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Ⅵ.短文还原
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mushrooms（蘑菇）are delicious, fantastic, and sometimes dangerous. But, no matter how（无论）you may feel about them, they play a big role in our world. Here are some fun facts to help you know more about mushrooms.
Many people think that mushrooms are vegetables. 23 They aren't even plants. They are a kind of fungus（真菌）. Different from plants, they do not need the sun to grow.
24 They may be white, red, yellow, blue, pink, orange, green, brown or black.
They also have different shapes. The most common kinds look like little umbrellas. 25 Some look like small balls. Some may look like stars or birds' eggs.
26 There are about 160,000 kinds of mushrooms in the world. Some kinds of mushrooms can be delicious food, but some are poisonous（有毒的）. If someone eats poisonous mushrooms by mistake, he or she might have serious health problems and could even die.
Mushrooms are more than just food. 27 For example, some of them can be good for the heart. What's more, people can use mushrooms to make dyes（染料）. The dyes are friendly to the environment. Now many people around the world are trying them.
How fantastic mushrooms are!
A. They can also be medicine.
B. Mushrooms have different colours.
C. In fact, they are not vegetables or fruits.
D. Mushrooms grow all over the world.
E. You can also see many mushrooms in special shapes.
23.
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Mushrooms（蘑菇）are delicious, fantastic, and sometimes dangerous. But, no matter how（无论）you may feel about them, they play a big role in our world. Here are some fun facts to help you know more about mushrooms.
Many people think that mushrooms are vegetables. 23 They aren't even plants. They are a kind of fungus（真菌）. Different from plants, they do not need the sun to grow.
24 They may be white, red, yellow, blue, pink, orange, green, brown or black.
They also have different shapes. The most common kinds look like little umbrellas. 25 Some look like small balls. Some may look like stars or birds' eggs.
26 There are about 160,000 kinds of mushrooms in the world. Some kinds of mushrooms can be delicious food, but some are poisonous（有毒的）. If someone eats poisonous mushrooms by mistake, he or she might have serious health problems and could even die.
Mushrooms are more than just food. 27 For example, some of them can be good for the heart. What's more, people can use mushrooms to make dyes（染料）. The dyes are friendly to the environment. Now many people around the world are trying them.
How fantastic mushrooms are!
A. They can also be medicine.
B. Mushrooms have different colours.
C. In fact, they are not vegetables or fruits.
D. Mushrooms grow all over the world.
E. You can also see many mushrooms in special shapes.
23.
C
24. B
25. E
26. D
27. A
答案
Ⅵ.[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了蘑菇的相关信息。
23.C 根据其前的"许多人认为蘑菇是蔬菜"和其后的"它们甚至不是植物"可推知,所缺的句子和蘑菇的所属类别有关,选项C(事实上,它们不是蔬菜或水果)符合题意。
24.B 根据其后的"它们可能是白色的、红色的……"可知,所缺的句子和蘑菇的颜色有关,选项B(蘑菇有不同的颜色)符合题意。
25.E 根据其后的"一些看起来像小球,一些可能看起来像星星或鸟蛋"可知,所缺的句子和蘑菇的形状有关,选项E(你还可以看到许多形状特别的蘑菇)符合题意。
26.D 根据其后的"世界上有大约16万种蘑菇"可知,所缺的句子和全世界范围的蘑菇有关,选项D(蘑菇生长在世界各地)符合题意。
27.A 根据其前的"蘑菇不只是食物"和其后的"例如,它们中的一些对心脏好"可知,所缺的句子与蘑菇的其他用途有关,选项A(它们也可以是药物)符合题意。
23.C 根据其前的"许多人认为蘑菇是蔬菜"和其后的"它们甚至不是植物"可推知,所缺的句子和蘑菇的所属类别有关,选项C(事实上,它们不是蔬菜或水果)符合题意。
24.B 根据其后的"它们可能是白色的、红色的……"可知,所缺的句子和蘑菇的颜色有关,选项B(蘑菇有不同的颜色)符合题意。
25.E 根据其后的"一些看起来像小球,一些可能看起来像星星或鸟蛋"可知,所缺的句子和蘑菇的形状有关,选项E(你还可以看到许多形状特别的蘑菇)符合题意。
26.D 根据其后的"世界上有大约16万种蘑菇"可知,所缺的句子和全世界范围的蘑菇有关,选项D(蘑菇生长在世界各地)符合题意。
27.A 根据其前的"蘑菇不只是食物"和其后的"例如,它们中的一些对心脏好"可知,所缺的句子与蘑菇的其他用途有关,选项A(它们也可以是药物)符合题意。
解析
【分析】做短文还原题时，需先通读全文把握主旨（本文介绍蘑菇的相关知识），再逐一分析空格前后句子的语义与逻辑关系，结合选项匹配语境：23题前句提到“很多人认为蘑菇是蔬菜”，后句说明“它们甚至不是植物”，需衔接“不属于蔬菜/水果”的内容；24题后句列举多种颜色，需对应颜色相关的表述；25题后句描述蘑菇的不同形状，需对应形状相关的内容；26题后句提及“世界上有16万种蘑菇”，需对应蘑菇的全球分布；27题前句说“蘑菇不只是食物”，后句举例其对心脏有益，需对应蘑菇的其他用途。
【解析】1. 23空：前句“Many people think that mushrooms are vegetables.”与后句“They aren't even plants.”存在转折，选项C“事实上，它们不是蔬菜或水果”衔接上下文，说明蘑菇的真实类别，符合逻辑，故选C。2. 24空：后句列举蘑菇的多种颜色，选项B“蘑菇有不同的颜色”引出下文对颜色的描述，起到过渡作用，故选B。3. 25空：后句描述蘑菇的不同形状（小球、星星等），选项E“你还可以看到许多形状特别的蘑菇”衔接下文形状的举例，符合语境，故选E。4. 26空：后句提到“世界上有大约16万种蘑菇”，选项D“蘑菇生长在世界各地”对应全球范围内的蘑菇种类，逻辑连贯，故选D。5. 27空：前句“Mushrooms are more than just food.”与后句举例蘑菇对心脏有益，选项A“它们也可以是药物”说明蘑菇的其他用途，衔接上下文，故选A。
【答案】23.C 24.B 25.E 26.D 27.A
【知识点】英语短文还原，语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】本题考查学生对英语语篇上下文逻辑的理解与衔接能力，要求学生结合前后句的语义关系选择合适的句子，难度适中，能有效考查学生的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。
【难度系数】0.6
【解析】1. 23空：前句“Many people think that mushrooms are vegetables.”与后句“They aren't even plants.”存在转折，选项C“事实上，它们不是蔬菜或水果”衔接上下文，说明蘑菇的真实类别，符合逻辑，故选C。2. 24空：后句列举蘑菇的多种颜色，选项B“蘑菇有不同的颜色”引出下文对颜色的描述，起到过渡作用，故选B。3. 25空：后句描述蘑菇的不同形状（小球、星星等），选项E“你还可以看到许多形状特别的蘑菇”衔接下文形状的举例，符合语境，故选E。4. 26空：后句提到“世界上有大约16万种蘑菇”，选项D“蘑菇生长在世界各地”对应全球范围内的蘑菇种类，逻辑连贯，故选D。5. 27空：前句“Mushrooms are more than just food.”与后句举例蘑菇对心脏有益，选项A“它们也可以是药物”说明蘑菇的其他用途，衔接上下文，故选A。
【答案】23.C 24.B 25.E 26.D 27.A
【知识点】英语短文还原，语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】本题考查学生对英语语篇上下文逻辑的理解与衔接能力，要求学生结合前后句的语义关系选择合适的句子，难度适中，能有效考查学生的阅读理解和逻辑推理能力。
【难度系数】0.6
