2026年初中同步练习册八年级英语下册鲁教版54制山东友谊出版社第60页答案
一、词汇
(一)根据句意和音标提示,写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. There are a lot of traditional
folk
/fəʊk/ stories about this festival.
2. Do you want to have a look at the beautiful flowers in the
garden
/'gɑːdn/?
3. The thief tried to
steal
/stiːl/ some things in the store.
4. I want a beautiful
tie
/taɪ/ for my father.
5. The girl's favorite food is the
dessert
/dɪ'zɜːt/.

答案

1. folk 2. garden 3. steal 4. tie 5. dessert

解析

【分析】这类题需根据给出的音标,结合句子语境与语法结构,匹配对应的英语单词。解题时先准确认读音标,再联系句意确认合适词汇,保证拼写正确且符合句子逻辑。
【解析】1. 音标/fəʊk/对应单词folk,folk stories是固定搭配“民间故事”,符合“关于这个节日有很多传统民间故事”的句意;2. 音标/'gɑːdn/对应garden,in the garden是“在花园里”,符合“你想看看花园里的漂亮花吗”的句意;3. 音标/stiːl/对应steal,try to do sth是固定搭配,steal意为“偷”,符合“小偷试图在商店里偷东西”的句意;4. 音标/taɪ/对应tie,a beautiful tie意为“一条漂亮的领带”,符合“我想给我爸爸要一条漂亮的领带”的句意;5. 音标/dɪ'zɜːt/对应dessert,the dessert意为“甜点”,符合“这个女孩最喜欢的食物是甜点”的句意。
【答案】1. folk 2. garden 3. steal 4. tie 5. dessert
【知识点】根据音标写单词、英语词汇运用
【点评】本题为基础词汇考查题,主要检验学生对常见英语单词的音标认读、拼写及语境运用能力,难度较低,是英语学习的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8
(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. I have many
relatives
(relative) in this city.
2. I think if you eat four meals a day for about two months, you'll put on four
pounds
(pound).
3. There are some
mooncakes
(mooncake) on the table. I think they are delicious.
4. The Spring Festival is a time for
cleaning
(clean) and washing away bad things.
5. People started the tradition of
admiring
(admire) the moon and sharing mooncakes with their families long ago.
6. Jim and Tom are
strangers
(stranger) in our class. So we should make friends with them.
7. I made some
lanterns
(lantern) last week.
8. Yesterday evening he
laid
(lay) out his book to study.
9. I plan
to travel
(travel) during the summer holiday.
10. He tried his best
to answer
(answer) my questions.

答案

1. relatives 2. pounds 3. mooncakes 4. cleaning 5. admiring 6. strangers 7. lanterns 8. laid 9. to travel 10. to answer

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语单词的适当形式填空,需结合句子语法结构、固定搭配、时态等规则分析:1. many后接可数名词复数;2. four后接可数名词复数;3. some后接可数名词复数;4. for是介词,后接动名词;5. of是介词,后接动名词;6. 主语为复数,名词用复数形式;7. some后接可数名词复数;8. 时间状语表过去,动词用过去式;9. plan to do是固定搭配;10. try one's best to do是固定搭配。
【解析】
1. many修饰可数名词复数,故将relative变为relatives;
2. four修饰可数名词复数,故将pound变为pounds;
3. some修饰可数名词复数,故将mooncake变为mooncakes;
4. 介词for后需接动名词,故将clean变为cleaning;
5. 介词of后需接动名词,故将admire变为admiring;
6. 主语Jim和Tom为复数,故将stranger变为strangers;
7. some修饰可数名词复数,故将lantern变为lanterns;
8. 由时间状语yesterday evening可知用一般过去时,lay的过去式为laid;
9. 固定搭配plan to do sth,故填to travel;
10. 固定搭配try one's best to do sth,故填to answer。
【答案】
1. relatives 2. pounds 3. mooncakes 4. cleaning 5. admiring 6. strangers 7. lanterns 8. laid 9. to travel 10. to answer
【知识点】
名词复数的用法、非谓语动词、动词过去式
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型,考查核心基础语法知识点,涉及名词变形、非谓语动词及固定搭配,是巩固英语基础的典型题目。
【难度系数】
0.8
(三)语法填空。
Chinese people have been
celebrating
(celebrate) Mid - Autumn Festival and enjoying mooncakes for centuries. Mooncakes have the shape of a full moon on the Mid - Autumn night. They carry people's
wishes
(wish) to the families they love and miss.
There are many traditional
folk
(folk) stories about this festival. However, most people think that the story of Chang'e is the most touching. Chang'e was Hou Yi's beautiful wife. After Hou Yi shot down the nine suns, a goddess
gave
(give) him a magic medicine to thank him. Whoever drank this could live forever, and Hou Yi planned to
drink
(drink) it with Chang'e. However, a bad man, Pang Meng, tried to
steal
(steal) the medicine when Hou Yi was not home. Chang'e
refused
(refuse) to give it to him and drank it all. She became very light and flew up to the moon. Hou Yi was so sad that he called out her name to the moon every night. One night, he found that the moon was so bright and round that he could see his wife there. He quickly
laid
(lay) out her favorite fruits and
desserts
(dessert) in the garden. How he wished that Chang'e could come back!
After this, people started the tradition of
admiring
(admire) the moon and sharing mooncakes with their families.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

答案

1. celebrating 2. wishes 3. folk 4. gave 5. drink 6. steal 7. refused 8. laid 9. desserts 10. admiring

解析

【分析】
本题为语法填空题,需结合时态规则、词性变化、固定搭配等知识点逐一分析每个空:
1. 第一空:句子用现在完成进行时结构“have been + 动词-ing”,表示持续到现在的动作,需用动词现在分词;
2. 第二空:“people's”后接名词,wish是可数名词,此处表复数概念,需用复数形式;
3. 第三空:“folk stories”是固定表达,folk作定语用原形;
4. 第四空:上下文为一般过去时,描述过去动作需用动词过去式;
5. 第五空:固定搭配“plan to do sth”,to后接动词原形;
6. 第六空:固定搭配“try to do sth”,to后接动词原形;
7. 第七空:描述过去动作,需用动词过去式;
8. 第八空:lay(摆放)的过去式为不规则变化laid,符合一般过去时语境;
9. 第九空:dessert是可数名词,与并列的fruits保持复数形式;
10. 第十空:介词of后需接动名词作宾语。
【解析】
1. 现在完成进行时结构要求“have been doing”,故填celebrating;
2. wish为可数名词,此处指人们的多个愿望,故填wishes;
3. folk作定语修饰stories,用原形构成固定短语“民间故事”,故填folk;
4. 结合上下文一般过去时,give的过去式为gave,故填gave;
5. 固定搭配“plan to do sth”中to为不定式符号,后接动词原形,故填drink;
6. 固定搭配“try to do sth”中to为不定式符号,后接动词原形,故填steal;
7. 描述过去发生的动作,refuse的过去式为refused,故填refused;
8. lay的过去式为laid,符合一般过去时的时态要求,故填laid;
9. dessert为可数名词,与并列的fruits均用复数形式,故填desserts;
10. 介词of后需接动名词,admire的动名词形式为admiring,故填admiring。
【答案】
1. celebrating 2. wishes 3. folk 4. gave 5. drink 6. steal 7. refused 8. laid 9. desserts 10. admiring
【知识点】
动词形式变化、名词单复数、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查初中阶段核心基础语法,涵盖时态、词性、固定搭配等常见考点,难度适中,适合学生巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.6