一、完形填空 先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My family and I spent last weekend planting trees on a hill near our town. It was a community activity, but I had to my video game time to join. I wasn't happy about that at all.
When we got there, the hill looked — brown, dry, and empty. My dad handed me a small tree and a shovel. "Just dig a hole, put it in, and cover the roots with soil," he said. It sounded simple, but the ground was . After ten minutes, I was already sweating.
Then I met an old man who was planting his twentieth tree of the day. "Why do you do so much?" I asked, feeling a little . He smiled and pointed to a group of trees further away. "I planted those ten years ago. Now look at them — birds live there, children play under them. It feels like a future."
His words me. I looked at my little tree again. It wasn't just a task now; it was something that could grow and become part of the world.
In the afternoon, it started to rain lightly. Instead of , everyone kept working. Rain made the soil softer and gave our young trees their first drink. I suddenly felt like I was doing something truly .
By the end of the day, the hill was dotted with hundreds of new trees. They looked small and weak, but I knew one day they would be strong. On the way home, I was tired but . I even forgot about my video game.
Now I understand — taking care of the earth isn't just a duty; it's a way of loving the world. Every tree is a promise to the future. I've decided not only to plant more, but to this feeling to everyone I meet.
() 1. A. save B. lose C. share D. forget
() 2. A. green B. weak C. lively D. lifeless
() 3. A. soft B. wet C. hard D. sandy
() 4. A. bored B. curious C. interesting D. excited
() 5. A. planting B. imagining C. drawing D. searching
() 6. A. hurt B. touched C. surprised D. warned
() 7. A. stopping B. complaining C. resting D. waiting
() 8. A. important B. tiring C. normal D. interesting
() 9. A. proud B. calm C. interested D. hungry
() 10. A. invite B. spread C. teach D. promise

1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.B

【分析】
做完形填空首先要先通读全文，理清文章主旨：本文讲述了作者原本不情愿牺牲游戏时间参加社区植树活动，之后被一位种树的老人的话语触动，最终理解了植树、爱护地球的意义的故事。解题时不要孤立看单个句子，要结合前后文的线索、上下文的逻辑转折和语境提示，逐一匹配最贴合文意的选项，排除不符合逻辑的干扰项，最后再把答案代入全文通读验证通顺度。
【解析】
1. 第1空：根据后文“I wasn't happy about that at all”可知作者参加植树活动要占用原本玩电子游戏的时间，相当于失去了玩游戏的时间，A.save节省、C.share分享、D.forget忘记都不符合语境，选B.lose。
2. 第2空：后文给出描述“brown, dry, and empty”，说明这座山看起来毫无生机，A.green绿色的、B.weak虚弱的、C.lively生机勃勃的都和描述矛盾，选D.lifeless毫无生机的。
3. 第3空：前文说挖洞听起来很简单，用转折词but衔接，后文说十分钟作者就出汗了，说明土地很硬很难挖，A.soft软的、B.wet湿的、D.sandy沙质的都不符合“挖得费劲出汗”的逻辑，选C.hard坚硬的。
4. 第4空：作者看到老人一天已经种了20棵树，主动询问老人“为什么做这么多”，说明作者此时是感到好奇的，A.bored无聊的、C.interesting修饰事物表有趣的、D.excited兴奋的都不符合语境，选B.curious好奇的。
5. 第5空：老人说自己十年前种的树现在已经成了鸟兽孩童的乐园，感觉就像为未来种下希望，对应全文种树的核心动作，B.imagining想象、C.drawing绘画、D.searching寻找都不符合，选A.planting种植。
6. 第6空：后文作者的想法发生转变，不再把种树当任务，说明老人的话触动了他，A.hurt伤害、C.surprised使惊讶、D.warned警告都不符合语境，选B.touched触动。
7. 第7空：后文说所有人都继续干活，说明下雨的时候大家没有停下，instead of表示“而不是”，B.complaining抱怨、C.resting休息、D.waiting等待都不符合“继续干活”的反向对应逻辑，选A.stopping停下。
8. 第8空：作者此时已经转变了对植树的看法，意识到自己正在做真正有价值、重要的事，B.tiring累人的、C.normal普通的、D.interesting有趣的都不符合此时作者的感悟，选A.important重要的。
9. 第9空：一天的植树结束后，作者虽然很累，但是看着满山坡的新树苗，内心是自豪的，B.calm冷静的、C.interested感兴趣的、D.hungry饥饿的都不符合语境，选A.proud自豪的。
10. 第10空：作者决定不仅要种更多树，还要把这种爱护地球的感受传递给身边遇到的每一个人，spread sth. to sb.是固定搭配表示“把…传递/传播给某人”，A.invite邀请、C.teach教授、D.promise承诺都不符合搭配和语境，选B.spread传播。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.A 9.A 10.B
【知识点】
语境逻辑推断，动词词义辨析，形容词词义辨析
【点评】
这是一篇主题积极贴近学生生活的记叙文类完形填空，考点集中在初中阶段核心词汇的词义辨析，绝大多数空都能通过前后文给出的明确线索直接推导得出，难度适中，在考察词汇掌握能力的同时，也向学生传递了爱护环境、为未来付出的正向价值观。
【难度系数】
0.7

A
In the 1500s, South American fishermen said that the sea became warmer every few years. They gave this special event a Spanish name "El Nino", meaning "the baby". It is called "the baby" because it arrives around Christmas.
El Nino is a huge area of warm water in the middle of cold water in the Pacific Ocean (太平洋). It happens every two to seven years. It moves around the ocean and becomes bigger or smaller at different times. This warm water affects the weather. It is always raining over El Nino. El Nino has a lot of energy. Scientists think this energy is formed when wind comes from the northern half of the world. The winds blow across warm sea water in the south. When the strong wind hits the warm water, violent (猛烈的) weather happens. Scientists think El Nino has had for many thousands of years.
El Nino affects every person in the world because it affects the whole world's weather. It can bring the rain that farmers need. It can bring storms that pull down homes. It can mean that fishermen cannot catch fish, and it can cause floods. There is nothing we can do about El Nino. It is an event of nature. We can help the world's weather by trying to stop the greenhouse effect (温室效应) and air pollution. The most important job for scientists is to learn how to predict when El Nino is going to bring dangerous weather. Then, people can try to prepare for storms and floods. New technology like satellite (人造卫星) pictures and temperature measuring equipment can help. Still, it is very hard to say when or where El Nino will cause damage.
() 1. From the passage we know that El Nino is .
A. a storm that hits every two years B. a huge area of warm water
C. a wind from the south D. some cold water in the Pacific Ocean
() 2. What fact does the passage provide?
A. El Nino makes the weather better. B. El Nino affects the weather.
C. El Nino brings the weather energy. D. El Nino predicts the weather.
() 3. When El Nino comes, the weather is often .
A. sunny B. cloudy C. rainy D. windy
() 4. What can help predict El Nino?
A. Looking out of the window. B. Checking the weather each day.
C. Satellite pictures. D. A heavy rainstorm.

1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C

【分析】
这是一篇科普类说明文阅读理解，全部为细节类题型，解题的核心思路是先划出每道题干的核心关键词，带着关键词回到原文对应段落定位相关表述，将选项内容和原文信息逐一比对，排除和原文不符的干扰选项，即可得到正确答案。比如第一题问厄尔尼诺的定义，直接定位原文介绍厄尔尼诺概念的段落找定义句即可，其余题目同理都可以通过定位原文对应内容快速判断正误。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段第一句“El Nino is a huge area of warm water in the middle of cold water in the Pacific Ocean”可知厄尔尼诺是太平洋冷水区域中的一大片暖水区域。A选项“每两年来袭的风暴”表述错误，原文说明厄尔尼诺每2到7年发生，本身也不是风暴；C选项“来自南方的风”不符合原文描述；D选项“太平洋里的冷水”和原文表述完全相反，因此选B。
2. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“This warm water affects the weather”可知厄尔尼诺会影响天气。A选项“厄尔尼诺让天气更好”错误，它会带来风暴、洪水等灾害；C选项“厄尔尼诺给天气带来能量”不符合原文，原文是厄尔尼诺自身携带大量能量；D选项“厄尔尼诺预测天气”错误，是科学家需要预测厄尔尼诺的动向，因此选B。
3. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段“It is always raining over El Nino”可知厄尔尼诺上方常年降雨，因此厄尔尼诺出现时天气通常是多雨的，选C。
4. 细节理解题：根据原文最后一段“New technology like satellite (人造卫星) pictures and temperature measuring equipment can help.”可知卫星图片这类新技术可以帮助预测厄尔尼诺，因此选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.C
【知识点】
阅读理解细节定位，科普说明文阅读
【点评】
本题属于低难度的科普类阅读题，所有题目都可以通过直接查找原文对应内容得出答案，没有设置复杂的推理类考点，学生只要掌握细节题回文定位的基本方法，仔细比对选项和原文的表述差异，就可以轻松得分，同时还能积累关于厄尔尼诺的相关地理科普常识。
【难度系数】
0.8