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二、阅读理解。（每小题4分，共20分）
活动开篇，学校邀请环保领域的老师围绕气候变化开展科普讲座，通过讲座，同学们认识到四季的美好需要我们共同守护，同时奠定了“敬畏自然、守护四季”的基调。
Climate change has caused serious health problems around the world. More and more people have paid attention to the problems caused by climate change.
Terrible events such as high temperatures, floods, and wildfires usually happen around the world. For example, there was heavy rain in Liaoning in 2024 and long hot days in the south that year. These events destroyed houses as well as farmland and made people move. In 2025, floods caused more than 400 deaths in China. Over 1.7 million Chinese needed to move to safe places and were in need of help because of floods.
Another big problem is air pollution. It's getting worse because of wildfires and the use of oil and coal. What's more, climate change makes Beijing's pollen seasons longer and worse. The spring pollen season in Beijing in 2024 started on 15th March. Its 2025 spring pollen season came 4 to 7 days earlier than in 2024. When storms come, they break pollen into very small pieces. These small pieces easily get into people's noses and throats. ▲ All these changes are especially bad for children and old people.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has worked with countries. They want to build a healthy system that is good for the environment. This includes training doctors, providing good medical machines and making low-carbon(低碳的) projects. For example, some countries are using green energy like solar power to supply electricity to hospitals so as to cut pollution.
Now, countries around the world are making efforts for this. By joining efforts in energy, environmental protection and public health, the world can be better.
1. When the writer talks about the floods in 2025, the numbers are mentioned to
A. show that China has more floods than other countries
B. show that people hate living in flood areas
C. compare the numbers between 2024 and 2025
D. show floods are harmful to people
2. When did Beijing's 2025 spring pollen season most probably begin?
A. On 10th March.
B. On 15th March.
C. On 25th March.
D. On 5th April.
3. 创新考法 句子还原 Which of the following can be put in "▲" in Paragraph 3?
A. Instead, the air becomes clean and fresh.
B. As a result, people may have breathing problems.
C. Instead, these small pieces make our body stronger.
D. As a result, storms are caused and bring people trouble.
4. What does the underlined word "supply" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Express.
B. Hold.
C. Offer.
D. Teach.
5. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Climate change and health problems
B. How to stop terrible weather
C. How to deal with air pollution
D. The World Health Organization
活动开篇，学校邀请环保领域的老师围绕气候变化开展科普讲座，通过讲座，同学们认识到四季的美好需要我们共同守护，同时奠定了“敬畏自然、守护四季”的基调。
Climate change has caused serious health problems around the world. More and more people have paid attention to the problems caused by climate change.
Terrible events such as high temperatures, floods, and wildfires usually happen around the world. For example, there was heavy rain in Liaoning in 2024 and long hot days in the south that year. These events destroyed houses as well as farmland and made people move. In 2025, floods caused more than 400 deaths in China. Over 1.7 million Chinese needed to move to safe places and were in need of help because of floods.
Another big problem is air pollution. It's getting worse because of wildfires and the use of oil and coal. What's more, climate change makes Beijing's pollen seasons longer and worse. The spring pollen season in Beijing in 2024 started on 15th March. Its 2025 spring pollen season came 4 to 7 days earlier than in 2024. When storms come, they break pollen into very small pieces. These small pieces easily get into people's noses and throats. ▲ All these changes are especially bad for children and old people.
The World Health Organization (WHO) has worked with countries. They want to build a healthy system that is good for the environment. This includes training doctors, providing good medical machines and making low-carbon(低碳的) projects. For example, some countries are using green energy like solar power to supply electricity to hospitals so as to cut pollution.
Now, countries around the world are making efforts for this. By joining efforts in energy, environmental protection and public health, the world can be better.
1. When the writer talks about the floods in 2025, the numbers are mentioned to
D
.A. show that China has more floods than other countries
B. show that people hate living in flood areas
C. compare the numbers between 2024 and 2025
D. show floods are harmful to people
2. When did Beijing's 2025 spring pollen season most probably begin?
A. On 10th March.
B. On 15th March.
C. On 25th March.
D. On 5th April.
3. 创新考法 句子还原 Which of the following can be put in "▲" in Paragraph 3?
A. Instead, the air becomes clean and fresh.
B. As a result, people may have breathing problems.
C. Instead, these small pieces make our body stronger.
D. As a result, storms are caused and bring people trouble.
4. What does the underlined word "supply" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Express.
B. Hold.
C. Offer.
D. Teach.
5. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Climate change and health problems
B. How to stop terrible weather
C. How to deal with air pollution
D. The World Health Organization
答案
1. D 推理判断题。根据“In 2025, floods caused more than 400 deaths in China. Over 1.7 million Chinese needed to move to safe places ...”可知，这些数字是为了说明洪水对人类的危害。
2. A 推理判断题。根据“The spring pollen season in Beijing in 2024 started on 15th March. Its 2025 spring pollen season came 4 to 7 days earlier than in 2024.”可知，3月15日往前推4～7天，最可能是3月10日。
3. B 句子还原题。前文提到这些小颗粒容易进入人的鼻子和喉咙，后文衔接其危害，B项符合逻辑。
4. C 词义猜测题。根据 using green energy like solar power to supply electricity to hospitals 可知，supply 意为“提供”，与 offer 同义。
5. A 标题概括题。文章围绕“气候变化带来的健康问题”展开，A项为最佳标题。
2. A 推理判断题。根据“The spring pollen season in Beijing in 2024 started on 15th March. Its 2025 spring pollen season came 4 to 7 days earlier than in 2024.”可知，3月15日往前推4～7天，最可能是3月10日。
3. B 句子还原题。前文提到这些小颗粒容易进入人的鼻子和喉咙，后文衔接其危害，B项符合逻辑。
4. C 词义猜测题。根据 using green energy like solar power to supply electricity to hospitals 可知，supply 意为“提供”，与 offer 同义。
5. A 标题概括题。文章围绕“气候变化带来的健康问题”展开，A项为最佳标题。
解析
【分析】
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先快速通读全文，明确文章核心围绕气候变化引发的各类健康相关问题展开，后续逐题带着题干关键词回原文定位对应段落，逐一比对选项和原文信息：第1题定位到提及2025年洪水数据的段落，分析数字的表达目的；第2题定位到北京花粉季相关的时间描述，做简单日期推算即可；第3题结合空格前后的内容逻辑，选出衔接最顺畅的句子；第4题结合划线词所在的语境猜测词义；第5题梳理全文核心内容，排除片面的选项选出最合适的标题。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第三段“In 2025, floods caused more than 400 deaths in China. Over 1.7 million Chinese needed to move to safe places and were in need of help because of floods.”，这些数据体现了洪水造成人员死亡、大量群众被迫转移，目的是说明洪水对人类的危害。A选项文中没有将中国洪水和其他国家做对比，表述错误；B选项文中没有提及人们讨厌住在洪水区域，无中生有；C选项没有提到2024年的洪水数据做对比，不符合原文；D选项符合原文逻辑，为正确答案。
2. 定位原文第四段“The spring pollen season in Beijing in 2024 started on 15th March. Its 2025 spring pollen season came 4 to 7 days earlier than in 2024.”，2024年花粉季开始于3月15日，提前4到7天推算下来是3月8日到3月11日之间，选项里只有3月10日符合这个区间，其余选项均不符合时间要求。
3. 空格前内容提到“这些小颗粒很容易进入人的鼻子和喉咙”，空格后说明所有这些变化对老人和孩子尤其不好，中间需要衔接小颗粒进入呼吸道带来的危害。A选项“空气变得干净清新”和前文逻辑相反；B选项“结果人们可能会出现呼吸问题”，完美承接前文小颗粒进入鼻喉的内容，也能引出后文对弱势群体有害的表述，逻辑通顺；C选项“这些小颗粒让我们身体更强壮”和后文内容矛盾；D选项“引发风暴给人们带来麻烦”和前文“风暴已经把花粉打碎”的表述逻辑颠倒，因此选B。
4. 划线词所在句含义为“部分国家用太阳能这类绿色能源给医院供电，以此减少污染”，supply在这里的含义是“提供、供应”，A选项Express意为表达，B选项Hold意为握住/举办，C选项Offer意为提供，D选项Teach意为教，只有C符合词义要求。
5. 全文开篇就点明气候变化在全球引发了严重的健康问题，后续分别介绍了极端灾害、空气污染、花粉季提前等气候变化带来的健康相关影响，最后介绍WHO和各国的应对措施，核心主题是气候变化和健康问题。B选项“如何阻止恶劣天气”不是文章重点论述内容；C选项“如何处理空气污染”只是文中提及的一个局部问题，不能概括全文；D选项“世界卫生组织”只是文中提到的参与应对的主体，无法覆盖全文内容，因此A是最佳标题。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A
【知识点】
细节推理判断，词义猜测，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题属于环保主题的常考阅读理解题型，考点覆盖全面，既考查学生定位原文细节信息的基础能力，也考查逻辑衔接推理、主旨概括的综合能力，错误选项干扰性不强，只要学生紧扣原文内容不主观臆断，很容易选出正确答案，同时也能帮助学生建立气候变化相关的环保常识。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这篇阅读理解时，首先先快速通读全文，明确文章核心围绕气候变化引发的各类健康相关问题展开，后续逐题带着题干关键词回原文定位对应段落，逐一比对选项和原文信息：第1题定位到提及2025年洪水数据的段落，分析数字的表达目的；第2题定位到北京花粉季相关的时间描述，做简单日期推算即可；第3题结合空格前后的内容逻辑，选出衔接最顺畅的句子；第4题结合划线词所在的语境猜测词义；第5题梳理全文核心内容，排除片面的选项选出最合适的标题。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第三段“In 2025, floods caused more than 400 deaths in China. Over 1.7 million Chinese needed to move to safe places and were in need of help because of floods.”，这些数据体现了洪水造成人员死亡、大量群众被迫转移，目的是说明洪水对人类的危害。A选项文中没有将中国洪水和其他国家做对比，表述错误；B选项文中没有提及人们讨厌住在洪水区域，无中生有；C选项没有提到2024年的洪水数据做对比，不符合原文；D选项符合原文逻辑，为正确答案。
2. 定位原文第四段“The spring pollen season in Beijing in 2024 started on 15th March. Its 2025 spring pollen season came 4 to 7 days earlier than in 2024.”，2024年花粉季开始于3月15日，提前4到7天推算下来是3月8日到3月11日之间，选项里只有3月10日符合这个区间，其余选项均不符合时间要求。
3. 空格前内容提到“这些小颗粒很容易进入人的鼻子和喉咙”，空格后说明所有这些变化对老人和孩子尤其不好，中间需要衔接小颗粒进入呼吸道带来的危害。A选项“空气变得干净清新”和前文逻辑相反；B选项“结果人们可能会出现呼吸问题”，完美承接前文小颗粒进入鼻喉的内容，也能引出后文对弱势群体有害的表述，逻辑通顺；C选项“这些小颗粒让我们身体更强壮”和后文内容矛盾；D选项“引发风暴给人们带来麻烦”和前文“风暴已经把花粉打碎”的表述逻辑颠倒，因此选B。
4. 划线词所在句含义为“部分国家用太阳能这类绿色能源给医院供电，以此减少污染”，supply在这里的含义是“提供、供应”，A选项Express意为表达，B选项Hold意为握住/举办，C选项Offer意为提供，D选项Teach意为教，只有C符合词义要求。
5. 全文开篇就点明气候变化在全球引发了严重的健康问题，后续分别介绍了极端灾害、空气污染、花粉季提前等气候变化带来的健康相关影响，最后介绍WHO和各国的应对措施，核心主题是气候变化和健康问题。B选项“如何阻止恶劣天气”不是文章重点论述内容；C选项“如何处理空气污染”只是文中提及的一个局部问题，不能概括全文；D选项“世界卫生组织”只是文中提到的参与应对的主体，无法覆盖全文内容，因此A是最佳标题。
【答案】
1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A
【知识点】
细节推理判断，词义猜测，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题属于环保主题的常考阅读理解题型，考点覆盖全面，既考查学生定位原文细节信息的基础能力，也考查逻辑衔接推理、主旨概括的综合能力，错误选项干扰性不强，只要学生紧扣原文内容不主观臆断，很容易选出正确答案，同时也能帮助学生建立气候变化相关的环保常识。
【难度系数】
0.7
