2026年新课程新教材导航学八年级英语下册外研版第60页答案
一、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I was
shocked
(shock) to see the buildings were reduced to pieces after the earthquake.
2. Those
soldiers
(soldier) raced against time to save people day and night.
3. She became a nurse after
graduating
(graduate) from college.
4. We should offer
warmth
(warm) to the homeless animals.
5. It's
lucky
(luck) to meet such kind people in life.
6. They worked hard to find a
solution
(solve) to the problem.
7. His
kindness
(kind) made the homeless boy feel loved.

答案

1. shocked 2. soldiers 3. graduating
4. warmth 5. lucky 6. solution
7. kindness

解析

【分析】
这类题考查英语单词的适当形式运用,解题思路是:先分析空格在句子中的语法成分,确定所需词性;再根据所给单词的词性,结合变形规则转换为正确形式。需重点关注be动词后接形容词、指示代词those后接名词复数、介词后接动名词、冠词/物主代词后接名词等语法规则,完成对应变形。
【解析】
1. 空格位于be动词was后,需形容词修饰主语I,shock的形容词(修饰人)为shocked,故填shocked。
2. those意为“那些”,后接可数名词复数,soldier的复数形式是soldiers,故填soldiers。
3. after是介词,介词后需接动词的动名词形式,graduate的动名词为graduating,故填graduating。
4. offer是动词,后需名词作宾语,warm的名词形式是warmth,故填warmth。
5. 句型为It's + 形容词 + to do sth.,需用形容词,luck的形容词为lucky,故填lucky。
6. a是不定冠词,后接可数名词单数,solve的名词形式是solution,故填solution。
7. his是形容词性物主代词,后需接名词,kind的名词形式是kindness,故填kindness。
【答案】
1. shocked 2. soldiers 3. graduating 4. warmth 5. lucky 6. solution 7. kindness
【知识点】
词性转换、词汇语法运用、介词用法
【点评】
本题是基础的词汇适当形式填空题,聚焦英语单词词性转换规则及句子成分的词性要求,题型常规,难度较低,适合巩固基础词汇知识。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、选词填空
support directly mention homeless goodwill
1. The local animal hospital is helping
homeless
animals.
2. Can you
mention
a way to solve the problem?
3. He went
directly
to the hospital to offer help.
4. Let's show our
goodwill
by donating food to the animals.
5. We need more
support
from the community to finish the project.

答案

1. homeless 2. mention 3. directly
4. goodwill 5. support

解析

【分析】
首先整理所给词汇的词性与词义:support(动词/名词,支持)、directly(副词,直接地)、mention(动词,提到)、homeless(形容词,无家可归的)、goodwill(名词,善意)。接着逐个分析句子:1. 空格修饰名词animals,需形容词;2. 情态动词Can后接动词原形;3. 空格修饰动词went,需副词;4. 形容词性物主代词our后接名词;5. more后接名词,结合语境匹配对应词汇。
【解析】
1. 空格位于名词animals前,需形容词作定语,homeless(无家可归的)符合语境,故填homeless;
2. 情态动词Can后需接动词原形,mention(提到)为动词原形,符合语法,故填mention;
3. 空格修饰动词went,需副词,directly(直接地)为副词,符合要求,故填directly;
4. 形容词性物主代词our后需接名词,goodwill(善意)为名词,结合“捐赠食物”的语境,表达善意,故填goodwill;
5. more后需接名词,support(支持)为名词,结合“完成项目”的语境,需要社区支持,故填support。
【答案】
1. homeless 2. mention 3. directly 4. goodwill 5. support
【知识点】
选词填空、词性辨析
【点评】
本题为英语基础选词填空题,主要考查词汇的词性、词义及语境运用,难度较低,学生只需理清每个空格所需词性,匹配对应词汇即可完成,适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.8
三、用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空
race against time sign up by no means give away come up with prepare for
1. The firefighters
raced against time
to save the people trapped in the burning building yesterday.
2. She
signed up
for the volunteer activity as soon as she heard the news.
3. Learning a foreign language is
by no means
easy; it requires lots of practice.
4. He
gives away
his old books to the children in the mountain areas every year.
5. Can you
come up with
a good idea to make the party more interesting?
6. We should
prepare for
the exam carefully instead of playing all day.

答案

1. raced against time 2. signed up
3. by no means 4. gives away
5. come up with 6. prepare for

解析

【分析】
解这类题的思路是:1. 先明确方框内每个短语的含义:race against time(争分夺秒)、sign up(报名)、by no means(绝不)、give away(赠送)、come up with(想出)、prepare for(准备);2. 分析每个句子的语境、时间标志、句式结构,确定所需短语;3. 根据句子的时态、主语人称、句式要求(如情态动词后接动词原形、should后接动词原形、一般过去时需用过去式等),对短语进行适当变形。
【解析】
1. 句中时间状语为yesterday,需用一般过去时,结合语境“消防员争分夺秒救人”,选择短语race against time,其过去式为raced against time。
2. 句中时间状语从句用了过去式heard,主句需用一般过去时,结合语境“报名志愿活动”,选择短语sign up,其过去式为signed up。
3. 句中主系表结构需修饰形容词easy的否定成分,结合语境“学外语绝不简单”,选择短语by no means(为固定副词短语,无形式变化)。
4. 句中时间状语为every year,需用一般现在时,主语he为第三人称单数,结合语境“赠送旧书”,选择短语give away,变形为gives away。
5. 句中情态动词can后需接动词原形,结合语境“想出好主意”,选择短语come up with(用原形)。
6. 句中情态动词should后需接动词原形,结合语境“准备考试”,选择短语prepare for(用原形)。
【答案】
1. raced against time 2. signed up 3. by no means 4. gives away 5. come up with 6. prepare for
【知识点】
动词短语的适当形式填空,时态的运用,情态动词的用法
【点评】
本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析及在具体语境中的形式变化,是英语基础题型,需学生准确掌握短语含义,并结合句子的时间标志、句式结构(如情态动词、should等后接动词原形,一般过去时的变形规则)完成填空,难度适中,适合巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
1. Firemen are
by no means
(绝不) afraid of danger.
2. We should offer our
warmth
(温暖) and care to the homeless animals.
3. They are
racing against time
(争分夺秒地) to save the injured villagers.
4. I want to
sign up
(报名) for this charity project.

答案

1. by no means 2. warmth
3. racing against time 4. sign up

解析

【分析】
本题为根据汉语提示完成句子,需结合语境、词性要求及固定搭配,匹配对应的英语表达。具体思路:1. 分析“绝不”对应的英语固定短语,注意其修饰形容词的用法;2. 由形容词性物主代词our确定需用名词,匹配“温暖”的名词形式;3. 根据现在进行时结构,结合“争分夺秒地”的固定短语,使用现在分词形式;4. 结合want to do sth.的固定用法,匹配“报名”的动词短语原形。
【解析】
1. 句意:消防员绝不害怕危险。“绝不”对应的英语固定短语为by no means,用于修饰形容词afraid,符合语境,故填by no means。
2. 句意:我们应该给无家可归的动物提供温暖和关爱。形容词性物主代词our后需接名词,“温暖”的名词形式为warmth,与care并列作offer的宾语,故填warmth。
3. 句意:他们正在争分夺秒地拯救受伤的村民。“争分夺秒地”对应的固定短语为racing against time,句子为现在进行时(结构:are + 现在分词),故填racing against time。
4. 句意:我想报名参加这个慈善项目。“报名”的固定搭配为sign up,want to do sth.是固定用法,to后接动词原形,故填sign up。
【答案】
1. by no means 2. warmth 3. racing against time 4. sign up
【知识点】
英语词汇运用;固定短语;词性辨析
【点评】
本题考查基础英语词汇、固定搭配及词性的正确使用,属于英语基础题型,需学生掌握常用词汇的词性转换和固定短语,难度适中,大部分学生可通过日常积累完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.6