2026年时代新课程初中英语练习与测试八年级上册译林版第107页答案
一、语法专练 写出下列各句中画线部分的主要句子结构。
1. What will the weather be like this weekend?
S+V+P

2. More animals may lose their lives if the summer heat keeps getting worse.
S+V+O

3. The snowy season will begin soon and it will be a new year once again.
S+V

S+V+P

4. A few hunters still kill wild animals for money, not for food.
S+V+O

5. The boy called Tom is running along the river.
S+V

6. The boy called Tom is one of my best friends.
S+V+P

7. The flowers in the garden smell sweet.
S+V+P
.
8. She often helps her mother clear the snow in winter.
S+V+O

9. The sun rises in the east.
S+V

10. The little girl looks very happy, especially on sunny days.
S+V+P

11. They often play football after school on cool autumn days.
S+V+O

12. The cheerful boys are having fun flying kites.
S+V+O

13. The kind old man with a white beard lives alone in the small, cozy house at the end of the quiet street.
S+V

14. The freshly-cooked soup made by mom tastes really delicious.
S+V+P

答案

1. S+V+P 2. S+V+O 3. S+V;S+V+P 4. S+V+O
5. S+V 6. S+V+P 7. S+V+P 8. S+V+O
9. S+V 10. S+V+P 11. S+V+O 12. S+V+O
13. S+V 14. S+V+P

解析

【分析】要判断简单句的基本句型,需先明确核心句子成分:主语(S,描述的对象或动作执行者)、谓语(V,说明主语的动作或状态)、宾语(O,及物动词的动作对象)、表语(P,系动词后说明主语特征/身份的成分)。常见句型有S+V(主语+不及物动词)、S+V+O(主语+及物动词+宾语)、S+V+P(主语+系动词+表语)。解题时,先找画线部分的主语,再判断谓语动词类型(系动词/实义动词),即可确定句型。
【解析】1. 画线部分主语为the weather,谓语是系动词will be,后接表语,故为S+V+P;2. 画线部分主语为More animals,谓语是实义动词短语may lose,后接宾语their lives,故为S+V+O;3. 前半部分画线主语为The snowy season,谓语是不及物动词will begin,故为S+V;后半部分画线主语为it,谓语是系动词will be,后接表语a new year,故为S+V+P;4. 画线部分主语为A few hunters,谓语是实义动词kill,后接宾语wild animals,故为S+V+O;5. 画线部分主语为The boy called Tom,谓语是不及物动词is running,故为S+V;6. 画线部分主语为The boy called Tom,谓语是系动词is,后接表语one of my best friends,故为S+V+P;7. 画线部分主语为The flowers in the garden,谓语是系动词smell,后接表语sweet,故为S+V+P;8. 画线部分主语为She,谓语是实义动词helps,后接宾语her mother,故为S+V+O;9. 画线部分主语为The sun,谓语是不及物动词rises,故为S+V;10. 画线部分主语为The little girl,谓语是系动词looks,后接表语very happy,故为S+V+P;11. 画线部分主语为They,谓语是实义动词play,后接宾语football,故为S+V+O;12. 画线部分主语为The cheerful boys,谓语是实义动词are having,后接宾语fun,故为S+V+O;13. 画线部分主语为The kind old man with a white beard,谓语是不及物动词lives,故为S+V;14. 画线部分主语为The freshly-cooked soup made by mom,谓语是系动词tastes,后接表语really delicious,故为S+V+P。
【答案】1. S+V+P 2. S+V+O 3. S+V;S+V+P 4. S+V+O 5. S+V 6. S+V+P 7. S+V+P 8. S+V+O 9. S+V 10. S+V+P 11. S+V+O 12. S+V+O 13. S+V 14. S+V+P
【知识点】简单句基本句型,句子成分分析,系动词与实义动词辨析
【点评】本题为初中英语基础语法题,考察简单句核心句型的识别,需掌握主语、谓语、宾语、表语的判断方法,区分系动词与实义动词,是英语语法学习的重点基础内容,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.7
15. We, the future of the world, should actively protect the environment that we all depend on.
S+V+O

答案

15. S+V+O

解析

【分析】要判断句子结构,需先拆分句子的主干成分,忽略定语等修饰成分,明确动作的发出者(主语)、动作(谓语)、动作的承受者(宾语),再对应英语基本句型。
【解析】原句中,主语是We(动作的发出者),谓语是should protect(由情态动词+实义动词构成的动作部分),宾语是the environment(动作的承受者);that we all depend on是修饰environment的定语从句,属于修饰成分,不影响句子主干结构,因此句子结构为S+V+O。
【答案】S+V+O
【知识点】英语基本句子结构
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的基本结构,核心是识别句子主干成分,区分修饰语与核心成分,属于基础题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6
16. The cute little baby in the soft pink blanket cries loudly when he can’t play outside on rainy days.
S+V

答案

16. S+V

解析

【分析】要判断该句的基本结构,需先明确句子的主语(动作发出者,记为S)和谓语(主语发出的动作,记为V):本句中动作的发出者是“The cute little baby”,即主语;主语发出的动作是“cries”,且“cry”为不及物动词,后面不接宾语,因此句子仅由主语和谓语构成,对应S+V结构。
【解析】对句子成分划分:主语(S)是“The cute little baby”,谓语(V)是不及物动词“cries”,句子无宾语、表语等其他成分,属于“主语+谓语”的简单句结构。
【答案】S+V
【知识点】英语简单句基本句型;主谓结构
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的基础句型,需准确识别主语和谓语,属于语法基础考点,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.5