三、从方框中选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。每个短语限用一次。
take a deep breath, take a seat, turn on, take back, take sb's temperature
1. After entering the room, he in the back row and opened his notebook.
2. She decided to her words after she found out that she was wrong.
3. The man and found that he had a fever, so he went to the hospital.
4. She of fresh air when she went for a walk in the park.
5. Remember to the heater if you feel cold in the room during the winter.

1. took a seat 2. take back 3. took his temperature 4. took a deep breath 5. turn on

【分析】首先明确方框内各短语的含义：take a deep breath（深呼吸）、take a seat（坐下）、turn on（打开）、take back（收回，多指话语）、take sb's temperature（给某人量体温）。解题时需先分析每个句子的语境，再结合时态（多数句子描述过去动作用一般过去时，祈使句用动词原形）选择合适短语并变形：
1. 句中“进房间后”“在后排”对应“坐下”，动作发生在过去；
2. 句中“发现错了”对应“收回话语”，decide to后接动词原形；
3. 句中“发现发烧”对应“量体温”，动作发生在过去，需匹配主语的物主代词；
4. 句中“去公园散步”对应“深呼吸”，动作发生在过去；
5. 句中“记得”后接祈使句，对应“打开加热器”。
【解析】
1. 语境为进房间后坐下，动作发生在过去，take a seat的一般过去式为took a seat，故填took a seat；
2. 语境为发现错误后收回话语，decide to do结构中用动词原形，故填take back；
3. 语境为量体温发现发烧，动作发生在过去，take sb's temperature的一般过去式为took his temperature（主语是the man，物主代词用his），故填took his temperature；
4. 语境为散步时深呼吸，动作发生在过去，take a deep breath的一般过去式为took a deep breath，故填took a deep breath；
5. 语境为冬天冷时打开加热器，remember to do结构中用动词原形，故填turn on。
【答案】1. took a seat 2. take back 3. took his temperature 4. took a deep breath 5. turn on
【知识点】动词短语词义辨析；一般过去时；祈使句
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义及形式变化，解题关键是先理解短语含义，再结合句子语境和时态/句式要求选择正确形式，属于基础题型，需熟练掌握短语搭配。
【难度系数】0.5

一、用 since 或 for 填空。
1. She has been a volunteer in the neighbourhood last August.
2. He has stayed in the village a long time.
3. I have been a member of the Red Cross six years.
4. They have worked in Shanghai 2023.
5. We have known each other we were children.

1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since
5. since

【分析】
本题考查现在完成时中since与for的用法区别：since用于引出时间起点，后接具体过去时间点或一般过去时的从句；for用于引出持续的时间段，后接表时长的短语。解题时先判断空格后内容是时间点还是时间段，再匹配对应介词。
【解析】
1. 空格后是过去时间点last August，用since；
2. 空格后是时间段a long time，用for；
3. 空格后是时间段six years，用for；
4. 空格后是过去时间点2023，用since；
5. 空格后是一般过去时的从句（表时间起点）we were children，用since。
【答案】
1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since
【知识点】
现在完成时、since与for的用法
【点评】
本题是英语语法基础题，聚焦现在完成时中介词since和for的核心区别，适合巩固时态相关的介词搭配知识，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1. She ( be ) much happier since she joined the school's art club.
2. Mr Wu ( teach ) in a primary school for two years.
3. The organization ( train ) over 600 young people since it began.
4. He ( grow ) taller and stronger since he joined the sports team.
5. She ( not solve ) the maths problem yet. She needs more time.
6. —Is David at home?
—No, he isn't. He ( go ) to the train station. His best friend is coming today.
7. They ( face ) many challenges since they started their business.
8. She ( learn ) English for 6 years. She can speak it well now.
9. I ( own ) this bicycle for three years, and it still works very well.
10. China ( achieve ) great success in protecting the environment in the past few years.

1. has been 2. has taught 3. has trained
4. has grown 5. hasn't solved 6. has gone
7. have faced 8. has learned 9. have owned
10. has achieved

【分析】
这10道题均考查英语现在完成时的用法。解题思路：先识别句子中的时间标志词（如since、for+时间段、yet、in the past few years等），确定需用现在完成时；再根据主语的单复数确定助动词（第三人称单数用has，其他人称用have）；最后结合括号内动词的过去分词形式，注意否定句要在助动词后加not，以及has gone的特殊用法（表示去了某地未返回）。
【解析】
1. 时间标志词为since引导的从句，需用现在完成时，主语she是第三人称单数，be的过去分词为been，故填has been。
2. 时间标志词为for two years，需用现在完成时，主语Mr Wu是第三人称单数，teach的过去分词为taught，故填has taught。
3. 时间标志词为since引导的从句，需用现在完成时，主语the organization是单数，train的过去分词为trained，故填has trained。
4. 时间标志词为since引导的从句，需用现在完成时，主语he是第三人称单数，grow的过去分词为grown，故填has grown。
5. 时间标志词为yet（用于否定句），需用现在完成时否定式，主语she是第三人称单数，solve的过去分词为solved，故填hasn't solved。
6. 答语说明David不在家，表“去了某地未返回”用has gone，主语he是第三人称单数，故填has gone。
7. 时间标志词为since引导的从句，需用现在完成时，主语they是复数，face的过去分词为faced，故填have faced。
8. 时间标志词为for 6 years，需用现在完成时，主语she是第三人称单数，learn的过去分词为learned，故填has learned。
9. 时间标志词为for three years，需用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have，own的过去分词为owned，故填have owned。
10. 时间标志词为in the past few years，需用现在完成时，主语China是第三人称单数，achieve的过去分词为achieved，故填has achieved。
【答案】
1. has been 2. has taught 3. has trained 4. has grown 5. hasn't solved 6. has gone 7. have faced 8. has learned 9. have owned 10. has achieved
【知识点】
现在完成时；动词过去分词；主谓一致
【点评】
本题聚焦初中英语核心时态——现在完成时的基础应用，涵盖时间标志词识别、助动词选择、过去分词变形及特殊结构has gone的用法，是时态考点的典型基础题型，需学生熟练掌握现在完成时的结构与适用场景。
【难度系数】
0.3

三、根据要求完成下列各题，每空一词。
1. Paul has already finished the report.（改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答）
— Paul the report ?
—Yes, .
2. He has already learned 100 French words.（改为否定句）
He 100 French words .
3. I left my hometown two years ago.（改为同义句）
I from my hometown for two years.
4. Mr Wang has worked in this school for 15 years.（对画线部分提问）
Mr Wang in this school?
5. Peter bought this computer 3 years ago.（改为同义句）
Peter this computer for 3 years.

1. Has; finished; yet; he has 2. hasn't learned; yet 3. have been away 4. How long has; worked 5. has had

【分析】
本题所有小题均围绕现在完成时的相关用法展开，解题时需先确定句子时态，再根据不同题型要求变换：1. 现在完成时一般疑问句需将助动词has/have提前，already在疑问句中改yet；2. 现在完成时否定句需在助动词后加not，already改yet；3. 短暂性动词（如leave、buy）不能与时间段状语连用，需转换为延续性动词（如be away、have）；4. 对“for+时间段”提问用How long，再将助动词提前构成疑问句。
【解析】
1. 原句为现在完成时，改为一般疑问句时，将助动词Has提前，肯定句中的already在疑问句中改为yet；肯定回答结构为“Yes, 主语+has”，故依次填Has、finished、yet、he has。
2. 现在完成时的否定句，在助动词has后加not并缩写为hasn't，already改为yet，故依次填hasn't learned、yet。
3. 原句中left是短暂性动词，与for two years（时间段）连用需转换为延续性的be away，现在完成时结构为have been away，主语为I，故填have been away。
4. 对画线部分“for 15 years”（时间段）提问用How long，现在完成时的疑问句将has提前，后接过去分词worked，故依次填How long has、worked。
5. 原句中bought是短暂性动词，与for 3 years（时间段）连用需转换为延续性的have，现在完成时结构为has had，主语为Peter，故填has had。
【答案】
1. Has; finished; yet; he has 2. hasn't learned; yet 3. have been away 4. How long has; worked 5. has had
【知识点】
现在完成时、短暂性与延续性动词转换、句型转换
【点评】
本题聚焦现在完成时核心考点，涵盖句式转换、同义句转换，其中短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换是易错点，需熟练掌握现在完成时结构及相关规则，属于初中英语时态基础练习。
【难度系数】
0.5