一、将下列两个方框中的单词与后缀配对，然后用新单词完成句子。
argue act listen strong relation
-er -or -th -ment -ship
1. Jim has one —He is good with numbers.
2. The director is looking for a(n) to play a doctor in his new movie.
3. I think the between you two is of no use. Maybe both of you are wrong.
4. The two boys have a very close with each other. They are always together.
5. During the class sharing part, Lucy was always a good , nodding along to show she understood.

1. strength 2. actor 3. argument 4. relationship 5. listener

【分析】
解题思路分为两步：第一步，利用名词后缀的构词法，将左侧单词与对应后缀配对变形，得到正确的名词；第二步，分析每个句子的语境，结合句意选择配对后的单词填入空格。需先明确常见名词后缀的含义：-er/-or表人（职业/身份）、-th表性质/状态、-ment表动作结果、-ship表关系，再结合句子语义匹配单词。
【解析】
1. strong加后缀-th构成名词strength，意为“长处”，结合句意“Jim有一个长处——他擅长数字”，故填strength。
2. act加后缀-or构成名词actor，意为“演员”，结合句意“导演找一名演员演医生”，故填actor。
3. argue加后缀-ment构成名词argument，意为“争论”，结合句意“你们俩的争论没用”，故填argument。
4. relation加后缀-ship构成名词relationship，意为“关系”，结合句意“两个男孩关系亲密”，故填relationship。
5. listen加后缀-er构成名词listener，意为“听众”，结合句意“Lucy是好的听众”，故填listener。
【答案】
1. strength 2. actor 3. argument 4. relationship 5. listener
【知识点】
名词后缀构词法、词汇语境运用
【点评】
本题考查基础名词构词规则及词汇在具体语境中的应用，需掌握常见后缀用法并结合句意选词，侧重基础词汇能力的考查，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.4

二、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The Greens didn’t continue their trip because the traffic (cost) were too high.
2. (misunderstanding) happen if people don’t say exactly what they mean.
3. Mr Smith’s (open) speech succeeded in making everyone look forward to the next speeches.
4. These days, all kinds of (medium) play an important role in influencing people’s opinions.
5. The teacher picked some useful (sentence) from the passage and wrote them on the blackboard.

1. costs 2. Misunderstandings 3. opening 4. media 5. sentences

【分析】
本题考查英语单词的适当形式填空，需结合句子结构、词性、单复数、固定搭配等规则判断变形：
1. 空格在traffic后修饰名词，由后面的were可知主语为复数，需用cost的名词复数形式；
2. 空格作主语，谓语动词happen为原形，主语需用可数名词复数，且句首单词首字母大写；
3. 空格修饰名词speech，需用动名词作定语构成固定搭配；
4. all kinds of后接可数名词复数，medium有不规则复数变化；
5. some后接可数名词复数，sentence直接加s变复数。
【解析】
1. 句意为：格林一家没有继续旅行，因为交通成本太高。traffic costs表示“交通成本”，由were可知主语为复数，故填costs；
2. 句意为：如果人们不明确表达自己的意思，就会产生误解。谓语happen为原形，主语需用复数，misunderstanding的复数加s，句首大写，故填Misunderstandings；
3. 句意为：史密斯先生的开幕演讲成功让每个人期待接下来的演讲。opening speech是固定搭配“开幕演讲”，用动名词opening作定语，故填opening；
4. 句意为：如今，各种媒体在影响人们观点方面发挥重要作用。all kinds of后接可数名词复数，medium的复数为media，故填media；
5. 句意为：老师从文章中选了一些有用的句子写在黑板上。some后接可数名词复数，sentence直接加s，故填sentences。
【答案】
1. costs 2. Misunderstandings 3. opening 4. media 5. sentences
【知识点】
名词的适当形式、动名词作定语
【点评】
本题为英语基础词汇变形题，考察学生对名词单复数变化、动名词作定语等基础知识点的掌握，是初中英语常见题型，难度较低，需牢记单词的形式变化规则。
【难度系数】
0.3

三、根据语境与括号内的英语提示填空。
(例)I prefer(like something better) tea to coffee.
1. The school trip offered us a great (chance) to get close to nature.
2. Family dinners are not just meals. They are also (connected with society) activities.
3. October 1st is an important (an exact day of the year) for Chinese people. It’s the birthday of PRC.
4. When the old man came into the room, all of the people stood up as a mark of (great respect) to him.
5. Lucy made great progress in her English, and I was (in a way that shows what you really feel or think about sb/sth) glad to hear that.

1. opportunity 2. social 3. date 4. honour 5. sincerely

【分析】首先通读每个句子理解语境，再结合括号内的英文释义，确定所需单词的词义和词性，最后匹配对应的正确英语单词，注意根据句子成分调整单词形式（如修饰形容词用副词、修饰名词用形容词等）。
【解析】1. 括号提示为“chance（机会）”，a great后接名词，opportunity与chance同义，故填opportunity；2. 括号提示为“connected with society（与社会有关的）”，需形容词修饰名词activities，故填social；3. 括号提示为“an exact day of the year（一年中确切的一天）”，对应名词date，故填date；4. 括号提示为“great respect（极大的敬意）”，对应名词honour，故填honour；5. 括号提示为“in a way that shows what you really feel or think about sb/sth（真诚地）”，需副词修饰形容词glad，故填sincerely。
【答案】1. opportunity 2. social 3. date 4. honour 5. sincerely
【知识点】词义匹配、词性转换、语境填词
【点评】本题考查根据英文释义及语境填写正确英语单词，侧重基础词汇的词义、词性运用，是英语学习中常见的基础题型，有助于巩固词汇基础。
【难度系数】0.7

四、从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。
reply clause trust benefit closing event
1. The school will hold a sports next Friday. All the students look forward to it.
2. The American boy got many to his question from his Chinese friends.
3. Thanks to the professor’s wonderful speech, we learned something new and a lot.
4. The speaker asked a question as his words, hoping that people could find out the truth by themselves.
5. Winning from others is not an easy thing. You should show that you are the right man to depend on.
6. Knowing the relationship between the condition(条件) and result is the key to writing a right with if.

1. event 2. replies 3. benefited 4. closing 5. trust 6. clause

【分析】做这类单词适当形式填空的题目，首先要明确方框内每个单词的词义、词性及变形规则；接着逐句分析句子语境，判断空格处所需的词性、单复数、时态等，再结合词义匹配合适的单词并调整形式，确保符合语法和句意。
【解析】
1. 句意：学校下周五将举办一场体育赛事，所有学生都期待着。“sports event”是固定搭配，意为“体育赛事”，故填event。
2. 句意：这个美国男孩收到了中国朋友们对他问题的许多回复。many后接可数名词复数，reply的复数形式是replies，故填replies。
3. 句意：多亏了教授精彩的演讲，我们学到了新东西并且受益良多。由learned（过去式）可知，and连接并列谓语，此处用动词过去式，benefit的过去式是benefited，故填benefited。
4. 句意：演讲者问了一个问题作为他的结束语，希望人们能自己找出真相。“closing words”是固定搭配，意为“结束语”，故填closing。
5. 句意：赢得别人的信任不是一件容易的事，你应该表现出你是值得依靠的人。win后接名词作宾语，trust作名词意为“信任”，符合句意，故填trust。
6. 句意：知道条件和结果之间的关系是用if写正确从句的关键。clause意为“从句”，符合语境，故填clause。
【答案】1. event 2. replies 3. benefited 4. closing 5. trust 6. clause
【知识点】词汇运用；单词适当形式填空；固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的词义辨析、词性变化及固定搭配，需要学生结合句子语境准确判断词汇形式，难度适中，适合基础阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6