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Ⅴ. 阅读表达
Have you ever heard of Death Valley (死亡谷)? It lies in the east of California, the USA. It isn’t scary as its name sounds. You can enjoy the desert sunshine there. At the same time, you can find there’s nothing out there but some special rocks called “sailing stones”. Some of the rocks in Death Valley weigh hundreds of pounds. And on the ground behind each rock is a special trail (痕迹). It seems that the rock has been pushed along in the sand.
It was nearly 100 years ago that the “sailing stones” were reported for the first time. People have been trying to find out the stones’ secret ever since. Until the 1990s, one widely accepted (公认的) idea was that the rocks were trapped in pieces of ice that were being blown across the desert. However, research showed that to move such large ice sheets, the wind would have to blow at hundreds of miles per hour. There were winds in Death Valley, but not that strong.
Then in 2006, a scientist named Ralph Lorenz expressed his idea. He said that in winter, thick ice forms around the rocks. When the ground begins to thaw (解冻), the rocks, wearing ice, sail along and leave trails behind them. Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen for the purpose of showing his idea was correct.
Has Lorenz succeeded (成功) in solving the mystery (神秘) of the sailing stones? Perhaps. On the other hand, neither Lorenz nor anybody else has ever actually seen the stones move. Maybe it was aliens (外星人) who moved the stones.
回答下面的问题，每题答案不超过 10 个词。
19. Where is Death Valley?
20. What can you find in this valley according to the passage?
21. When were the “sailing stones” reported for the first time?
22. Why couldn’t the wind move such large ice pieces according to the research?
23. How did Ralph Lorenz show his idea was correct?
Have you ever heard of Death Valley (死亡谷)? It lies in the east of California, the USA. It isn’t scary as its name sounds. You can enjoy the desert sunshine there. At the same time, you can find there’s nothing out there but some special rocks called “sailing stones”. Some of the rocks in Death Valley weigh hundreds of pounds. And on the ground behind each rock is a special trail (痕迹). It seems that the rock has been pushed along in the sand.
It was nearly 100 years ago that the “sailing stones” were reported for the first time. People have been trying to find out the stones’ secret ever since. Until the 1990s, one widely accepted (公认的) idea was that the rocks were trapped in pieces of ice that were being blown across the desert. However, research showed that to move such large ice sheets, the wind would have to blow at hundreds of miles per hour. There were winds in Death Valley, but not that strong.
Then in 2006, a scientist named Ralph Lorenz expressed his idea. He said that in winter, thick ice forms around the rocks. When the ground begins to thaw (解冻), the rocks, wearing ice, sail along and leave trails behind them. Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen for the purpose of showing his idea was correct.
Has Lorenz succeeded (成功) in solving the mystery (神秘) of the sailing stones? Perhaps. On the other hand, neither Lorenz nor anybody else has ever actually seen the stones move. Maybe it was aliens (外星人) who moved the stones.
回答下面的问题，每题答案不超过 10 个词。
19. Where is Death Valley?
In the east of California, the USA.
20. What can you find in this valley according to the passage?
Sailing stones.
21. When were the “sailing stones” reported for the first time?
Nearly 100 years ago.
22. Why couldn’t the wind move such large ice pieces according to the research?
Because the wind wasn't strong enough.
23. How did Ralph Lorenz show his idea was correct?
By doing a test in his kitchen.
答案
Ⅴ.[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了美国死亡谷的“风帆石”及其移动之谜,并提及了相关的推测和研究。
19. In the east of California, the USA. 根据第一段中“It lies in the east of California, the USA.”可知,死亡谷位于美国加利福尼亚州东部。
20. Sailing stones. 根据第一段中“...you can find there's nothing out there but some special rocks called ‘sailing stones’.”可知,在这个谷里你能发现“风帆石”。
21. Nearly 100 years ago. 根据第二段中“It was nearly 100 years ago that the ‘sailing stones’ were reported for the first time.”可知,首次报道“风帆石”的时间是近 100 年前。
22. Because the wind wasn't strong enough. 根据第二段中“...the wind would have to blow at hundreds of miles per hour. There were winds in Death Valley, but not that strong.”可知,因为风的强度不够,无法推动大冰块。
23. By doing a test in his kitchen. 根据第三段中“Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen for the purpose of showing his idea was correct.”可知,他通过在厨房做实验来证明自己的观点。
19. In the east of California, the USA. 根据第一段中“It lies in the east of California, the USA.”可知,死亡谷位于美国加利福尼亚州东部。
20. Sailing stones. 根据第一段中“...you can find there's nothing out there but some special rocks called ‘sailing stones’.”可知,在这个谷里你能发现“风帆石”。
21. Nearly 100 years ago. 根据第二段中“It was nearly 100 years ago that the ‘sailing stones’ were reported for the first time.”可知,首次报道“风帆石”的时间是近 100 年前。
22. Because the wind wasn't strong enough. 根据第二段中“...the wind would have to blow at hundreds of miles per hour. There were winds in Death Valley, but not that strong.”可知,因为风的强度不够,无法推动大冰块。
23. By doing a test in his kitchen. 根据第三段中“Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen for the purpose of showing his idea was correct.”可知,他通过在厨房做实验来证明自己的观点。
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，解题思路为：先明确每个问题的核心关键词，带着关键词回原文定位对应语句，提取符合“答案不超过10个词”要求的内容，确保答案与原文信息完全匹配。
【解析】
19. 问题关键词为“Where”“Death Valley”，定位到第一段第二句“It lies in the east of California, the USA.”，提取对应答案；
20. 问题关键词为“find in this valley”，定位到第一段“you can find there’s nothing out there but some special rocks called ‘sailing stones’”，提取核心内容；
21. 问题关键词为“when”“reported for the first time”，定位到第二段第一句“It was nearly 100 years ago that the ‘sailing stones’ were reported for the first time.”，提取时间信息；
22. 问题关键词为“why”“wind couldn’t move large ice pieces”，定位到第二段最后一句“but not that strong”，结合前文说明风需极强风力，提炼原因；
23. 问题关键词为“how”“show his idea correct”，定位到第三段最后一句“Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen”，提取方式；
【答案】
19. In the east of California, the USA.
20. Sailing stones.
21. Nearly 100 years ago.
22. Because the wind wasn't strong enough.
23. By doing a test in his kitchen.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节题，信息定位
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解细节题，答案均来自原文原句，只需精准定位即可作答，难度较低，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题为英语阅读理解细节题，解题思路为：先明确每个问题的核心关键词，带着关键词回原文定位对应语句，提取符合“答案不超过10个词”要求的内容，确保答案与原文信息完全匹配。
【解析】
19. 问题关键词为“Where”“Death Valley”，定位到第一段第二句“It lies in the east of California, the USA.”，提取对应答案；
20. 问题关键词为“find in this valley”，定位到第一段“you can find there’s nothing out there but some special rocks called ‘sailing stones’”，提取核心内容；
21. 问题关键词为“when”“reported for the first time”，定位到第二段第一句“It was nearly 100 years ago that the ‘sailing stones’ were reported for the first time.”，提取时间信息；
22. 问题关键词为“why”“wind couldn’t move large ice pieces”，定位到第二段最后一句“but not that strong”，结合前文说明风需极强风力，提炼原因；
23. 问题关键词为“how”“show his idea correct”，定位到第三段最后一句“Lorenz even did a test in his own kitchen”，提取方式；
【答案】
19. In the east of California, the USA.
20. Sailing stones.
21. Nearly 100 years ago.
22. Because the wind wasn't strong enough.
23. By doing a test in his kitchen.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节题，信息定位
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解细节题，答案均来自原文原句，只需精准定位即可作答，难度较低，适合初中阶段学生巩固基础。
【难度系数】
0.6
