一、词汇
(一)根据句意和首字母提示，写出所缺单词的正确形式。
1. I practice pronunciation by reading a.
2. China has the largest p in the world, about over 1.4 billion.
3. —Do you like jumping r?
—Yes, I do.
4. Have you e been to Africa?
5. Don't worry. I have made much p in learning English.

1. aloud
2. population
3. race
4. ever
5. progress

【分析】
1. 第1题：根据句意“练习发音”及首字母a，需想到表“大声朗读”的固定短语，符合练习发音的语境；
2. 第2题：中国拥有世界上数量最多的“人口”，对应首字母p，匹配语境；
3. 第3题：结合答语及首字母r，“跳绳比赛”的表达符合对话逻辑；
4. 第4题：现在完成时疑问句中，表“曾经”的副词符合首字母e的要求；
5. 第5题：表“取得进步”的固定短语，结合首字母p匹配句意。
【解析】
1. 句意：我通过大声朗读练习发音。固定搭配read aloud意为“大声朗读”，结合首字母a，填aloud；
2. 句意：中国有世界上最多的人口，约14亿。population意为“人口”，符合首字母p及语境；
3. 句意：—你喜欢跳绳比赛吗？—是的。jumping race意为“跳绳比赛”，结合首字母r，填race；
4. 句意：你曾经去过非洲吗？现在完成时疑问句中，ever表示“曾经”，符合首字母e；
5. 句意：别担心，我在英语学习上取得了很多进步。固定短语make progress意为“取得进步”，结合首字母p，填progress。
【答案】
1. aloud
2. population
3. race
4. ever
5. progress
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、固定短语搭配
【点评】
本题为基础词汇考查题，侧重常用单词和固定搭配的掌握，难度较低，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.8

(二)用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. There are a lot of (mistake) in his homework，so the teacher is very angry.
2. Please make some (sentence) with these words.
3. She often takes (note) by writing down the key words in class.
4. You need (patient) if you want to get served in this shop.
5. You should look up the right (pronounce) of this word in the dictionary.
6. What about (go) swimming?
7. Sometimes，body language in communication is a wonderful way (express) ourselves.
8. He found it difficult (learn) English.
9. —Joe，would you please drive a little (fast) than before?
—No hurry. We have enough time before the train leaves.
10. The singers in the CCTV talent show Sing My Song have the (able) to write songs.

1. mistakes
2. sentences
3. notes
4. to be patient/patience
5. pronunciation
6. going
7. to express
8. to learn
9. faster
10. ability/abilities

【分析】本题为英语用所给单词适当形式填空的基础题型，需结合句子结构、固定搭配、语法规则（如名词复数、比较级、非谓语动词等）对所给单词变形。具体思路：1. 由a lot of（许多）确定后接可数名词复数，变形mistake；2. some后接可数名词复数，变形sentence；3. 依据固定短语take notes（记笔记）确定note用复数；4. need可接名词或不定式，结合语境选patience或to be patient；5. 定冠词the后需名词，变形pronounce；6. what about后接动名词，变形go；7. 依据固定结构a way to do sth用不定式，变形express；8. 依据固定结构find it + adj + to do sth用不定式，变形learn；9. 由than确定用比较级，变形fast；10. 依据固定搭配have the ability/abilities to do sth，变形able。
【解析】1. a lot of修饰可数名词复数，故mistake变复数形式mistakes；2. some修饰可数名词复数，sentence变复数形式sentences；3. 固定短语take notes表示“记笔记”，note用复数形式；4. need作实义动词时，可接名词patience（耐心），或接不定式to be patient（要有耐心）；5. 定冠词the后需名词，动词pronounce的名词形式为pronunciation（发音）；6. what about后接动名词作宾语，go的动名词是going；7. 固定结构a way to do sth表示“做某事的方法”，故用不定式to express；8. 固定结构find it + adj + to do sth中，it为形式宾语，真正宾语是不定式，故用to learn；9. 由than可知需用副词比较级，fast的比较级是faster；10. 固定搭配have the ability/abilities to do sth表示“有做某事的能力”，形容词able的名词是ability，单复数均可。
【答案】1. mistakes
2. sentences
3. notes
4. to be patient/patience
5. pronunciation
6. going
7. to express
8. to learn
9. faster
10. ability/abilities
【知识点】名词复数、固定搭配、词性转换、非谓语动词、形容词比较级
【点评】本题考察初中英语核心基础知识点，涵盖名词变形、固定短语、常用语法结构，题型常规，侧重基础词汇运用，是学生需熟练掌握的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.3

(三)语法填空。
In 1895，the town of Leadville，Colorado，USA was in trouble. People were leaving and not coming back. The 1 (town) leaders needed to come up with a plan to keep people in Leadville. They also hoped others would come to visit or live there. After much 2 (discuss)，they planned to build something amazing to make people want to go to their town. They 3 (decide) to build a very large palace out of ice! On January 1，1896，after only two months，the Leadville Ice Palace 4 (open). That morning，members of different sports clubs walked 5 (down) Leadville's streets. Soon the whole town seemed to walk toward the Ice Palace. For the next three months，Leadville celebrated at the Ice Palace. People of the town called it 6 (they) "Crystal Carnival". There were different kinds of activities，such as 7 (compete)，parties and games. A dining hall was open all the time. Visitors came from as far away as Europe. In the spring of 1896，the Ice Palace 8 (slow) melted (融化) away. No one knows what happened to the palace's wooden frame(框架). Today，9 you visit the small mountain town of Leadville on the first weekend of March，you won't see the Ice Palace. However，you will 10 (see) people celebrating at a modern palace. And in other places around the world，you can still find wonderful ice palaces or ice hotels. You can even spend the night in those hotels!
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

1. town
2. discussion
3. decided
4. opened
5. down
6. their
7. competitions
8. slowly
9. if
10. see

【分析】
首先通读全文，理解文章讲述美国Leadville小镇为吸引游客建造冰宫的故事。再逐个分析每个空：1空修饰名词leaders，需用名词作定语；2空much后接不可数名词，要转换动词为名词；3空结合过去时间语境用一般过去时；4空描述过去动作用动词过去式；5空是固定短语搭配；6空修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词；7空such as后接并列名词用复数；8空修饰动词需用副词；9空引导条件状语从句用连词；10空will后接动词原形。
【解析】
1. 考查名词作定语。此处修饰名词leaders，名词town可直接作定语表示“城镇的”，构成固定表达town leaders（镇领导），故填town。
2. 考查词性转换。much修饰不可数名词，动词discuss的名词形式为discussion，故填discussion。
3. 考查一般过去时。文章讲述1895年的过去事件，谓语动词需用过去式，decide的过去式为decided，故填decided。
4. 考查一般过去时。描述1896年1月1日发生的过去动作，谓语动词用过去式，open的过去式为opened，故填opened。
5. 考查固定搭配。walk down是固定短语，意为“沿着……走”，故填down。
6. 考查形容词性物主代词。此处修饰名词短语“Crystal Carnival”，需用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词为their，故填their。
7. 考查名词复数。such as后接名词，且与parties、games并列，compete的名词形式为competition，此处用复数competitions，故填competitions。
8. 考查副词。此处修饰动词短语melted away，需用副词，slow的副词形式为slowly，故填slowly。
9. 考查连词。此处引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”，用连词if，故填if。
10. 考查动词形式。助动词will后接动词原形，故填see。
【答案】
1. town
2. discussion
3. decided
4. opened
5. down
6. their
7. competitions
8. slowly
9. if
10. see
【知识点】
名词作定语；一般过去时；形容词性物主代词
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法填空题，主要考查词性转换、动词时态、固定搭配、代词用法等核心语法点，难度适中，要求学生结合语境分析句子成分，掌握常见的语法规则和词性变化。
【难度系数】
0.6