2026年通城学典课时作业本八年级英语下册译林版苏州专版第74页答案
一、根据中文或首字母提示写出单词。每空限填一词。
1. (2025·无锡期末)It's wrong to turn a
deaf
(聋的) ear to others' advice.
2. We should be kind to
disabled
(残疾的) people and offer them support.
3. (2025·宿迁期末)The Double Ninth Festival(重阳节) is a special day for e
lderly
people in China.
4. — What's wrong with the old man? He can't see us clearly.
— Maybe he is b
lind
.
5. We can help poor kids by d
onating
books and stationery.
6. My cousin volunteers to help kids with d
isabilities
on weekends.

答案

一、1. deaf 2. disabled 3. elderly 4. blind 5. donating 6. disabilities

解析

【分析】
这是中文/首字母提示类单词拼写题,解题思路如下:1. 先通读完整句子,准确理解句子整体含义;2. 结合题干给出的中文释义或者首字母线索,匹配对应的课标核心词汇;3. 结合空格前后的语法规则(词性要求、介词搭配、名词单复数等)确认单词的正确形式,确保填入后语义通顺、语法合规,且满足每空限填一词的要求。
【解析】
我们逐题推导验证:
1. 句意为“对他人的建议充耳不闻是错误的”,中文提示“聋的”,对应形容词deaf,构成固定搭配turn a deaf ear to,意为“对……置之不理、充耳不闻”,完全符合语境,故填deaf。
2. 句意为“我们应该善待残疾人,为他们提供支持”,中文提示“残疾的”,修饰名词people,对应形容词disabled,disabled people是“残疾人”的标准常用表达,故填disabled。
3. 句意为“在中国,重阳节是属于老年人的特殊日子”,结合重阳节敬老的常识,搭配首字母e,对应形容词elderly,elderly people表示“年长的人、老年人”,符合语境,故填elderly。
4. 句意为“——这位老人怎么了?他看不清我们。——可能他失明了”,根据“看不清事物”的提示,结合首字母b,对应形容词blind,意为“盲的、失明的”,符合语境,故填blind。
5. 句意为“我们可以通过捐赠书籍和文具来帮助贫困儿童”,介词by后需要接动名词表示“通过某种方式”,结合首字母d和“捐赠”的语义,donate的动名词形式为donating,故填donating。
6. 句意为“我的堂兄周末自愿帮助有残疾的孩子”,结合语境和首字母d,此处表示“残疾”,介词with后接名词,指代各类残疾时需要用可数名词disability的复数形式disabilities,故填disabilities。
【答案】
1. deaf 2. disabled 3. elderly 4. blind 5. donating 6. disabilities
【知识点】
形容词词义辨析;固定短语搭配;动名词用法
【点评】
本题围绕关爱弱势群体、传统节日的生活化话题考察核心词汇,兼顾中文提示和首字母提示两种常见考察形式,既要求学生熟记对应语义的英文单词拼写,也需要结合语境、语法规则判断正确词形,比如介词后的动名词变形、名词单复数变化,属于单元基础词汇考察题,易错点集中在第5题忘记将donate变为动名词形式,第6题容易误写为名词单数形式。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.
Homeless
(home) people have to move from one place to another since they have no houses to live in.
2. It is
meaningful
(mean) for us to plant trees because it is good for the environment.
3. There are many people who face
difficulties
(difficult) in life.
4. After the accident, his
blindness
(blind) didn't stop him from learning to read with special tools at school.
5. The community center's
services
(serve) include after-school care and free health checks.

答案

二、1. Homeless 2. meaningful 3. difficulties 4. blindness 5. services

解析

【分析】
这类词形适当形式填空题的解题思路是:第一步先分析空格在句子中充当的成分,判断所需的词性;第二步结合句子语义,将括号内给出的词根转换为对应词性的正确形式,同时还要注意句首大写、名词单复数这类细节规则。逐题推导:1题空格修饰名词people,结合“没有房屋居住”的语义需要表“无家可归的”形容词;2题符合it is + 形容词 + for sb to do的固定结构,需要对应形容词;3题动词face后接名词作宾语,结合“很多人面对的各类困难”要变复数;4题形容词性物主代词his后接名词,把形容词blind转为表“失明”的名词;5题名词所有格后接主语,后面谓语是原形,说明主语是复数的名词。
【解析】
1. 句意:无家可归的人没有房子居住,不得不从一个地方搬到另一个地方。空格修饰名词people,需要形容词,结合“没有住所”的语义,将名词home转换为形容词homeless(无家可归的),位于句首首字母大写,因此填Homeless。
2. 句意:种树对我们来说很有意义,因为它对环境有益。此处是固定句型It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.(对某人来说做某事是……的),结合句意将动词mean转换为形容词meaningful(有意义的),因此填meaningful。
3. 句意:有很多人在生活中面临困难。及物动词face后需要接名词作宾语,将形容词difficult转换为名词difficulty,此处指代生活中各类不同的困难,用复数形式difficulties,因此填difficulties。
4. 句意:事故发生之后,他的失明没有阻止他在学校用特殊工具学习阅读。形容词性物主代词his后需要接名词,将形容词blind转换为名词blindness(失明),为不可数名词,因此填blindness。
5. 句意:社区中心的服务包含课后托管和免费体检。名词所有格后需要接名词作主语,后面谓语动词include是原形,说明主语为复数,将动词serve转换为名词service,此处指代多项服务项目,变复数为services,因此填services。
【答案】
1. Homeless 2. meaningful 3. difficulties 4. blindness 5. services
【知识点】
词形转换,词性判断,固定句型
【点评】
本题是初中英语词汇运用的基础题型,重点考察常见的形容词、名词之间的词缀变形规则,要求学生能结合句子结构和语义准确判断所需词性,同时注意句首大写、名词单复数这类易错细节,整体考点偏向基础核心词汇的活用。
【难度系数】
0.7
三、(2024·泰州期末改编)短文填空。
Zhao Wenjing and Zhao Yajing are twin sisters. They opened a self-built public library in 2024. This may be the 1.
first
(one) public library opened by ALS(渐冻症) patients in China.
Because of the rare 2.
illness
(ill), the twins only spent two years in the school. 3.
However
, they didn't give up. They had each other as study partners at home. The twins' father encouraged them in reading and traveling. He believed that reading and experiencing the world 4.
were
(be) more important than grades. From 2017 to 2019, the family went on trips across China. After they improved their car, they could even lie down and sleep during the long trips.
During the family's trips, they 5.
gave
(give) away books to children living in poor areas. They hoped to share 6.
their
(they) love for reading. The twins thought about opening their own library for several years. Later, the twins decided to put their plans into action, turning their living room 7.
into
a mini-library. In 2022, the twins' father passed away(去世) and they never forgot his words and memories. “Living with ALS hasn't been easy, but we are full of hope and never give up when 8.
facing
(face) difficulties in life. We want to pass his hope on to others,” said Zhao Wenjing.
“Just like 9.
healthy
(health) people, we have rich feelings and big dreams, too. We're different, yet 10.
the
same,” said Zhao Wenjing.

答案

三、1. first 2. illness 3. However 4. were 5. gave 6. their 7. into 8. facing 9. healthy 10. the

解析

【分析】
做这类短文填空,首先第一步要通读全文,把握文章主旨:本文讲述了患渐冻症的双胞胎姐妹坚持不放弃,最终自建公益图书馆传递善意的故事,整体时态以一般过去时为主。接下来逐个分析空格:首先看给出提示词的空,先判断空格所需的词性,再结合提示词变形;没有提示词的空要结合上下文逻辑、固定搭配推导,同时注意大小写、冠词这类细节考点,就能顺利得出答案。
【解析】
1. 空格前有定冠词the,修饰后面的名词public library,提示词one是基数词,此处要表达“第一家”的含义,需要把基数词变为序数词first。
2. 空格前有形容词rare(罕见的),形容词需要修饰名词,提示词ill是形容词“生病的”,要变为对应的名词illness,指代这种罕见疾病。
3. 前文提到双胞胎因为罕见疾病只在学校读了两年书,后文说她们没有放弃,前后是转折逻辑,空格后有逗号隔开,因此填转折副词However,注意首字母大写。
4. 这是宾语从句的谓语部分,主句He believed是一般过去时,从句主语是reading and experiencing the world,指代“阅读和体验世界”两件事,作主语时谓语用复数,因此be动词的过去式复数形式为were。
5. 全文叙述过去发生的故事,整体为一般过去时,提示词give的过去式是gave,give away意为“赠送”,符合语境。
6. 空格后是名词love,需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,提示词they对应的形容词性物主代词是their,指代“她们对阅读的热爱”。
7. 此处是固定搭配turn sth. into sth.,意为“把某物转变为某物”,符合“把客厅改造成迷你图书馆”的语境,因此填into。
8. 此处是时间状语从句的省略,完整结构为when we are facing difficulties,当从句主语和主句主语一致,且从句谓语包含be动词时,可以省略主语和be动词,因此填facing。
9. 空格后是名词people,需要用形容词修饰,提示词health是名词“健康”,变为对应的形容词healthy,意为“健康的”。
10. 英语中same是特殊用法,前面必须搭配定冠词the,构成固定表达the same,意为“相同的”。
【答案】
1. first 2. illness 3. However 4. were 5. gave 6. their 7. into 8. facing 9. healthy 10. the
【知识点】
序数词用法,词性转换,固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于记叙文类短文填空,考点覆盖初中英语核心语法点,既考查了名词、代词、动词的词形转换,也涉及连词逻辑判断、状语从句省略、固定搭配等考点,同时结合正能量的人物故事,引导学生在掌握知识点的同时获得情感共鸣,整体考点分布均衡。
【难度系数】
0.6