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二、阅读理解
In late June 2018, the weather report said there would be heavy rain in western Japan, but no one was prepared for what would happen. By mid-July, large areas were flooded. Some areas received over 100 centimetres of rain. Cars and trucks floated down the streets. Whole buildings were washed away. At least 225 people died, and millions had to leave their homes.
The weather is changing. Over the last few years, heavy rains caused floods in many parts of the world. There were droughts in Brazil and Australia. High temperatures in Europe killed thousands. There were more hurricanes in America.
As more wild weather events happen, people are asking questions: What is happening with the weather? And why? Is this natural, or are we to blame?
The answer seems to be: a little of both. Wild weather is natural. But most scientists believe human activity makes the earth warmer. The higher temperatures cause more water to enter the air. This causes heavier rain. Many scientists also believe global warming makes more hurricanes and other storms stronger.
This means we will see more wild weather. "But we don't have to just stand there and do nothing," says scientist Michael Oppenheimer. He and other scientists say we need to stop the earth from getting warmer. We also need to be prepared and do things that will help save lives.
(
A. give examples of natural disasters
B. describe the big flood in Japan
C. show how the weather will change
D. ask people to protect the earth
(
A. Human activity.
B. A dangerous storm.
C. More wild weather.
D. The loss caused by bad weather.
(
A. It's too late to protect the earth.
B. We should do something to stop global warming.
C. There are no ways to prevent natural disasters.
D. Stand there patiently, and we can save our lives.
(
A. Scientists try to find out why the weather is changing.
B. There were many natural disasters around the world last year.
C. Global warming causes wild weather and we should take action.
D. A terrible flood hit Japan and made lots of people leave their homes.
In late June 2018, the weather report said there would be heavy rain in western Japan, but no one was prepared for what would happen. By mid-July, large areas were flooded. Some areas received over 100 centimetres of rain. Cars and trucks floated down the streets. Whole buildings were washed away. At least 225 people died, and millions had to leave their homes.
The weather is changing. Over the last few years, heavy rains caused floods in many parts of the world. There were droughts in Brazil and Australia. High temperatures in Europe killed thousands. There were more hurricanes in America.
As more wild weather events happen, people are asking questions: What is happening with the weather? And why? Is this natural, or are we to blame?
The answer seems to be: a little of both. Wild weather is natural. But most scientists believe human activity makes the earth warmer. The higher temperatures cause more water to enter the air. This causes heavier rain. Many scientists also believe global warming makes more hurricanes and other storms stronger.
This means we will see more wild weather. "But we don't have to just stand there and do nothing," says scientist Michael Oppenheimer. He and other scientists say we need to stop the earth from getting warmer. We also need to be prepared and do things that will help save lives.
(
A
) 1. The writer writes paragraph 2 to .A. give examples of natural disasters
B. describe the big flood in Japan
C. show how the weather will change
D. ask people to protect the earth
(
C
) 2. What does the underlined word "this" in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Human activity.
B. A dangerous storm.
C. More wild weather.
D. The loss caused by bad weather.
(
B
) 3. Which of the following may Michael want to tell us?A. It's too late to protect the earth.
B. We should do something to stop global warming.
C. There are no ways to prevent natural disasters.
D. Stand there patiently, and we can save our lives.
(
C
) 4. What's the main idea of the article?A. Scientists try to find out why the weather is changing.
B. There were many natural disasters around the world last year.
C. Global warming causes wild weather and we should take action.
D. A terrible flood hit Japan and made lots of people leave their homes.
答案
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C
解析
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需通过定位原文关键信息，分析段落目的、词义指代、人物观点及文章主旨来解题。第1题需分析第二段列举的自然灾害例子的作用；第2题需结合上下文推断代词指代内容；第3题需定位Michael的观点句；第4题需梳理全文核心内容确定主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第二段列举了巴西干旱、欧洲高温、美国飓风等世界各地的自然灾害例子，目的是说明自然灾害的普遍性，对应选项A。
2. 第2题：第三段前一句提到“more wild weather events”，结合语境，代词“this”指代前文的“更多极端天气事件”，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：最后一段Michael提到“we need to stop the earth from getting warmer”，即呼吁阻止全球变暖，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：文章先介绍极端天气事件，分析原因是全球变暖，最后呼吁采取行动，主旨为全球变暖导致极端天气，我们应采取措施，对应选项C。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕气候变化与极端天气展开，考查学生对英语文章细节、逻辑及主旨的理解，需学生精准定位原文信息，理清段落间的关联，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
本题为英语阅读理解题，需通过定位原文关键信息，分析段落目的、词义指代、人物观点及文章主旨来解题。第1题需分析第二段列举的自然灾害例子的作用；第2题需结合上下文推断代词指代内容；第3题需定位Michael的观点句；第4题需梳理全文核心内容确定主旨。
【解析】
1. 第1题：第二段列举了巴西干旱、欧洲高温、美国飓风等世界各地的自然灾害例子，目的是说明自然灾害的普遍性，对应选项A。
2. 第2题：第三段前一句提到“more wild weather events”，结合语境，代词“this”指代前文的“更多极端天气事件”，对应选项C。
3. 第3题：最后一段Michael提到“we need to stop the earth from getting warmer”，即呼吁阻止全球变暖，对应选项B。
4. 第4题：文章先介绍极端天气事件，分析原因是全球变暖，最后呼吁采取行动，主旨为全球变暖导致极端天气，我们应采取措施，对应选项C。
【答案】
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、词义猜测、主旨大意
【点评】
本题围绕气候变化与极端天气展开，考查学生对英语文章细节、逻辑及主旨的理解，需学生精准定位原文信息，理清段落间的关联，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
