2026年5年中考3年模拟八年级英语上册沪教版第63页答案
Ⅳ.阅读还原
阅读短文,从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,其中有一个多余的选项。
Peter is very interested in reading stories of Confucius recently. Please match the following classical stories with the most proper sayings from The Analects of Confucius.
15 Emperor Taizong of Tang took Wei Zheng's advice and he often said, "With bronze as a mirror, one can dress aright; With the past as a mirror, one can know history well; With peers as a mirror, one can see wrong from right."
16 During the Three Kingdoms Period, Zhuge Liang untied Meng Huo and fed him with wine and meat. Then he set Meng Huo free and told him to get ready to fight.
17 Einstein spent years proving his theories right and he never drew a conclusion in a rush in case he would make a wrong decision.
18 Zengzi's wife promised to kill the pig to comfort the crying kid. When she came back from the market, she saw that Zengzi tied up the pig and prepared to kill it.
19 Yu Liang raised a very fierce and bad-tempered horse. So his servants advised him to sell the horse to others. But he refused and said, "If I sell it to others, they will also be in danger."
A.Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself.
B.One should always be true in words and resolute(坚决的) in deeds.
C.Think twice before you act.
D.If there are three men walking together, one of them must be qualified to be my teacher.
E.Repay resentment(怨恨) with justice.
F.All men are brothers within the four seas.
15.
D
16.
E
17.
C
18.
B
19.
A

答案

Ⅳ.[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了几则小故事以及其对应的《论语》中的格言。
15.D 唐太宗说:“以铜为镜,可以正衣冠;以史为镜,可以知兴替;以人为镜,可以知得失。”选项D“三人行,必有我师焉”符合题意。
16.E 诸葛亮并没有杀害孟获,而是为他松绑,并好好招待。选项E“以直报怨”符合题意。
17.C 爱因斯坦在下结论之前花费很多时间验证,选项C“三思而后行”符合题意。
18.B 此处讲的是《曾子杀猪》的故事,告诉我们要言而有信,选项B“言必信,行必果”符合题意。
19.A 庾亮有一匹很凶悍的马,他的仆人劝他把马卖掉,但庾亮认为这样做会危害买主,因此他不肯卖掉,选项A“己所不欲,勿施于人”符合题意。

解析

【分析】
解题时需先提炼每个故事的核心主旨,再理解方框内《论语》格言的含义,将两者精准匹配。具体步骤:1. 通读各小题的故事,明确其核心思想;2. 逐一分析方框内选项格言的内涵;3. 把故事核心与格言含义对应,选出最佳选项,注意排除多余选项。
【解析】
15. 唐太宗的话强调以他人为参照,即他人可作为自己学习的对象,对应选项D“三人行,必有我师焉”;
16. 诸葛亮对待曾敌对的孟获采用公正方式(释放并善待),对应选项E“以直报怨”;
17. 爱因斯坦花费大量时间验证理论、不急于下结论,体现谨慎行事的态度,对应选项C“三思而后行”;
18. 曾子兑现妻子的承诺杀猪,体现说话算数、行动坚决的品质,对应选项B“言必信,行必果”;
19. 庾亮不将自己不愿承受的危险(凶马)转嫁给他人,对应选项A“己所不欲,勿施于人”。
【答案】
15.D 16.E 17.C 18.B 19.A
【知识点】
《论语》名句理解、故事主旨匹配
【点评】
本题结合历史故事考查《论语》经典语句的含义,既考查学生对文言名句的掌握,又考查对故事主旨的提炼能力,是常见的语言运用类题目。
【难度系数】
0.5
Ⅴ.语篇填词
「2026 广东广州天河期末」
阅读短文,根据上下文和所给的首字母写出所缺单词。注意使用正确形式,每空限填一词。
Tian Ji, a general of the Qi State, loved horse racing and often competed with the king. However, he always lost the races. He 20.w
ondered
how to win the race.
So he went to see his best friend, Sun Bin, who was an 21.e
xpert
at making clever battle plans. "What do you 22.a
dvise
me to do, my dear friend?" he asked. "Here is a perfect plan just for you!" Sun Bin told him the plan 23.s
ecretly
. In the next race, Tian Ji used his 24.w
orst
horse to run against the king's best one, and it lost at once. But later Tian Ji used his best horse to beat the king's second-best, and his second-best against the king's slowest. With Sun Bin's wonderful and 25.w
ise
trick, Tian Ji won two out of the three races and got a big prize.

答案

V.[语篇解读] 本文主要讲述了齐国将军田忌与齐王赛马的故事。田忌经常与齐王赛马但总是输,后来他向擅长制订作战计划的孙膑请教,孙膑给出了一个绝妙的计划,最终田忌赢得了三场比赛中的两场并获得了大奖。
20.wondered 根据“how to win the race”及首字母提示可知,此处表示他想知道如何赢得比赛,wonder意为“想知道”,且根据“he always lost the races”可知,时态为一般过去时,因此用wonder的过去式wondered。故填wondered。
21.expert 根据语境可知,此处表示孙膑是制订精妙作战计划的高手,expert意为“专家,能手”,且根据an可知,此处用单数形式。故填expert。
以读促写 So he went to see his best friend, Sun Bin, who was an expert at making clever battle plans.于是他去看望了他最好的朋友孙膑,孙膑是制订精妙作战计划的高手。
22.advise 根据“Here is a perfect plan just for you!”及首字母提示可知,此处是在询问对方的建议,advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”,且根据asked可知,时态为一般过去时,但此处位于助动词do后,因此用动词原形。故填advise。
23.secretly 根据“Here is a perfect plan just for you!”以及后文田忌按照计划赢得比赛可知,此处表示孙膑偷偷地告诉了他这个计划,结合首字母提示可知,secretly符合语境,故填secretly。
24.worst 根据“and it lost at once”以及“But later Tian Ji used his best horse to beat the king’s second-best, and his second-best against the king’s slowest.”可知,此处表示田忌用他最差的马与国王最好的马比赛,结合首字母提示可知,worst符合语境,故填worst。
25.wise 根据“Sun Bin’s wonderful and...trick”及首字母提示可知,此处表示孙膑的计谋既精彩又明智,wise意为“明智的”,符合语境,故填wise。

解析

【分析】做语篇填词题时,需先通读短文把握核心语境,再结合每个空的首字母提示,同时关注句子的时态、词性要求,匹配合适的单词并调整为正确形式。本题围绕“田忌赛马”的历史故事展开,逐空分析时要结合上下文逻辑确定单词含义,再根据语法规则变形。
【解析】
20. 前文提到田忌总是输赛马,后文接“how to win the race”及首字母w,可知此处表示“想知道”,结合一般过去时的时态要求,填wonder的过去式wondered。
21. 此处描述孙膑是制定作战计划的能手,首字母e,且前面有不定冠词an,填名词expert(专家、能手)。
22. 孙膑给出计划后,田忌询问“你建议我做什么”,首字母a,助动词do后用动词原形,填advise(符合advise sb. to do sth.结构)。
23. 孙膑将计划告知田忌,结合语境是“偷偷地”,首字母s,修饰动词told用副词secretly。
24. 后文提到用最好、第二好的马比赛,此处对应“最差的马”,首字母w,填bad的最高级worst。
25. 修饰名词trick,与wonderful并列,首字母w,填形容词wise(明智的)。
【答案】20. wondered;21. expert;22. advise;23. secretly;24. worst;25. wise
【知识点】英语语篇填词;词汇运用;词性与时态
【点评】本题以经典历史故事为载体,考察学生对语境的理解、核心词汇的掌握及语法变形能力,是常见的英语期末语篇填空题型,贴近学生学习内容。
【难度系数】0.7