一、用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空
bin protect smelly reuse loss
1. Please throw the waste paper into the instead of leaving it on the floor.
2. Wearing masks is a simple way to get some from air pollution.
3. The old fridge in the corner of the kitchen became after the power went out for two days.
4. The heavy rain caused a great to the farmers' crops this summer.
5. The school encourages students to their notebooks for the next grade if they are still clean.

1. bin 2. protection 3. smelly 4. loss 5. reuse

【分析】
本题需结合句子语境，分析每个空缺处所需的词性，再从方框所给词语中选择合适的词，判断是否需要变形后填空。
1. 第1题：根据“throw waste paper”（扔废纸）可知，需填表示“垃圾桶”的名词，对应方框的bin，无需变形。
2. 第2题：根据“get...from air pollution”（从空气污染中获得……），get后需接名词，方框中protect的名词形式为protection。
3. 第3题：became是系动词，后需接形容词作表语，方框中smelly（有臭味的）符合语境，无需变形。
4. 第4题：“a great”后需接名词，方框中loss（损失）符合“大雨对庄稼造成损失”的语境，无需变形。
5. 第5题：encourage sb to do sth是固定搭配，需用动词原形，方框中reuse（重复使用）符合语境，无需变形。
【解析】
1. 句意：请把废纸扔进垃圾桶，而不是留在地上。bin是名词，意为“垃圾桶”，符合句意，直接填空。
2. 句意：戴口罩是从空气污染中获得保护的简单方法。protect的名词形式为protection，作get的宾语，符合语法。
3. 句意：厨房角落的旧冰箱断电两天后变得有臭味了。smelly是形容词，作became的表语，符合语境。
4. 句意：今年夏天的大雨给农民的庄稼造成了巨大损失。loss是名词，意为“损失”，符合“a great + 名词”的结构。
5. 句意：学校鼓励学生如果笔记本还干净，就留给下一年级重复使用。reuse是动词原形，符合encourage sb to do sth的搭配。
【答案】
1. bin 2. protection 3. smelly 4. loss 5. reuse
【知识点】
名词的用法、动词的适当形式、形容词的用法
【点评】
本题考查词汇在具体语境中的词性运用，属于基础题型，学生只需结合句意判断空缺处所需词性，再选择方框内合适的词即可完成，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Most of the waste in our classroom (recycle) every week by the environmental club.
2. Factories near the river (pollute) the water seriously before the government took action.
3. The leftover food in the lunch box turned (smell) after being left out all night.
4. There are different coloured (bin) in the hallway for recycling paper, plastic and glass.
5. Wearing masks and washing hands are simple ways of (protect) against the flu.

1. is recycled 2. had polluted 3. smelly 4. bins 5. protection

【分析】
本题为英语单词适当形式填空题，需结合句子的时态、语态、词性变化及固定搭配解题：第1题需判断被动语态和一般现在时；第2题需判断过去完成时（过去的过去）；第3题需掌握系动词后接形容词的用法；第4题需注意different后接名词复数；第5题需明确介词后接名词的要求。
【解析】
1. 主语Most of the waste是不可数名词，与动词recycle构成被动关系（垃圾被回收），时间状语every week表一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“is + 过去分词”，recycle的过去分词是recycled，因此填is recycled。
2. 时间状语从句“before the government took action”为一般过去时，主句动作“污染水”发生在从句动作之前（即过去的过去），需用过去完成时，结构为“had + 过去分词”，pollute的过去分词是polluted，因此填had polluted。
3. 句中turn为系动词，意为“变得”，其后需接形容词作表语，smell的形容词形式为smelly，因此填smelly。
4. different意为“不同的”，后接可数名词复数，bin的复数形式为bins，因此填bins。
5. of为介词，介词后需接名词，protect的名词形式为protection，因此填protection。
【答案】
1. is recycled 2. had polluted 3. smelly 4. bins 5. protection
【知识点】
被动语态；过去完成时；词性转换
【点评】
本题考查初中英语核心基础语法点，涵盖时态、语态、词性变化等，题型常规，侧重基础应用，是英语学习中的常考题型，需学生熟练掌握相关规则。
【难度系数】
0.5

三、汉译英
1. 这片海滩再也不是休闲游玩的好去处了，因为遍地都是垃圾。


2. 鸟类与海洋动物有时会被塑料袋困住，更严重的是，它们还会将塑料袋当作食物误食。


3. 然而，大部分垃圾都是前来游玩消遣的人们随意丢弃的。


4. 我们需要立刻采取行动，防止问题进一步恶化。

1. The beach is no longer a nice place to spend time at because it is covered in waste.
2. Birds and sea animals sometimes get trapped by plastic bags, or even worse, eat them as food.
3. However, most of the litter is left by people who go there to enjoy themselves.
4. We need to take action before the problem gets worse.

【分析】
汉译英时，需先明确每句核心语义，匹配对应的英语固定表达、句式及语法结构。比如“再也不是”对应固定短语no longer，“遍地都是”用be covered in；被动含义（被塑料袋困住）用被动结构get trapped by；修饰人的定语部分用who引导的定语从句；“更严重的是”用常用插入语or even worse，“采取行动”是固定搭配take action，“防止恶化”用before引导的时间状语从句体现逻辑。
【解析】
1. 核心语义：这片海滩不再是休闲好去处，因为满是垃圾。对应翻译：The beach is no longer a nice place to spend time at because it is covered in waste.（“再也不是”用no longer，“休闲游玩的好去处”用不定式作后置定语，“遍地都是”用be covered in）；
2. 核心语义：鸟类和海洋动物有时被塑料袋困住，更严重的是误食塑料袋。对应翻译：Birds and sea animals sometimes get trapped by plastic bags, or even worse, eat them as food.（被动结构get trapped by表“被……困住”，“更严重的是”用or even worse，“当作食物”用as food）；
3. 核心语义：大部分垃圾是来游玩的人随意丢弃的。对应翻译：However, most of the litter is left by people who go there to enjoy themselves.（“随意丢弃”用被动be left by，用who引导定语从句修饰people）；
4. 核心语义：我们需立刻采取行动，防止问题恶化。对应翻译：We need to take action before the problem gets worse.（“采取行动”是take action，“防止恶化”用before引导从句体现逻辑）。
【答案】
1. The beach is no longer a nice place to spend time at because it is covered in waste.
2. Birds and sea animals sometimes get trapped by plastic bags, or even worse, eat them as food.
3. However, most of the litter is left by people who go there to enjoy themselves.
4. We need to take action before the problem gets worse.
【知识点】
汉译英常用表达、被动语态、定语从句
【点评】
本题考查基础汉译英的常用短语、句式及语法，需掌握固定搭配和从句的正确运用，是英语学习中常见的翻译题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

四、阅读短文并完成任务
任务一:语法填空。
We are deeply worried about the poor condition of our city's beach. The beach is no longer a nice place to spend time at 1 it is covered in waste. Broken glass stops us from walking on the soft sand. Birds 2 sea animals sometimes get trapped by plastic bags, or even worse, eat them as food. Part of the rubbish 3 (wash) up onto the beach by the sea. However, most of the litter is left by people who go there to enjoy 4 (they).
We need to take action before the problem 5 (get) worse. Teams from our school pick up rubbish on the beach every Saturday, but that is not enough. We hope that the city government will encourage more people 6 (join) our teams. Also, we need to set up more rubbish 7 (bin) and make sure that people cooperate by throwing their litter 8 the bins before they leave. People should also try to bring their own bottles and bags so that there is less rubbish. I believe that we can solve this problem if we work together.
任务二:回答问题。
9. Where does the most of the litter come from?

10. What do the teams from the school do to help solve the problem?

1. because 2. and 3. is washed 4. themselves 5. gets 6. to join 7. bins 8. in
9. Most of the litter is left by people who go there to enjoy themselves.
10. Teams from the school pick up rubbish on the beach every Saturday.

【分析】
本题分为语法填空和阅读理解两部分。语法填空需结合句子逻辑关系、语法规则（连词、时态语态、固定搭配、名词单复数等）逐一分析空格；阅读理解需根据问题定位原文对应内容，提取关键信息作答。具体思考：1. 第1空判断前后句因果逻辑，选连词；2. 第2空连接并列名词，用并列连词；3. 第3空判断主语与动词的被动关系；4. 第4空考查固定搭配；5. 第5空遵循时间状语从句的时态规则；6. 第6空考查固定搭配；7. 第7空注意名词单复数；8. 第8空考查介词搭配；阅读题需精准定位问题对应的原文句子，直接提取答案。
【解析】
语法填空解析：
1. 前后句为因果关系，前果后因，故填because；
2. birds和sea animals是并列名词，用并列连词and连接；
3. 主语part of the rubbish与动词wash是被动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时，故填is washed；
4. 固定搭配enjoy oneself表示“玩得开心”，主语为people，对应反身代词themselves；
5. before引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，从句主语the problem是单数，故动词用gets；
6. 固定搭配encourage sb to do sth表示“鼓励某人做某事”，故填to join；
7. more修饰可数名词复数，bin的复数形式为bins；
8. 固定搭配throw sth in sth表示“把某物扔进某物里”，故填in；
阅读理解解析：
9. 问题问大部分垃圾的来源，定位原文“most of the litter is left by people who go there to enjoy themselves”，直接提取该句作答；
10. 问题问学校的队伍做什么，定位原文“Teams from our school pick up rubbish on the beach every Saturday”，直接提取该句作答。
【答案】
1. because 2. and 3. is washed 4. themselves 5. gets 6. to join 7. bins 8. in
9. Most of the litter is left by people who go there to enjoy themselves.
10. Teams from the school pick up rubbish on the beach every Saturday.
【知识点】
连词的用法、被动语态、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查基础英语语法与信息提取能力，语法填空涉及常见考点，阅读理解需从原文定位关键内容，整体难度适中，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.6