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(B)新素养文化意识阅读短文，选择最合适的选项。(10分)
Children in the US start to go to school at the age of five. They go to the kindergarten(幼儿园)first. It lasts(持续)a year. Then they begin primary school (小学). Some of them study in primary school for five years, from Grade 1 to Grade 5. Then they go to middle school(中学)for a few years, usually from Grade 6 to Grade 8. After that, they go to high school(高中)，from Grade 9 to Grade 12.
There are two parts in an American(美国的)classroom. One is for teaching and learning. There is a blackboard and some desks in this part. The other is for reading. There are a lot of books. There are storybooks and other books. Students can borrow books here. There are about twenty-five students in a class. Each classroom has a computer. Students can use it to get information(信息)and study.
( )1. Children in the US go to the kindergarten when they are ___.
A. four B. five C. six
( )2. Middle school usually lasts ___ years in America.
A. two B. three C. four
( )3. What is NOT usually(通常)found in the teaching and learning part of an American classroom?
A. A blackboard. B. Desks. C. A lot of storybooks.
( )4. The underlined word "borrow" means “___” in Chinese.
A. 借入 B. 买 C. 拿走
( )5. From the passage, we can infer(推断) that American students can use(使用)computers to___.
A. play games with friends
B. help them learn
C. only read storybooks
Children in the US start to go to school at the age of five. They go to the kindergarten(幼儿园)first. It lasts(持续)a year. Then they begin primary school (小学). Some of them study in primary school for five years, from Grade 1 to Grade 5. Then they go to middle school(中学)for a few years, usually from Grade 6 to Grade 8. After that, they go to high school(高中)，from Grade 9 to Grade 12.
There are two parts in an American(美国的)classroom. One is for teaching and learning. There is a blackboard and some desks in this part. The other is for reading. There are a lot of books. There are storybooks and other books. Students can borrow books here. There are about twenty-five students in a class. Each classroom has a computer. Students can use it to get information(信息)and study.
( )1. Children in the US go to the kindergarten when they are ___.
A. four B. five C. six
( )2. Middle school usually lasts ___ years in America.
A. two B. three C. four
( )3. What is NOT usually(通常)found in the teaching and learning part of an American classroom?
A. A blackboard. B. Desks. C. A lot of storybooks.
( )4. The underlined word "borrow" means “___” in Chinese.
A. 借入 B. 买 C. 拿走
( )5. From the passage, we can infer(推断) that American students can use(使用)computers to___.
A. play games with friends
B. help them learn
C. only read storybooks
答案
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍美国学制和教室布局的阅读理解题，解题思路如下：
1. 第1题：直接定位原文开头内容，寻找美国孩子上幼儿园的年龄，原文明确说明5岁开始上学且先去幼儿园，据此锁定答案。
2. 第2题：找到中学对应的年级范围，通过计算年级跨度得出持续时长，从而确定答案。
3. 第3题：区分教室的两个功能区域，明确教学区的物品配置，对比选项选出不属于教学区的物品。
4. 第4题：结合阅读区有大量书籍的语境，联系日常常识判断“borrow”的中文含义。
5. 第5题：根据原文中电脑的用途描述，推断出学生使用电脑的目的，排除不符合原文的选项。
【解析】
1. 根据原文第一段第一句“Children in the US start to go to school at the age of five. They go to the kindergarten first.”可知，美国孩子5岁时去幼儿园，故选B。
2. 根据原文第一段“usually from Grade 6 to Grade 8”，计算时长：8-6+1=3年，所以中学通常持续3年，故选B。
3. 根据原文第二段“One is for teaching and learning. There is a blackboard and some desks in this part. The other is for reading. There are a lot of books. There are storybooks and other books.”可知，故事书在阅读区，不在教学区，故选C。
4. 结合上下文语境，阅读区有大量书籍，学生可在此获取书籍使用，“borrow”的中文意思是“借入”，故选A。
5. 根据原文第二段“Students can use it to get information and study.”可知，学生用电脑是为了获取信息和学习，由此推断出电脑可以帮助他们学习，故选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B
【知识点】
细节查找，词义猜测，推理判断
【点评】
本文围绕美国的学制和教室布局展开，题目侧重考查对文章细节的理解、简单词义猜测及推理能力，既能帮助学生巩固基础阅读技巧，也能让学生了解美国校园相关文化。
【难度系数】
0.8
这是一篇介绍美国学制和教室布局的阅读理解题，解题思路如下：
1. 第1题：直接定位原文开头内容，寻找美国孩子上幼儿园的年龄，原文明确说明5岁开始上学且先去幼儿园，据此锁定答案。
2. 第2题：找到中学对应的年级范围，通过计算年级跨度得出持续时长，从而确定答案。
3. 第3题：区分教室的两个功能区域，明确教学区的物品配置，对比选项选出不属于教学区的物品。
4. 第4题：结合阅读区有大量书籍的语境，联系日常常识判断“borrow”的中文含义。
5. 第5题：根据原文中电脑的用途描述，推断出学生使用电脑的目的，排除不符合原文的选项。
【解析】
1. 根据原文第一段第一句“Children in the US start to go to school at the age of five. They go to the kindergarten first.”可知，美国孩子5岁时去幼儿园，故选B。
2. 根据原文第一段“usually from Grade 6 to Grade 8”，计算时长：8-6+1=3年，所以中学通常持续3年，故选B。
3. 根据原文第二段“One is for teaching and learning. There is a blackboard and some desks in this part. The other is for reading. There are a lot of books. There are storybooks and other books.”可知，故事书在阅读区，不在教学区，故选C。
4. 结合上下文语境，阅读区有大量书籍，学生可在此获取书籍使用，“borrow”的中文意思是“借入”，故选A。
5. 根据原文第二段“Students can use it to get information and study.”可知，学生用电脑是为了获取信息和学习，由此推断出电脑可以帮助他们学习，故选B。
【答案】
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.B
【知识点】
细节查找，词义猜测，推理判断
【点评】
本文围绕美国的学制和教室布局展开，题目侧重考查对文章细节的理解、简单词义猜测及推理能力，既能帮助学生巩固基础阅读技巧，也能让学生了解美国校园相关文化。
【难度系数】
0.8
