四、将方框中所给词语的适当形式填入句中,每词仅用一次
allow, challenge, tunnel, pipe, help with, frozen
1. Cars and buses can go through the under the river quickly.
2. A long carries oil from the factory to different cities.
3. The library doesn't students to eat or drink inside.
4. The ground is for most of the year.
5. My classmate, Jenny, often my homework when I have problems.
6. It is a big to finish the work in only one day.

1. tunnel 2. pipe 3. allow 4. frozen 5. helps with 6. challenge

【分析】
解题思路：先明确方框内各词语的含义，再逐句分析句子的语境和语法要求，匹配词义相符的词语，同时根据句子的时态、主语单复数等调整词语的适当形式，最后确认每词仅用一次，完成填空。
【解析】
1. 句意为“汽车和公交车能快速穿过河下的隧道”，方框中tunnel表示“隧道”，符合语境，故填tunnel；
2. 句意为“一根长管道把石油从工厂运到不同城市”，方框中pipe表示“管道”，符合运油工具的描述，故填pipe；
3. 句意为“图书馆不允许学生在里面吃喝”，方框中allow表示“允许”，助动词doesn't后接动词原形，故填allow；
4. 句意为“地面一年大部分时间是冻结的”，方框中frozen表示“冻结的”，符合地面的状态，故填frozen；
5. 句意为“我的同学Jenny经常在我有问题时帮我做作业”，方框中help with表示“帮助做”，主语Jenny是第三人称单数，一般现在时，动词需用第三人称单数形式，故填helps with；
6. 句意为“仅一天完成这项工作是一个大挑战”，方框中challenge表示“挑战”，符合句意，故填challenge。
【答案】
1. tunnel 2. pipe 3. allow 4. frozen 5. helps with 6. challenge
【知识点】
名词词义辨析、动词适当形式、短语搭配
【点评】
本题为基础选词填空题，主要考查学生对核心词汇的词义理解及语法形式的运用，需结合语境和语法规则选择并调整词语，难度适中，适合巩固基础词汇和语法。
【难度系数】
0.8

五、阅读理解
Joel Sartore is a writer, teacher, and photographer. His words and beautiful images show his love for photography and of the natural world.
Question 1: How did you become a National Geographic photographer?
My first job was for a newspaper. After a few years there, I met a National Geographic photographer. He liked my photos and said I should send some to the magazine. So I did. That led to a one-day job. And that led to a nine-day job, and so on.
Question 2:
To get into National Geographic, you have to give them something they don't have. It's not enough just to be a great photographer. You also have to be a scientist, for example, or be able to dive under sea ice, or spend maybe several days in a tree.
Question 3: Is it hard to get a job as a photographer today?
It's now harder to work for magazines. Technology makes it easy to take good pictures, which means there are more photos and photographers. Also, the Web is filled with photos from all around the world that are free, or cost very little. These photos are often good enough to be put in books and magazines. What the magazines need to do these days is to pay for these photos.
Question 4: I want to be a photographer. Do you have any advice for me?
Advice? Well, work hard. Be passionate about every project you work on. Take lots of pictures in different situations. Look at others' photos thoughtfully and learn from them. And be curious about everything. There's something to photograph everywhere.
()1. Which of the following can be Question 2?
A. Why do you want to work for National Geographic?
B. What do National Geographic photographers like to do?
C. What kind of photos do you give to National Geographic?
D. What kind of photographer is National Geographic looking for?
()2. How many reasons did Joel Sartore mention in his answer to Question 3?
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
()3. What is the underlined sentence in the last paragraph closest in meaning to?
A. Take as many photos as possible.
B. There is beauty everywhere.
C. It's easy to be a good photographer.
D. Photographers should travel everywhere.
()4. According to the passage, who is most likely to be employed by National Geographic?
A. Hanson, a photographer who has worked for many magazines.
B. Bowie, a photographer who learnt to take photos at an early age.
C. Marina, a photographer who is good at science and diving.
D. Jason, a photographer who also has great writing skills.

1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C

【分析】先通读全文，明确摄影师Joel Sartore的经历及对四个问题的核心回答，再逐一分析题目：第1题需结合Question2后的回答核心，匹配对应问题；第2题定位Question3的回答，统计提及的原因数量；第3题理解划线句含义，匹配同义选项；第4题根据原文要求，筛选符合国家地理雇佣条件的摄影师。
【解析】
1. 第1题：Question2后的回答指出，进入国家地理不仅要成为优秀摄影师，还需具备科学家、潜水等特殊能力，核心是询问国家地理寻找的摄影师类型，对应选项D。A（为什么想进国家地理）、B（喜欢做什么）、C（提供什么类型照片）均不符合，故选D。
2. 第2题：Question3的回答提到两个原因：①技术让拍摄好照片更简单，导致照片和摄影师增多；②网络上充满免费或低价的优质照片。共2个原因，故选B。
3. 第3题：划线句“There's something to photograph everywhere.”意为“到处都有可拍摄的事物”，与选项B“到处都有美”含义最接近。A（尽可能多拍）、C（当摄影师容易）、D（到处旅行）均不符，故选B。
4. 第4题：原文提到成为国家地理摄影师需具备科学家、潜水等能力，选项C的Marina擅长科学和潜水，符合要求。A（为多家杂志工作）、B（早年学摄影）、D（写作好）均未提及符合的特殊能力，故选C。
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C
【知识点】英语阅读理解（细节理解、推理判断）
【点评】本题为访谈类阅读理解，围绕摄影师职业展开，考查学生对文章细节的定位、信息筛选及语义理解能力，是初中阶段常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6