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1 Choose the best answer.（阅读短文，选择恰当的答案）
In Chinese history, clean and honest culture has always been an important part of traditional virtues. One of the most famous examples is Bao Zheng, who lived during the Northern Song Dynasty (960—1127). He was a great minister（大臣）known for his honesty and integrity（正直）.
Bao Zheng worked as a local official in many places. He always treated people fairly and never took bribes（贿赂）. Once, a poor man’s cow had its tongue cut off by someone. The man went to Bao Zheng for help. Bao Zheng knew that the criminal might be someone who had a quarrel with the man. He told the man to kill the cow and sell its meat in the market. According to the law at that time, killing a cow without permission was a crime. So the criminal came to report the man for killing the cow, and was caught immediately. In this way, Bao Zheng solved the case cleverly.
Bao Zheng also believed that officials should set a good example for the people. He once said, “An honest official is the model of the people; a greedy official is the thief of the people.” His words and deeds showed the importance of honesty and integrity in Chinese culture. Even today, people still respect him as a symbol of justice（正义）and clean government.
(
A. During the Tang Dynasty.
B. During the Northern Song Dynasty.
C. During the Southern Song Dynasty.
D. During the Ming Dynasty.
(
A. Because his cow was stolen.
B. Because his cow was killed.
C. Because his cow’s tongue was cut off.
D. Because his cow was sold.
(
A. 缺点 B. 美德 C. 习惯 D. 制度
(
A. By killing the cow himself.
B. By asking the man to sell the cow’s meat to catch the criminal.
C. By reporting the man for killing the cow.
D. By quarreling with the criminal.
(
A. To introduce Bao Zheng’s life story.
B. To tell a story about how Bao Zheng solved a cow case.
C. To show the importance of traditional Chinese clean and honest culture through Bao Zheng’s example.
D. To explain the law of the Northern Song Dynasty.
In Chinese history, clean and honest culture has always been an important part of traditional virtues. One of the most famous examples is Bao Zheng, who lived during the Northern Song Dynasty (960—1127). He was a great minister（大臣）known for his honesty and integrity（正直）.
Bao Zheng worked as a local official in many places. He always treated people fairly and never took bribes（贿赂）. Once, a poor man’s cow had its tongue cut off by someone. The man went to Bao Zheng for help. Bao Zheng knew that the criminal might be someone who had a quarrel with the man. He told the man to kill the cow and sell its meat in the market. According to the law at that time, killing a cow without permission was a crime. So the criminal came to report the man for killing the cow, and was caught immediately. In this way, Bao Zheng solved the case cleverly.
Bao Zheng also believed that officials should set a good example for the people. He once said, “An honest official is the model of the people; a greedy official is the thief of the people.” His words and deeds showed the importance of honesty and integrity in Chinese culture. Even today, people still respect him as a symbol of justice（正义）and clean government.
(
B
) (1) When did Bao Zheng live?A. During the Tang Dynasty.
B. During the Northern Song Dynasty.
C. During the Southern Song Dynasty.
D. During the Ming Dynasty.
(
C
) (2) Why did the poor man go to Bao Zheng?A. Because his cow was stolen.
B. Because his cow was killed.
C. Because his cow’s tongue was cut off.
D. Because his cow was sold.
(
B
) (3) What does the underlined word "virtues" mean in Chinese?A. 缺点 B. 美德 C. 习惯 D. 制度
(
B
) (4) How did Bao Zheng solve the case of the cow?A. By killing the cow himself.
B. By asking the man to sell the cow’s meat to catch the criminal.
C. By reporting the man for killing the cow.
D. By quarreling with the criminal.
(
C
) (5) What is the main idea of the passage?A. To introduce Bao Zheng’s life story.
B. To tell a story about how Bao Zheng solved a cow case.
C. To show the importance of traditional Chinese clean and honest culture through Bao Zheng’s example.
D. To explain the law of the Northern Song Dynasty.
答案
(1) B (2) C (3) B (4) B (5) C
解析
【分析】
做这类英语阅读理解选择题时，需先通读全文把握大意，再针对每个小题的问题，精准定位原文对应内容，对比选项与原文信息，逐一选出正确答案。具体步骤为：1. 读问题，明确考查方向；2. 定位原文，找到对应句子或段落；3. 匹配选项，排除错误项确定答案。
【解析】
(1) 原文第一段明确提到包拯生活在“the Northern Song Dynasty (960—1127)”，对应选项B。
(2) 原文第二段说明穷人求助的原因是“a poor man’s cow had its tongue cut off by someone”，对应选项C。
(3) 结合上下文“clean and honest culture has always been an important part of traditional virtues”，清廉诚实属于传统美德，故“virtues”意为“美德”，对应选项B。
(4) 原文第二段提到包拯让穷人杀牛卖肉，利用当时杀牛未经许可为罪的法律，引罪犯现身，对应选项B。
(5) 全文通过包拯的例子，展现了中国传统清廉诚实文化的重要性，对应选项C。
【答案】
(1) B (2) C (3) B (4) B (5) C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（词义猜测）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）
【点评】
本题为典型英语阅读理解选择题，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测、主旨大意三类常见考点，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，题目设置贴合基础阅读要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
做这类英语阅读理解选择题时，需先通读全文把握大意，再针对每个小题的问题，精准定位原文对应内容，对比选项与原文信息，逐一选出正确答案。具体步骤为：1. 读问题，明确考查方向；2. 定位原文，找到对应句子或段落；3. 匹配选项，排除错误项确定答案。
【解析】
(1) 原文第一段明确提到包拯生活在“the Northern Song Dynasty (960—1127)”，对应选项B。
(2) 原文第二段说明穷人求助的原因是“a poor man’s cow had its tongue cut off by someone”，对应选项C。
(3) 结合上下文“clean and honest culture has always been an important part of traditional virtues”，清廉诚实属于传统美德，故“virtues”意为“美德”，对应选项B。
(4) 原文第二段提到包拯让穷人杀牛卖肉，利用当时杀牛未经许可为罪的法律，引罪犯现身，对应选项B。
(5) 全文通过包拯的例子，展现了中国传统清廉诚实文化的重要性，对应选项C。
【答案】
(1) B (2) C (3) B (4) B (5) C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解（细节理解）、英语阅读理解（词义猜测）、英语阅读理解（主旨大意）
【点评】
本题为典型英语阅读理解选择题，涵盖细节查找、词义猜测、主旨大意三类常见考点，考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，题目设置贴合基础阅读要求，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
