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四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The environment is getting worse. People in large cities feel that the sky is no longer as blue as it used to be. A blanket of smog
Air pollution now is
The government
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
The environment is getting worse. People in large cities feel that the sky is no longer as blue as it used to be. A blanket of smog
covers
1 (cover) these industrial cities. Smoke from factories and waste gases from cars fill the air and there is less
2 (little) fresh air for people to breathe.Air pollution now is
harmful
3 (harm) to everyone in the world. Coal is used
4 (use) for heating, cooking and in other fields. Smoke from burning coal is one of the reasons
5 (reason) for air pollution. Now there is another main cause of air pollution in large cities. The serious problem is that too many cars are running
6 (run) in the streets now. It often causes traffic jams. At the same time, the waste gases given out by cars badly
7 (bad) pollute the air.The government
has taken
8 (take) many steps to protect the environment so far. However, not only the government but also we ourselves should work more actively
9 (active) to fight against pollution. Besides, we should also pay attention to
10 our actions. Little things like reusing, walking or biking instead of driving cars would help to protect the environment. We hope that some day the blanket of smog over large cities will disappear. And we can see the blue sky again.答案
1. covers 2. less 3. harmful 4. is used
5. reasons 6. are running 7. badly 8. has taken
9. actively 10. to
5. reasons 6. are running 7. badly 8. has taken
9. actively 10. to
解析
【分析】本题为英语语法填空题，需结合句子语境、语法规则（时态、语态、词性变化、固定搭配等）逐一分析每个空白处。具体思路：1. 判断第1空的主语单复数及时态，确定动词形式；2. 第2空结合语境使用比较级；3. 第3空考查固定搭配；4. 第4空考查被动语态；5. 第5空考查名词复数规则；6. 第6空结合时间状语判断时态；7. 第7空考查副词修饰动词；8. 第8空结合时间状语判断时态；9. 第9空考查副词修饰动词；10. 第10空考查固定搭配。
【解析】1. 主语a blanket of smog为单数，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填covers；2. 结合语境，空气污染使新鲜空气更少，用little的比较级less；3. 固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”，故填harmful；4. 主语coal是动作use的承受者，表被动，用一般现在时的被动语态is used；5. one of后接可数名词复数，表“……之一”，故填reasons；6. 时间状语now提示用现在进行时，主语too many cars为复数，故填are running；7. 修饰动词pollute需用副词，故填badly；8. 时间状语so far提示用现在完成时，主语the government为单数，故填has taken；9. 修饰动词work需用副词，故填actively；10. 固定搭配pay attention to意为“注意”，故填to。
【答案】covers, less, harmful, is used, reasons, are running, badly, has taken, actively, to
【知识点】动词时态语态、形容词副词用法、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语语法填空的核心知识点，涵盖时态、语态、词性变化及固定搭配，需学生具备扎实的语法基础，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 主语a blanket of smog为单数，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，故填covers；2. 结合语境，空气污染使新鲜空气更少，用little的比较级less；3. 固定搭配be harmful to意为“对……有害”，故填harmful；4. 主语coal是动作use的承受者，表被动，用一般现在时的被动语态is used；5. one of后接可数名词复数，表“……之一”，故填reasons；6. 时间状语now提示用现在进行时，主语too many cars为复数，故填are running；7. 修饰动词pollute需用副词，故填badly；8. 时间状语so far提示用现在完成时，主语the government为单数，故填has taken；9. 修饰动词work需用副词，故填actively；10. 固定搭配pay attention to意为“注意”，故填to。
【答案】covers, less, harmful, is used, reasons, are running, badly, has taken, actively, to
【知识点】动词时态语态、形容词副词用法、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语语法填空的核心知识点，涵盖时态、语态、词性变化及固定搭配，需学生具备扎实的语法基础，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6
