2026年初中同步练习册八年级英语下册鲁教版54制山东友谊出版社第63页答案
一、
(一)根据句意和音标提示,写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. It's important for us to get together with our
relatives
/'relətɪvz/ during the Spring Festival.
2.
Whoever
/huː'evə(r)/ breaks the school rules will be punished.
3. Bob was caught in
stealing
/'stiːlɪŋ/ a book from my bookcase.
4. Lucy
laid
/leɪd/ out her parents' favorite fruit on the table.
5. It's a tradition to
admire
/əd'maɪə(r)/ the moon and enjoy the mooncakes on Mid - Autumn Festival.
6. —When is
Christmas
/'krɪsməs/?
—It falls on December 25th.
7. This sign aims to
warn
/wɔːn/ people of the dangers of smoking.
8. My father has gone to Hong Kong on
business
/'bɪznəs/.
9. What
present
/'preznt/ did you receive on your last birthday?
10. Never go out with
strangers
/'streɪndʒəz/ unless you get your parents' permission.

答案

1. relatives 2. Whoever 3. stealing 4. laid 5. admire 6. Christmas 7. warn 8. business 9. present 10. strangers

解析

【分析】
这类题需结合音标和句子语境填写正确形式的单词,解题思路为:1. 准确认读每个小题的音标;2. 根据句子语境判断单词的词性、形式(如名词单复数、动词时态/非谓语、固定搭配等);3. 写出符合要求的正确单词,确保拼写规范。
【解析】
1. 音标/'relətɪvz/对应单词,结合句意“春节和亲戚团聚”,需名词复数,故填relatives;
2. 音标/huː'evə(r)/是引导主语从句的代词,意为“无论谁”,故填Whoever;
3. 固定搭配be caught in doing sth(被抓到做某事),音标/'stiːlɪŋ/对应动名词,故填stealing;
4. 音标/leɪd/是动词lay(放置)的过去式,句子描述过去动作,故填laid;
5. 不定式符号to后接动词原形,音标/əd'maɪə(r)/对应动词,故填admire;
6. 音标/'krɪsməs/对应专有名词“圣诞节”,故填Christmas;
7. 固定搭配aim to do sth(旨在做某事),音标/wɔːn/对应动词原形,故填warn;
8. 固定搭配on business(出差),音标/'bɪznəs/对应单词,故填business;
9. 音标/'preznt/对应名词“礼物”,此处用单数,故填present;
10. 音标/'streɪndʒəz/对应名词“陌生人”,泛指需用复数,故填strangers。
【答案】
1. relatives 2. Whoever 3. stealing 4. laid 5. admire 6. Christmas 7. warn 8. business 9. present 10. strangers
【知识点】
根据音标写单词;词汇形式运用;固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的音标认读与正确运用,涉及名词单复数、动词形式、固定搭配等核心基础知识点,是英语学习中的常规基础题型,只要掌握常见音标和核心词汇即可轻松解答。
【难度系数】
0.8
(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. When we heard the news of his
death
(die), we all felt very sad.
2. It's a pity that there are a lot of people who do not know the
importance
(important) of time.
3. The officer promised they
would keep
(keep) searching for the missing plane until it was found.
4. Look! The boy
is lying
(lie) on the floor under the table.
5. A Madman's Diary is a famous short novel
written
(write) by Lu Xun.
6. The man promises
to stay
(stay) with his son on weekends.
7. The children expect their parents
to take
(take) them to the zoo this Sunday.
8. On International Children's Day, they received lots of
presents
(present).
9. When my father called me from my hometown, I could feel the
warmth
(warm) over the telephone.
10. Most children can be seen to copy the behavior of others whom they
admire
(admire) or respect.

答案

1. death 2. importance 3. would keep 4. is lying 5. written 6. to stay 7. to take 8. presents 9. warmth 10. admire

解析

【分析】
本题为英语词汇适当形式填空题,主要考查词性转换、动词时态、非谓语动词、固定搭配等知识点。解题时需先分析每个空在句中的语法成分,确定所需词性或动词形式,再结合语法规则、固定搭配及语境变形:1-2、9题需将动词/形容词转换为名词;3题需根据主句时态确定宾语从句的过去将来时;4题需结合"Look"判断现在进行时;5题需用过去分词作定语表被动;6-7题需掌握"promise/expect sb to do sth"的固定搭配;8题需用可数名词复数;10题需根据定语从句主语确定动词原形。
【解析】
1. 句意:当我们听到他去世的消息时,都很悲伤。his是形容词性物主代词,后接名词,die的名词形式为death,故填death。
2. 句意:遗憾很多人不知道时间的重要性。the后需接名词,important的名词形式为importance,故填importance。
3. 句意:官员承诺他们会继续搜寻失联飞机直到找到。主句谓语动词promised为过去式,宾语从句需用过去将来时,结构为"would+动词原形",故填would keep。
4. 句意:看!男孩正躺在桌子下的地板上。"Look"提示动作正在进行,用现在进行时,结构为"am/is/are+doing",主语the boy为单数,故填is lying。
5. 句意:《狂人日记》是鲁迅写的著名短篇小说。novel与write为被动关系,用过去分词作定语,故填written。
6. 句意:男人承诺周末陪儿子。固定搭配"promise to do sth"(承诺做某事),故填to stay。
7. 句意:孩子们期待父母这周带他们去动物园。固定搭配"expect sb to do sth"(期待某人做某事),故填to take。
8. 句意:国际儿童节那天,他们收到很多礼物。lots of后接可数名词复数,present的复数形式为presents,故填presents。
9. 句意:当爸爸从家乡打电话时,我能感受到电话里的温暖。the后需接名词,warm的名词形式为warmth,故填warmth。
10. 句意:大多数孩子会模仿他们钦佩或尊敬的人的行为。定语从句主语they为复数,一般现在时中动词用原形,故填admire。
【答案】
1. death 2. importance 3. would keep 4. is lying 5. written 6. to stay 7. to take 8. presents 9. warmth 10. admire
【知识点】
词性转换、动词时态、非谓语动词
【点评】
本题为基础英语词汇变形题,覆盖核心语法考点,侧重考查学生对单词形式变化及固定搭配的掌握,是初中英语常见题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
二、句子
(一)看图写话。根据图片和提示词写出至少一个句子。

lantern, kind, guess, riddle
I can see many kinds of lanterns. I like to guess the riddles on them.

答案

I can see many kinds of lanterns. I like to guess the riddles on them.

解析

【分析】首先观察图片可知是传统灯笼,题目要求结合提示词lantern(灯笼)、kind(种类)、guess(猜)、riddle(谜语)写句子。第一步,用“kind”描述灯笼的种类,组成关于看到多种灯笼的句子;第二步,用“guess”和“riddle”组成关于猜灯笼上谜语的句子,确保句子通顺,符合英语表达逻辑。
【解析】根据图片内容(灯笼)和给定提示词,先组织包含“kind”和“lantern”的句子,说明看到多种灯笼;再组织包含“guess”和“riddle”的句子,说明喜欢猜灯笼上的谜语,形成通顺的英语句子。
【答案】I can see many kinds of lanterns. I like to guess the riddles on them.
【知识点】英语句子写作,词汇运用,看图写话
【点评】本题结合图片和指定词汇考查英语句子表达,难度适中,需要学生能准确运用提示词汇并结合图片内容组织语句,是基础的英语应用题型。
【难度系数】0.6