五、写作（共三节，满分30分）
第一节 用方框中的词语完成短文（每小题1分，共5分）
satisfied, proved, hardly, application, as a whole
An old bridge had been shaking violently in the wind for years and simple repairs could no longer solve the problem. A young engineer named Lisa decided to study it. She knew she had to examine the bridge 56. —not only its building materials, but also various forces acting on it. She spent three months making small models and testing them in a wind tunnel. At first, her boss was not 57. with her slow progress, but she didn’t give up. She thought that adding light but strong steel triangles could stop the bridge from shaking. These triangles helped channel the wind force and strengthened the structure. She added this design to her model bridges and tested them in strong wind conditions. To everyone’s relief, the model bridges stayed firm.
In this way, she 58. that her idea could really work. Without her great idea, the old bridge could 59. survive the next big storm. Her method was a perfect 60. of physical principles to practical engineering projects. From then on, many people started to use this way to save old bridges.

56. as a whole 57. satisfied 58. proved 59. hardly 60. application

【分析】
本题为英语选词填空题，解题思路为：1. 先明确方框内各单词/短语的词义：satisfied（满意的）、proved（证明）、hardly（几乎不）、application（应用）、as a whole（整体地）；2. 逐空通读短文，结合上下文语境、固定搭配分析每空所需词汇；3. 匹配对应词汇完成填空。
【解析】
56. 后文提到“not only its building materials, but also various forces acting on it”，说明需整体检查桥梁，as a whole是固定短语，意为“整体地”，符合语境，故填as a whole。
57. 固定搭配be satisfied with意为“对……满意”，此处指老板对她的慢进度不满意，故填satisfied。
58. 句意表达“她证明自己的想法可行”，proved（prove的过去式）意为“证明”，符合语境，故填proved。
59. 句意表达“没有她的想法，旧桥几乎无法在大风暴中幸存”，hardly意为“几乎不”，符合语境，故填hardly。
60. 句意表达“物理原理在工程项目中的应用”，application意为“应用”，符合语境，故填application。
【答案】
56. as a whole 57. satisfied 58. proved 59. hardly 60. application
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定搭配、词义辨析
【点评】
本题为基础英语选词填空题，主要考查常用词汇的词义理解及固定搭配的运用，需结合上下文语境分析，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

第二节 阅读短文，回答问题（每小题2分，共10分）
Every year, over 60 million kilograms of plastic waste end up in our oceans, killing sea animals and destroying marine ecosystems. For many years, people thought cleaning up the ocean was impossible—until a 16-year-old boy from the Netherlands decided to prove them wrong.
In 2011, during a diving trip in Greece, Boyan Slat saw more plastic bags than fish in the water. He couldn’t believe his eyes. When he returned home, he started researching the problem and discovered that traditional clean-up methods would take thousands of years and cost billions of dollars.
After a year of experimenting, Boyan came up with a brilliant idea. Instead of using ships to chase plastic, he designed a floating device that uses the ocean’s own currents(水流) to bring plastic to a collection system. In 2013, he founded The Ocean Clean-up. Through crowdfunding(众筹), he raised money to test his idea.
The results have been astonishing. By June 2025, The Ocean Clean-up had removed 30 million kilograms of plastic from oceans and rivers around the world. In 2024 alone, they collected over 11.5 million kilograms.
Boyan’s experience proved that nothing is impossible as long as you keep questioning, thinking and taking action.
61. What was considered to be impossible for many years?

62. What did Boyan see during his diving trip in Greece?

63. How was Boyan’s solution different from traditional clean-up methods?

64. What do you think of Boyan? Why?

65. If you see the ocean full of plastic waste, what will you do?

61. Cleaning up the ocean was considered to be impossible for decades. 62. He saw more plastic bags than fish in the water. 63. Instead of using ships to chase plastic, he designed a floating device that uses the ocean’s own currents to bring plastic to a collection system. 64. Boyan was observant. He noticed the plastic pollution problem and refused to ignore it. He was creative. Instead of accepting traditional methods, he thought of a new way using ocean currents. He was also determined because he founded an organization, raised money, and kept testing and improving his design until it worked. 65. I will raise people’s awareness of protecting the ocean by sharing knowledge online and organizing clean-up activities in our community.

【分析】做这类英语阅读简答题，需先通读全文把握主旨，再针对每个问题定位原文对应内容：客观信息题（61-63）直接提取原文关键语句作答，确保信息准确；主观开放题（64-65）需结合原文人物经历或生活实际，用通顺的英语合理表达观点。
【解析】61题：定位到原文第一段第二句，提取对应关键信息作答；62题：定位到原文第二段第一句，直接提取Boyan在希腊潜水的所见内容；63题：定位到原文第三段第二句，对比传统方法，提取Boyan的创新解决方案；64题：结合原文中Boyan发现问题、创新方案、坚持行动的经历，评价其品质；65题：结合环保实际，提出合理的个人行动。
【答案】61. Cleaning up the ocean was considered to be impossible for decades. 62. He saw more plastic bags than fish in the water. 63. Instead of using ships to chase plastic, he designed a floating device that uses the ocean’s own currents to bring plastic to a collection system. 64. Boyan was observant. He noticed the plastic pollution problem and refused to ignore it. He was creative. Instead of accepting traditional methods, he thought of a new way using ocean currents. He was also determined because he founded an organization, raised money, and kept testing and improving his design until it worked. 65. I will raise people’s awareness of protecting the ocean by sharing knowledge online and organizing clean-up activities in our community.
【知识点】英语阅读理解、文本信息提取、观点表达
【点评】本题为英语阅读常规题型，包含客观信息查找与主观观点表达，既考查学生定位文本信息的能力，也考查语言组织能力，贴近环保主题，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6