一、完形填空。
主题:人与自然——自然生态·自然奇观
体裁:说明文 难易度:☆☆☆
世界最深的蓝色奇迹——贝加尔湖
You must know a popular song about Lake Baikal. Then what do you 1 about Lake Baikal?
Lake Baikal in Russia is one of the most 2 lakes in the world. It has a 3 of 25 million years. It's also the deepest 4 lake in the world. It's up to about 1,600 metres deep. 5, it's not only a lake 6 also the future fifth ocean with nearly 20% of the fresh water in the world. The water is 7 clean that people can drink it directly. And many types of fish live in it, some are very 8—you can't find them anywhere else.
Lake Baikal is in the 9 of a banana and people also think it looks like a crescent(月牙形) moon. Lake Baikal is beautiful and a lot of 10 come to visit it every year. They usually come in summer. It is not cold then. They can 11 the blue water and the green mountains. However, some visitors prefer to come in winter. 12 it is freezing, they can have fun on the ice. The ice can be up to 60 cm in 13. They feel free to do whatever they like, without the 14 of falling into the water.
Local people are very thankful for everything the lake 15 them. They'll try their best to protect the lake.
()1. A. worry B. dream
C. care D. wonder
()2. A. common B. ancient
C. difficult D. dangerous
()3. A. time B. history
C. development D. civilization
()4. A. saltwater B. man-made
C. freshwater D. mountain
()5. A. At first B. For example
C. In fact D. At most
()6. A. but B. and
C. with D. because
()7. A. so B. too
C. such D. as
()8. A. useful B. special
C. harmful D. friendly
()9. A. shape B. place
C. front D. control
()10. A. volunteers B. climbers
C. travellers D. keepers
()11. A. enjoy B. repair
C. copy D. develop
()12. A. Because of B. Even though
C. So that D. What's more
()13. A. type B. size
C. weight D. depth
()14. A. coast B. dive
C. wonder D. risk
()15. A. planted B. survived
C. showed D. offered

1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.D

【分析】
这是一篇关于贝加尔湖的说明文完形填空，解题时需结合句子语境、词义辨析、固定搭配及逻辑关系逐一分析选项。每道题先明确句子含义，再对比各选项的词性、词义及用法，选择最符合上下文的答案，同时注意常见固定搭配和逻辑连词的使用。
【解析】
1. 句意：你对贝加尔湖了解什么？选项A. worry（担心）、B. dream（梦想）、C. care（关心）、D. wonder（想知道），固定搭配“what do you wonder about”符合语境，故选D。
2. 句意：俄罗斯的贝加尔湖是世界上最古老的湖泊之一，它有2500万年的历史。根据“25 million years”可知，选B ancient（古老的）。
3. 固定搭配“a history of...”表示“……的历史”，故选B。
4. 后文提到“nearly 20% of the fresh water in the world”，说明它是淡水湖，故选C freshwater（淡水的）。
5. 前文介绍深度，后文说明它不仅是湖还是未来第五大洋，逻辑上用“in fact（事实上）”衔接，故选C。
6. 固定搭配“not only...but also...”表示“不仅……而且……”，故选A。
7. 固定搭配“so + adj. + that...”表示“如此……以至于……”，故选A。
8. 后文“you can't find them anywhere else”说明这些鱼很特别，故选B special（特别的）。
9. 后文“like a banana”描述的是形状，故选A shape（形状）。
10. 每年很多游客来参观，故选C travellers（游客）。
11. 句意：他们可以欣赏蓝色的湖水和绿色的山脉，故选A enjoy（欣赏）。
12. 句意：即使天气很冷，他们也能在冰上玩，逻辑连词用“even though（即使）”，故选B。
13. 冰的深度达60厘米，故选D depth（深度）。
14. 句意：他们可以自由做任何事，没有落水的风险，故选D risk（风险）。
15. 句意：当地人感谢湖提供给他们的一切，故选D offered（提供）。
【答案】1.D 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.C 6.A 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.D
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】本文以贝加尔湖为主题，考察学生对词汇的理解及上下文逻辑的把握，是一篇贴近自然生态的说明文，符合初中英语完形填空的常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

二、阅读理解。
主题:人与自然——自然生态·自然奇观
体裁:说明文 难易度:☆☆☆
新素材 “小狗山” When Shanghai-based designer Guo Qingshan posted a vacation photo named “Puppy(小狗) Mountain” online, it became a hit in China and even created a tourist site. The mountain is located in Zigui County in Yichang, along the Yangtze River.
An expert, Li Zhongdong, thought “Puppy Mountain” was formed into a karst landform(喀斯特地貌) because of karst processes.
“The puppy’s eyes, the area between the eyebrows and the corners of its mouth may be the entrance of a karst cave(洞穴),” Li said. “The white area between its forehead and nose might be a cliff, while the appearance of its ears is created by plant coverage.”
The mountain has also drawn international attention. Japan’s Abema News reported that many tourists have got together to the area, surprised to have missed the lovely scene during past visits. It is reported that many people travelled to Yichang to see the mountain for themselves, with some even bringing their dogs for photo chances. Sky News and the BBC in the United Kingdom and CBS News from the United States also covered the story.
While the Internet wonders at the mountain, local governments have stated a warning. The area is remote and not yet developed as an official tourist site. Visitors are advised to view and take photos from afar at the viewing area on the opposite bank.
1. How did Guo Qingshan make “Puppy Mountain” popular online? ()
A. By bringing a puppy.
B. By showing a photo.
C. By explaining karst.
D. By drawing a picture.
2. What can we learn from Paragraph 3 to Paragraph 5? ()
A. Many Japanese have seen the puppy scene before.
B. Four foreign countries reported news about the mountain.
C. People may enter a cave from the area of the puppy’s eyes.
D. The “Puppy Mountain” has developed as an official tourist site.
3. Which is close to the underlined word “remote” in meaning? ()
A. Modern.
B. Popular.
C. Alone.
D. Far.
4. 新考向 写作意图 What is the main purpose of the passage? ()
A. To call on people to climb “Puppy Mountain” freely.
B. To introduce us to a newly-found tourist site in Yichang.
C. To show a lively picture of a cute puppy online.
D. To draw some people’s attention.

1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B

【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解题，需先通读全文把握核心内容，再针对每道题的题干关键词回原文定位，逐一比对选项与原文表述，排除错误答案：
1. 第1题需找Guo Qingshan让“小狗山”走红的方式，定位原文相关语句即可；
2. 第2题要结合第3-5段内容，逐一核对选项的正误；
3. 第3题是词义猜测题，需结合上下文语境推断单词含义；
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文内容明确作者写作目的。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段：“When Shanghai-based designer Guo Qingshan posted a vacation photo named ‘Puppy(小狗) Mountain’ online, it became a hit...”，可知他通过发布照片让“小狗山”走红，对应选项B。
2. 核对第3-5段：A选项原文提到日本游客“missed the lovely scene during past visits”，即之前未看到，错误；B选项报道的国家为日本、英国、美国，共3个，错误；C选项对应第三段专家表述“‘The puppy’s eyes... may be the entrance of a karst cave’”，正确；D选项原文明确“not yet developed as an official tourist site”，错误，故选C。
3. 原文第五段“The area is remote and not yet developed as an official tourist site”，结合语境（未开发、位置偏远），“remote”意为“偏远的”，对应选项D（Far）。
4. 全文围绕宜昌的“小狗山”展开，介绍其走红、成因、国际关注及当地提醒，核心是介绍这个新的景点，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、词义猜测
【点评】
本篇阅读理解围绕“小狗山”的相关情况展开，题型涵盖细节查找、词义猜测，考查学生快速定位信息、理解文本细节的能力，内容贴近生活，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6