登录
六、[核心素养](2025·淮安期末)阅读理解。
人与社会——文学作品
When Dorothy woke up—she did not know how much later—the house was on the ground. It was in a field full of flowers, and there were hundreds of beautifully coloured birds flying about and singing. Not far away, there was a river with clear, fresh water.
Dorothy was still under her bed. She got up and left the house. She was surprised to see three little men and a little woman walking toward her. They were very strangely dressed. The men’s clothes were blue and their hats were blue too, but the woman’s clothes were white and had little stars all over them.
When they saw Dorothy, they walked up to her and bowed(鞠躬).
“Welcome to the land of the Munchkins,” one of the little men said. “We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch(女巫) of the East. Now our people are free.”
“I’m afraid you are making a mistake,” Dorothy said. “I didn’t kill any witch.”
“Your house did,” one of the little men said. “Look!”
He pointed to the house. Dorothy saw two feet sticking out from under it.
“Oh!” Dorothy exclaimed(惊叫). “The house fell on her. What can I do?”
“There is nothing to do,” the little woman said. “The Wicked Witch of the East is dead, and the Munchkins are grateful to you.”
“Are you a Munchkin?” Dorothy asked.
“No, but I am their friend,” the little woman said. “I am the Witch of the North.”
— Adapted from *The Wonderful Wizard of Oz*
1. Where was the house when Dorothy woke up?
A. In a field full of flowers.
B. On a hill among beautiful flowers.
C. In a river with clear water.
D. On a farm far away from Kansas.
2. [创新考法·信息排序]What is the correct order of the story?
① Dorothy left the house and was surprised to see some little men.
② Dorothy saw two feet of the Wicked Witch of the East were under the house.
③ The little men thanked Dorothy for killing the Wicked Witch of the East.
④ Dorothy found that she was still under the bed after she woke up.
A. ①④③②
B. ①③④②
C. ④①③②
D. ④②③①
3. What can we infer about the Wicked Witch of the East?
A. The witch tried to kill Dorothy.
B. She was the Witch of the North’s friend.
C. Dorothy had heard of the witch before.
D. The witch was unkind to the Munchkins.
4. What does the underlined word “grateful” probably mean in Paragraph 9?
A. Hateful.
B. Thankful.
C. Helpful.
D. Believable.
人与社会——文学作品
When Dorothy woke up—she did not know how much later—the house was on the ground. It was in a field full of flowers, and there were hundreds of beautifully coloured birds flying about and singing. Not far away, there was a river with clear, fresh water.
Dorothy was still under her bed. She got up and left the house. She was surprised to see three little men and a little woman walking toward her. They were very strangely dressed. The men’s clothes were blue and their hats were blue too, but the woman’s clothes were white and had little stars all over them.
When they saw Dorothy, they walked up to her and bowed(鞠躬).
“Welcome to the land of the Munchkins,” one of the little men said. “We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch(女巫) of the East. Now our people are free.”
“I’m afraid you are making a mistake,” Dorothy said. “I didn’t kill any witch.”
“Your house did,” one of the little men said. “Look!”
He pointed to the house. Dorothy saw two feet sticking out from under it.
“Oh!” Dorothy exclaimed(惊叫). “The house fell on her. What can I do?”
“There is nothing to do,” the little woman said. “The Wicked Witch of the East is dead, and the Munchkins are grateful to you.”
“Are you a Munchkin?” Dorothy asked.
“No, but I am their friend,” the little woman said. “I am the Witch of the North.”
— Adapted from *The Wonderful Wizard of Oz*
1. Where was the house when Dorothy woke up?
A. In a field full of flowers.
B. On a hill among beautiful flowers.
C. In a river with clear water.
D. On a farm far away from Kansas.
2. [创新考法·信息排序]What is the correct order of the story?
① Dorothy left the house and was surprised to see some little men.
② Dorothy saw two feet of the Wicked Witch of the East were under the house.
③ The little men thanked Dorothy for killing the Wicked Witch of the East.
④ Dorothy found that she was still under the bed after she woke up.
A. ①④③②
B. ①③④②
C. ④①③②
D. ④②③①
3. What can we infer about the Wicked Witch of the East?
A. The witch tried to kill Dorothy.
B. She was the Witch of the North’s friend.
C. Dorothy had heard of the witch before.
D. The witch was unkind to the Munchkins.
4. What does the underlined word “grateful” probably mean in Paragraph 9?
A. Hateful.
B. Thankful.
C. Helpful.
D. Believable.
答案
六、1. A 细节理解题。根据“... the house was on the ground. It was in a field full of flowers”可知，房子落在地上，在一片开满鲜花的田野里。
2. C 信息排序题。通读全文可知，正确顺序应为：多萝茜醒来后发现自己在床下；她离开房子并看到小矮人；小矮人感谢她杀死东方女巫；多萝茜看到女巫的脚被压在房子下。
3. D 推理判断题。根据“We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch of the East. Now our people are free.”可知，芒奇金人因东方女巫之死而获得自由，说明女巫曾压迫他们。
4. B 词义猜测题。根据“We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch of the East. Now our people are free.”及“The Wicked Witch of the East is dead, and the Munchkins are grateful to you.”可知，芒奇金人因东方女巫之死而获得自由，所以对多萝茜非常感激。画线单词意为“感激的”，与 thankful 意思相近。
2. C 信息排序题。通读全文可知，正确顺序应为：多萝茜醒来后发现自己在床下；她离开房子并看到小矮人；小矮人感谢她杀死东方女巫；多萝茜看到女巫的脚被压在房子下。
3. D 推理判断题。根据“We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch of the East. Now our people are free.”可知，芒奇金人因东方女巫之死而获得自由，说明女巫曾压迫他们。
4. B 词义猜测题。根据“We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch of the East. Now our people are free.”及“The Wicked Witch of the East is dead, and the Munchkins are grateful to you.”可知，芒奇金人因东方女巫之死而获得自由，所以对多萝茜非常感激。画线单词意为“感激的”，与 thankful 意思相近。
解析
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先可以先浏览4道题干明确考点，再带着问题回到原文逐段定位对应信息：第1题是细节题，直接定位多萝西醒来后房子位置的相关原文即可选出答案；第2题是事件排序题，需要先把4个题干给出的事件分别在原文找到对应的位置，按照故事发展的先后顺序排列，再用排除法排除不符合首项的错误选项快速缩小范围；第3题是推理判断题，不能选择原文直接明确给出的信息，要结合芒奇金人获得自由的线索反向推导女巫之前的行为；第4题是词义猜测题，结合前后文的感谢语境就能推断出生词的含义。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"When Dorothy woke up—she did not know how much later—the house was on the ground. It was in a field full of flowers"，可知多萝西醒来时房子在开满鲜花的田野里，B选项的“山上”、C选项的“河里”、D选项的“远离堪萨斯的农场”原文均未提及，因此选A。
2. 信息排序题：梳理原文事件先后：首先多萝西醒来后发现自己还在床下，对应事件④；之后她起身离开房子，惊讶地看到几个小矮人，对应事件①；随后小矮人上前感谢她杀死了东方邪恶女巫，对应事件③；最后小矮人指向房子，多萝西看到东方女巫的两只脚露在房子底下，对应事件②。因此正确顺序为④①③②，选C。
3. 推理判断题：根据原文中小矮人说的"We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch of the East. Now our people are free"，可知东方女巫死去后芒奇金人才获得自由，反向说明此前东方女巫一直压迫芒奇金人，对他们很不友善。A选项女巫试图杀害多萝西、B选项东方女巫是北方女巫的朋友、C选项多萝西此前听说过这个女巫，原文均无对应依据，因此选D。
4. 词义猜测题：前文已经提到芒奇金人明确向多萝西表达谢意，还说明女巫死去后他们获得了自由，因此芒奇金人对多萝西的态度是感激的，grateful含义为感激的，和Thankful意思一致，Hateful意为憎恨的，Helpful意为有帮助的，Believable意为可信的，均不符合语境，因此选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，事件顺序梳理，词义语境推断
【点评】
本题选取经典儿童文学《绿野仙踪》的节选片段，贴合人与社会的文学作品主题，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读常见的细节查找、事件排序、逻辑推理、词义猜测四类题型，既考察学生快速抓取原文关键信息的基础能力，也锻炼学生结合上下文推导隐含信息与生词含义的阅读素养，难度梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这篇阅读理解时，首先可以先浏览4道题干明确考点，再带着问题回到原文逐段定位对应信息：第1题是细节题，直接定位多萝西醒来后房子位置的相关原文即可选出答案；第2题是事件排序题，需要先把4个题干给出的事件分别在原文找到对应的位置，按照故事发展的先后顺序排列，再用排除法排除不符合首项的错误选项快速缩小范围；第3题是推理判断题，不能选择原文直接明确给出的信息，要结合芒奇金人获得自由的线索反向推导女巫之前的行为；第4题是词义猜测题，结合前后文的感谢语境就能推断出生词的含义。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第一段"When Dorothy woke up—she did not know how much later—the house was on the ground. It was in a field full of flowers"，可知多萝西醒来时房子在开满鲜花的田野里，B选项的“山上”、C选项的“河里”、D选项的“远离堪萨斯的农场”原文均未提及，因此选A。
2. 信息排序题：梳理原文事件先后：首先多萝西醒来后发现自己还在床下，对应事件④；之后她起身离开房子，惊讶地看到几个小矮人，对应事件①；随后小矮人上前感谢她杀死了东方邪恶女巫，对应事件③；最后小矮人指向房子，多萝西看到东方女巫的两只脚露在房子底下，对应事件②。因此正确顺序为④①③②，选C。
3. 推理判断题：根据原文中小矮人说的"We thank you for killing the Wicked Witch of the East. Now our people are free"，可知东方女巫死去后芒奇金人才获得自由，反向说明此前东方女巫一直压迫芒奇金人，对他们很不友善。A选项女巫试图杀害多萝西、B选项东方女巫是北方女巫的朋友、C选项多萝西此前听说过这个女巫，原文均无对应依据，因此选D。
4. 词义猜测题：前文已经提到芒奇金人明确向多萝西表达谢意，还说明女巫死去后他们获得了自由，因此芒奇金人对多萝西的态度是感激的，grateful含义为感激的，和Thankful意思一致，Hateful意为憎恨的，Helpful意为有帮助的，Believable意为可信的，均不符合语境，因此选B。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B
【知识点】
细节信息定位，事件顺序梳理，词义语境推断
【点评】
本题选取经典儿童文学《绿野仙踪》的节选片段，贴合人与社会的文学作品主题，考点覆盖了初中英语阅读常见的细节查找、事件排序、逻辑推理、词义猜测四类题型，既考察学生快速抓取原文关键信息的基础能力，也锻炼学生结合上下文推导隐含信息与生词含义的阅读素养，难度梯度设置合理。
【难度系数】
0.7
