10. 修饰动词需用副词；11. 考查固定句式。
【解析】1. 由形容词different可知，后接可数名词复数，culture的复数为cultures，故填cultures；2. 此处修饰动词greet，需用副词，different的副词形式为differently，故填differently；3. be动词后需形容词作表语，use的形容词形式为useful，故填useful；4. 空格前后是两个并列动作smile和say，需用并列连词and连接，故填and；5. 此处表“鞠躬是为了表达尊重”，用不定式表目的，故填to show；6. 固定搭配in front of意为“在……前面”，符合语境，故填in；7. 此处修饰名词person，表“更年长的”，用old的比较级older，故填older；8. 此处为被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，call的过去分词为called，故填called；9. other后接可数名词复数，country的复数为countries，故填countries；10. 此处修饰动词push，需用副词，slow的副词形式为slowly，故填slowly；11. 固定句式what if意为“如果……怎么办”，符合语境，故填if。
【答案】1.cultures 2.differently 3.useful 4.and 5.to show 6.in 7.older 8.called 9.countries 10.slowly 11.if
【知识点】名词复数变化、副词用法、被动语态
【点评】本题围绕不同国家的问候方式展开，考查基础语法知识，涵盖词形转换、固定搭配、句式结构等，难度适中，需结合语境和语法规则逐一分析。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 由形容词different可知，后接可数名词复数，culture的复数为cultures，故填cultures；2. 此处修饰动词greet，需用副词，different的副词形式为differently，故填differently；3. be动词后需形容词作表语，use的形容词形式为useful，故填useful；4. 空格前后是两个并列动作smile和say，需用并列连词and连接，故填and；5. 此处表“鞠躬是为了表达尊重”，用不定式表目的，故填to show；6. 固定搭配in front of意为“在……前面”，符合语境，故填in；7. 此处修饰名词person，表“更年长的”，用old的比较级older，故填older；8. 此处为被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，call的过去分词为called，故填called；9. other后接可数名词复数，country的复数为countries，故填countries；10. 此处修饰动词push，需用副词，slow的副词形式为slowly，故填slowly；11. 固定句式what if意为“如果……怎么办”，符合语境，故填if。
【答案】1.cultures 2.differently 3.useful 4.and 5.to show 6.in 7.older 8.called 9.countries 10.slowly 11.if
【知识点】名词复数变化、副词用法、被动语态
【点评】本题围绕不同国家的问候方式展开，考查基础语法知识，涵盖词形转换、固定搭配、句式结构等，难度适中，需结合语境和语法规则逐一分析。
【难度系数】0.6
