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四、(2024·苏州期中)阅读理解。〔人与社会——公益慈善与榜样力量〕
You may receive lots of gifts on your birthday. But have you ever thought about giving your birthday gifts to people in need? Kyle Breeden, a 14-year-old boy from Maryland, the USA, has done that ever since he was six years old. On November 19th every year, Kyle invites his friends to his birthday celebration. He asks each friend to bring a new toy to donate to Toys for Tots.
Toys for Tots is a project which gives out toys to children whose parents cannot usually buy them toys. Kyle has donated more than 2,000 toys to the project. And he plans to continue collecting toys for other kids for years to come.
When Kyle was five, he asked his parents how he could help others. Kyle's parents were excited to hear that and they helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots. Since then, he has looked forward to his birthday, but only for the toys. Then he collects the toys and goes to the Toys for Tots celebrations to donate them.
John Minadakis, who hosted a Toys for Tots celebration, said he had never seen someone give so much at such a young age. He believed the ability to put others before himself could take the boy far in life.
Kyle feels good when he helps others. He hopes that through his example, other kids will be inspired to give back. “Many people around my age don't have toys to play with. I want to do something,” Kyle said. “Even the smallest toy can make a kid's day.”
1. Kyle's parents helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots when he was
A. 12 years old
B. 6 years old
C. 5 years old
D. 15 years old
2. What does the underlined word “inspired” probably mean?
A. Improved.
B. Encouraged.
C. Introduced.
D. Expressed.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Kyle plans to buy some toys himself to donate to Toys for Tots.
B. John Minadakis thought Kyle was great.
C. A kid cannot spend a day happily without the smallest toy.
D. Kyle needs new toys to play with every year.
4. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Giving birthday gifts to others
B. Toys for Tots celebrations
C. Toys are important to kids
D. Getting toys for free
You may receive lots of gifts on your birthday. But have you ever thought about giving your birthday gifts to people in need? Kyle Breeden, a 14-year-old boy from Maryland, the USA, has done that ever since he was six years old. On November 19th every year, Kyle invites his friends to his birthday celebration. He asks each friend to bring a new toy to donate to Toys for Tots.
Toys for Tots is a project which gives out toys to children whose parents cannot usually buy them toys. Kyle has donated more than 2,000 toys to the project. And he plans to continue collecting toys for other kids for years to come.
When Kyle was five, he asked his parents how he could help others. Kyle's parents were excited to hear that and they helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots. Since then, he has looked forward to his birthday, but only for the toys. Then he collects the toys and goes to the Toys for Tots celebrations to donate them.
John Minadakis, who hosted a Toys for Tots celebration, said he had never seen someone give so much at such a young age. He believed the ability to put others before himself could take the boy far in life.
Kyle feels good when he helps others. He hopes that through his example, other kids will be inspired to give back. “Many people around my age don't have toys to play with. I want to do something,” Kyle said. “Even the smallest toy can make a kid's day.”
1. Kyle's parents helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots when he was
C
.A. 12 years old
B. 6 years old
C. 5 years old
D. 15 years old
2. What does the underlined word “inspired” probably mean?
A. Improved.
B. Encouraged.
C. Introduced.
D. Expressed.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Kyle plans to buy some toys himself to donate to Toys for Tots.
B. John Minadakis thought Kyle was great.
C. A kid cannot spend a day happily without the smallest toy.
D. Kyle needs new toys to play with every year.
4. What's the best title for the passage?
A. Giving birthday gifts to others
B. Toys for Tots celebrations
C. Toys are important to kids
D. Getting toys for free
答案
四、1~4. CBBA
解析
【分析】
这是一篇公益人物主题的阅读理解，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先浏览4道题干，标记每道题的核心关键词，带着问题回原文定位对应段落，避免盲目读文浪费时间；2. 细节题直接找原文匹配的语句，比对选项选出答案；3. 词义猜测题结合划线词所在句的上下文逻辑，排除语义不符的选项；4. 推断题要严格依托原文内容，排除偷换概念、无中生有的错误选项；5. 主旨大意题要抓住全文核心主线，排除只覆盖局部内容的干扰项，选出最贴合全文的标题。
【解析】
1. 细节题：定位到原文第三段前两句"When Kyle was five, he asked his parents how he could help others. Kyle's parents were excited to hear that and they helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots."，明确说明Kyle5岁的时候父母帮他联系了Toys for Tots项目，对应选项C。
2. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句含义为“他希望通过自己的榜样，其他孩子会被______去回馈社会”，结合选项：A.Improved（提升）、B.Encouraged（鼓励）、C.Introduced（介绍）、D.Expressed（表达），只有“鼓励”符合语境，inspired此处含义为受鼓舞、被激励，对应选项B。
3. 推断题：逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文只提到Kyle计划继续为其他孩子收集玩具，没有提到他打算自己买玩具捐赠，属于无中生有，错误；
B选项：原文第四段提到John Minadakis说他从未见过这么小的孩子付出这么多，还认为Kyle先人后己的品质会让他未来发展很好，能推断出John认为Kyle非常优秀，正确；
C选项：原文最后一句“Even the smallest toy can make a kid's day”意思是哪怕最小的玩具也能让孩子开心一整天，并不是说没有小玩具孩子就没法开心度日，属于偷换概念，错误；
D选项：Kyle过生日收集玩具全部用于捐赠，并不是自己需要新玩具玩，和原文内容相悖，错误。
因此本题选B。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕Kyle从6岁开始，过生日不再收给自己的礼物，而是邀请朋友带玩具作为捐赠礼物送给有需要的孩子的核心事件展开，A选项最贴合全文核心；B选项只是文中提到的局部项目内容，C选项没有覆盖Kyle捐赠生日玩具的核心行为，D选项和原文内容完全无关，因此选A。
【答案】
CBBA
【知识点】
细节理解，词义猜测，主旨大意
【点评】
本题属于课标要求的“人与社会”主题语境下的公益榜样类阅读材料，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读理解最常见的四类题型，既考察学生快速定位原文信息的基础阅读能力，也考察学生结合语境推理、提炼核心主旨的综合阅读能力，同时渗透了奉献回馈的正向价值观，难度梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
这是一篇公益人物主题的阅读理解，解题时可以按照以下思路推进：1. 先浏览4道题干，标记每道题的核心关键词，带着问题回原文定位对应段落，避免盲目读文浪费时间；2. 细节题直接找原文匹配的语句，比对选项选出答案；3. 词义猜测题结合划线词所在句的上下文逻辑，排除语义不符的选项；4. 推断题要严格依托原文内容，排除偷换概念、无中生有的错误选项；5. 主旨大意题要抓住全文核心主线，排除只覆盖局部内容的干扰项，选出最贴合全文的标题。
【解析】
1. 细节题：定位到原文第三段前两句"When Kyle was five, he asked his parents how he could help others. Kyle's parents were excited to hear that and they helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots."，明确说明Kyle5岁的时候父母帮他联系了Toys for Tots项目，对应选项C。
2. 词义猜测题：划线词所在句含义为“他希望通过自己的榜样，其他孩子会被______去回馈社会”，结合选项：A.Improved（提升）、B.Encouraged（鼓励）、C.Introduced（介绍）、D.Expressed（表达），只有“鼓励”符合语境，inspired此处含义为受鼓舞、被激励，对应选项B。
3. 推断题：逐一核对选项：
A选项：原文只提到Kyle计划继续为其他孩子收集玩具，没有提到他打算自己买玩具捐赠，属于无中生有，错误；
B选项：原文第四段提到John Minadakis说他从未见过这么小的孩子付出这么多，还认为Kyle先人后己的品质会让他未来发展很好，能推断出John认为Kyle非常优秀，正确；
C选项：原文最后一句“Even the smallest toy can make a kid's day”意思是哪怕最小的玩具也能让孩子开心一整天，并不是说没有小玩具孩子就没法开心度日，属于偷换概念，错误；
D选项：Kyle过生日收集玩具全部用于捐赠，并不是自己需要新玩具玩，和原文内容相悖，错误。
因此本题选B。
4. 主旨大意题：全文围绕Kyle从6岁开始，过生日不再收给自己的礼物，而是邀请朋友带玩具作为捐赠礼物送给有需要的孩子的核心事件展开，A选项最贴合全文核心；B选项只是文中提到的局部项目内容，C选项没有覆盖Kyle捐赠生日玩具的核心行为，D选项和原文内容完全无关，因此选A。
【答案】
CBBA
【知识点】
细节理解，词义猜测，主旨大意
【点评】
本题属于课标要求的“人与社会”主题语境下的公益榜样类阅读材料，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读理解最常见的四类题型，既考察学生快速定位原文信息的基础阅读能力，也考察学生结合语境推理、提炼核心主旨的综合阅读能力，同时渗透了奉献回馈的正向价值观，难度梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
