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三、阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
体裁：说明文
主题：科普知识
难度：★★★★★
After you see somebody else yawn (打哈欠), your mouth opens wide and a big yawn comes out. 1. ＞＞词汇衔接 Is it only a coincidence (巧合)? In fact, this is called contagious (传染性的) yawning.
Contagious yawning doesn't depend on your brain (脑). It's just like a reflex you don't have to think about. Scientists say that it only starts around the ages of four or five. At that time, kids begin to develop better empathy (同理心). 2. In this view, when someone sees another yawn, he follows as if experiencing the same tiredness or stress.
3. ＞＞结构衔接 That explains why you're more likely to catch a yawn from your best friend or family member than from a stranger. It also supports the idea that empathy plays a big part in contagious yawning. The less empathy someone has, the less likely they are to yawn back. Contagious yawning can also help people build social connections (联系) with each other. 4. It also works well on some animals like dogs and chimpanzees.
What happens in the brain when we catch yawns? Your brain has special cells called mirror neurons (镜像神经元). These neurons become active when you see someone do something, and they make you feel like doing the same thing, like yawning. 5. ＞＞词汇衔接
So, the next time you see someone yawn and cannot help yawning, you know it's your brain's way of building a connection with your friends, family and even pets.
A. You aren't especially tired, but it still happens.
B. In fact, yawning is not just a sign of sleepiness.
C. It means understanding and sharing the feelings of others.
D. It's like your brain is mirroring what the other person is doing.
E. Kids under the age of 4 are not able to think about others' feelings.
F. In other words, it's one way our brains help us connect with others.
G. Scientists find that it is more common among those with strong connections.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
体裁：说明文
主题：科普知识
难度：★★★★★
After you see somebody else yawn (打哈欠), your mouth opens wide and a big yawn comes out. 1. ＞＞词汇衔接 Is it only a coincidence (巧合)? In fact, this is called contagious (传染性的) yawning.
Contagious yawning doesn't depend on your brain (脑). It's just like a reflex you don't have to think about. Scientists say that it only starts around the ages of four or five. At that time, kids begin to develop better empathy (同理心). 2. In this view, when someone sees another yawn, he follows as if experiencing the same tiredness or stress.
3. ＞＞结构衔接 That explains why you're more likely to catch a yawn from your best friend or family member than from a stranger. It also supports the idea that empathy plays a big part in contagious yawning. The less empathy someone has, the less likely they are to yawn back. Contagious yawning can also help people build social connections (联系) with each other. 4. It also works well on some animals like dogs and chimpanzees.
What happens in the brain when we catch yawns? Your brain has special cells called mirror neurons (镜像神经元). These neurons become active when you see someone do something, and they make you feel like doing the same thing, like yawning. 5. ＞＞词汇衔接
So, the next time you see someone yawn and cannot help yawning, you know it's your brain's way of building a connection with your friends, family and even pets.
A. You aren't especially tired, but it still happens.
B. In fact, yawning is not just a sign of sleepiness.
C. It means understanding and sharing the feelings of others.
D. It's like your brain is mirroring what the other person is doing.
E. Kids under the age of 4 are not able to think about others' feelings.
F. In other words, it's one way our brains help us connect with others.
G. Scientists find that it is more common among those with strong connections.
1.
A
2.
C
3.
G
4.
F
5.
D
答案
三、【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传染性打哈欠发生的原因、与同理心的关系、在社交中的作用和大脑中的相关机制。
1. A 根据上文“After you see somebody else yawn, your mouth opens wide and a big yawn comes out.”可知此处描述看到别人打哈欠后自己也跟着打哈欠的情况，A 项“你并不是特别累，但这种情况还是发生了。”进一步说明这种打哈欠并非完全因为疲劳，而是有其他原因，引出下文对传染性打哈欠的介绍。故选 A。
2. C 根据上文“At that time, kids begin to develop better empathy.”可知此处应与同理心有关，C 项“它意味着理解和分享他人的感受。”解释了同理心的含义，与下文“when someone sees another yawn, he follows as if experiencing the same tiredness or stress”相呼应。故选 C。
3. G 根据下文“That explains why you're more likely to catch a yawn from your best friend or family member than from a stranger.”可知传染性打哈欠在关系亲密的人之间更常见。故选 G。
4. F 根据上文“Contagious yawning can also help people build social connections with each other.”可知此处应与传染性打哈欠在社交中的作用有关，F 项“换句话说，这是我们大脑帮助我们与他人建立联系的一种方式。”总结上文，并引出下文对大脑机制的介绍。故选 F。
5. D 根据上文“Your brain has special cells called mirror neurons. These neurons become active when you see someone do something, and they make you feel like doing the same thing, like yawning.”可知此处应介绍镜像神经元的作用，D 项“这就像你的大脑在反射另一个人正在做的事情。”解释了镜像神经元如何让我们在看到别人打哈欠时也跟着打哈欠。故选 D。
1. A 根据上文“After you see somebody else yawn, your mouth opens wide and a big yawn comes out.”可知此处描述看到别人打哈欠后自己也跟着打哈欠的情况，A 项“你并不是特别累，但这种情况还是发生了。”进一步说明这种打哈欠并非完全因为疲劳，而是有其他原因，引出下文对传染性打哈欠的介绍。故选 A。
2. C 根据上文“At that time, kids begin to develop better empathy.”可知此处应与同理心有关，C 项“它意味着理解和分享他人的感受。”解释了同理心的含义，与下文“when someone sees another yawn, he follows as if experiencing the same tiredness or stress”相呼应。故选 C。
3. G 根据下文“That explains why you're more likely to catch a yawn from your best friend or family member than from a stranger.”可知传染性打哈欠在关系亲密的人之间更常见。故选 G。
4. F 根据上文“Contagious yawning can also help people build social connections with each other.”可知此处应与传染性打哈欠在社交中的作用有关，F 项“换句话说，这是我们大脑帮助我们与他人建立联系的一种方式。”总结上文，并引出下文对大脑机制的介绍。故选 F。
5. D 根据上文“Your brain has special cells called mirror neurons. These neurons become active when you see someone do something, and they make you feel like doing the same thing, like yawning.”可知此处应介绍镜像神经元的作用，D 项“这就像你的大脑在反射另一个人正在做的事情。”解释了镜像神经元如何让我们在看到别人打哈欠时也跟着打哈欠。故选 D。
解析
【分析】
做这类阅读七选五题目，首先要先通读全文，明确本文核心主题是科普传染性打哈欠的相关知识，理清文章的行文逻辑：先引出传染性打哈欠的现象，再介绍它和同理心的关联、社交属性，最后解释背后的大脑镜像神经元机制。接下来逐空定位上下文的线索：
1. 第1空前文描述“看到别人打哈欠自己也忍不住打哈欠”的现象，后文抛出疑问“这只是巧合吗”，需要补充说明这个现象的反常点——你本身并没有疲惫，自然引出后文对该现象本质的介绍，匹配对应选项。
2. 第2空前文刚提到四五岁的孩子开始发展出更好的同理心，后文解释看到别人打哈欠自己也会共情到相同的疲惫压力，这里需要补充对“同理心”概念的解释，实现前后文的语义衔接。
3. 第3空后文用“That explains why...”指代空处的内容，说明空处的观点刚好能解释“亲近的人之间更容易传染打哈欠”的结论，因此空处要提出“联结强的人群中传染性打哈欠更常见”的对应观点。
4. 第4空前文点明传染性打哈欠可以帮助人们建立社交联结，后文提到该现象在动物身上也存在，这里需要对前文的社交属性做同义转述总结，实现语义的顺承。
5. 第5空前文介绍了大脑里镜像神经元的工作原理：看到他人做动作时自己也想做相同的动作，这里需要承接该机制，点明这一过程的本质就是大脑镜像对方的行为，完成逻辑闭环。
【解析】
1. 根据空处前文“After you see somebody else yawn, your mouth opens wide and a big yawn comes out.”，描述了看到他人打哈欠后自己不受控打哈欠的现象，A选项“你并不是特别累，但这种情况还是发生了”补充说明该打哈欠行为并非自身疲惫导致，凸显现象的反常性，自然引出后文对“传染性打哈欠”的定义介绍，衔接通顺。
2. 空处前文提到“At that time, kids begin to develop better empathy”，核心引出“同理心”概念，C选项“它意味着理解和分享他人的感受”正是对同理心的含义解释，和后文“看到他人打哈欠时仿佛也体验到相同的疲惫或压力”的共情表现完全呼应，逻辑连贯。
3. 空处后文“That explains why you're more likely to catch a yawn from your best friend or family member than from a stranger”，代词That指代空处的观点，G选项“科学家发现这种情况在联结紧密的人群中更为常见”的结论，刚好可以解释后文“亲近的人之间更容易传染打哈欠”的现象，匹配度极高。
4. 空处前文点明“Contagious yawning can also help people build social connections with each other”，说明传染性打哈欠的社交作用，F选项“换句话说，这是我们大脑帮助我们与他人建立联系的一种方式”是对前文内容的同义转述总结，既呼应前文的社交属性，也自然引出后文该现象在动物身上也成立的延伸内容。
5. 空处前文介绍了镜像神经元的工作机制：看到他人做出动作时神经元激活，让你也想做出相同的动作，D选项“这就像你的大脑在镜像另一个人正在做的事情”直接点明镜像神经元的作用本质，完美承接前文内容，完成对传染性打哈欠大脑机制的解释。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. G 4. F 5. D
【知识点】
七选五解题技巧，语篇逻辑衔接，词汇指代辨析
【点评】
本题属于科普类说明文七选五，整体行文逻辑清晰，线索指向明确，重点考察学生利用上下文语义呼应、代词指代关系、主题概念解释来匹配选项的能力，多余选项的干扰性不强，只要能理清每一段的核心论述方向，就可以顺利排除无关选项得到正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.6
做这类阅读七选五题目，首先要先通读全文，明确本文核心主题是科普传染性打哈欠的相关知识，理清文章的行文逻辑：先引出传染性打哈欠的现象，再介绍它和同理心的关联、社交属性，最后解释背后的大脑镜像神经元机制。接下来逐空定位上下文的线索：
1. 第1空前文描述“看到别人打哈欠自己也忍不住打哈欠”的现象，后文抛出疑问“这只是巧合吗”，需要补充说明这个现象的反常点——你本身并没有疲惫，自然引出后文对该现象本质的介绍，匹配对应选项。
2. 第2空前文刚提到四五岁的孩子开始发展出更好的同理心，后文解释看到别人打哈欠自己也会共情到相同的疲惫压力，这里需要补充对“同理心”概念的解释，实现前后文的语义衔接。
3. 第3空后文用“That explains why...”指代空处的内容，说明空处的观点刚好能解释“亲近的人之间更容易传染打哈欠”的结论，因此空处要提出“联结强的人群中传染性打哈欠更常见”的对应观点。
4. 第4空前文点明传染性打哈欠可以帮助人们建立社交联结，后文提到该现象在动物身上也存在，这里需要对前文的社交属性做同义转述总结，实现语义的顺承。
5. 第5空前文介绍了大脑里镜像神经元的工作原理：看到他人做动作时自己也想做相同的动作，这里需要承接该机制，点明这一过程的本质就是大脑镜像对方的行为，完成逻辑闭环。
【解析】
1. 根据空处前文“After you see somebody else yawn, your mouth opens wide and a big yawn comes out.”，描述了看到他人打哈欠后自己不受控打哈欠的现象，A选项“你并不是特别累，但这种情况还是发生了”补充说明该打哈欠行为并非自身疲惫导致，凸显现象的反常性，自然引出后文对“传染性打哈欠”的定义介绍，衔接通顺。
2. 空处前文提到“At that time, kids begin to develop better empathy”，核心引出“同理心”概念，C选项“它意味着理解和分享他人的感受”正是对同理心的含义解释，和后文“看到他人打哈欠时仿佛也体验到相同的疲惫或压力”的共情表现完全呼应，逻辑连贯。
3. 空处后文“That explains why you're more likely to catch a yawn from your best friend or family member than from a stranger”，代词That指代空处的观点，G选项“科学家发现这种情况在联结紧密的人群中更为常见”的结论，刚好可以解释后文“亲近的人之间更容易传染打哈欠”的现象，匹配度极高。
4. 空处前文点明“Contagious yawning can also help people build social connections with each other”，说明传染性打哈欠的社交作用，F选项“换句话说，这是我们大脑帮助我们与他人建立联系的一种方式”是对前文内容的同义转述总结，既呼应前文的社交属性，也自然引出后文该现象在动物身上也成立的延伸内容。
5. 空处前文介绍了镜像神经元的工作机制：看到他人做出动作时神经元激活，让你也想做出相同的动作，D选项“这就像你的大脑在镜像另一个人正在做的事情”直接点明镜像神经元的作用本质，完美承接前文内容，完成对传染性打哈欠大脑机制的解释。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. G 4. F 5. D
【知识点】
七选五解题技巧，语篇逻辑衔接，词汇指代辨析
【点评】
本题属于科普类说明文七选五，整体行文逻辑清晰，线索指向明确，重点考察学生利用上下文语义呼应、代词指代关系、主题概念解释来匹配选项的能力，多余选项的干扰性不强，只要能理清每一段的核心论述方向，就可以顺利排除无关选项得到正确答案。
【难度系数】
0.6
