四、信息还原
阅读短文，从方框中选出能填入空格处的最佳选项，有一个多余选项。
It’s important for everyone to make good decisions. But how can you become better decision-makers? 31
Think carefully about your mistakes
To make great decisions, it’s necessary to think about what went wrong in the past. But we should limit the time. Some people may think that 20 minutes would be a better choice. In fact, 10 minutes each day is enough to help you think about how you can do it better the next day. 32 Just learn from them and move ahead.
Know your abilities well
Did you ever think of finishing your homework in an hour, but you found it took much longer? 33 Good decision-makers know what they can do and can’t do. As a result, they can change their ways of thinking and acting.
Take breaks from thinking
While it’s important to think carefully about difficult choices, sometimes it’s best to take a break. If you focus on a problem for a long time, you may feel more stressed. 34 Sleeping or doing another activity can give your mind some time to relax.
Talk to yourself like a friend
When facing a difficult choice, imagine this: a friend asks you for advice about the same problem, and you ask yourself what you would say. In this way, you can be more objective (客观的). 35 For example, instead of saying, “I can’t do this,” you might say, “Of course, I can finish it!”
A. Remember that you needn’t spend much time thinking about your past mistakes.
B. Here are some habits that can help you.
C. Sleeping matters a lot.
D. This means you may not know your abilities well.
E. Instead of telling yourself bad things, you can encourage yourself.
F. Studies show that letting your mind take a break can help you find clearer answers.
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.

31.B 32.A 33.D 34.F 35.E

【分析】
首先通读全文，把握文章主旨是介绍成为更好决策者的方法，解题时需结合每个空格前后的语境、句子间的逻辑关系以及段落主题，逐一匹配选项。
【解析】
31空：前文提出“如何成为更好的决策者”的问题，后文是具体的方法，需要承上启下引出方法的句子，B选项“Here are some habits that can help you.”符合语境，故31选B。
32空：本段主题为反思错误，前文提到反思错误的时间（每天10分钟足够），后文说从错误中学习前进，A选项“Remember that you needn’t spend much time thinking about your past mistakes.”承接前文的时间限制，符合语境，故32选A。
33空：本段主题为了解自己的能力，前文举了计划完成作业的时间与实际不符的例子，D选项“This means you may not know your abilities well.”解释了例子的原因，符合主题，故33选D。
34空：本段主题为思考时要休息，前文说长时间思考会压力大，后文提及放松的方式，F选项“Studies show that letting your mind take a break can help you find clearer answers.”承接休息的主题，符合逻辑，故34选F。
35空：本段主题为像朋友一样和自己对话，后文是鼓励自己的例子，E选项“Instead of telling yourself bad things, you can encourage yourself.”符合语境，故35选E。
【答案】
31.B 32.A 33.D 34.F 35.E
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、信息还原题
【点评】
本题是典型的英语信息还原题，考查学生对文章上下文逻辑关系的理解能力，需结合段落主题和语境匹配选项，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

五、词汇运用
A. 根据句意、中文释义、首字母和音标提示，写出句中所缺单词。
36. If you want to learn English well, you must know more about (语法).
37. The thick book has nearly 500 (页).
38. Now, most students are a of the importance of a good reading habit.
39. More and more foreigners learn to eat Chinese food with c.
40. Read the (/ɪnˈstrʌkʃnz/) first. They can help you put up the shelves.

36. grammar 37. pages 38. aware 39. chopsticks 40. instructions

【分析】
本题为英语词汇运用题，需结合中文释义、首字母提示、音标、语境及固定搭配等知识填写正确单词，同时注意名词单复数的变化规则。具体思路：36题根据中文“语法”直接匹配对应英文单词；37题“页”是可数名词，前面有数字500修饰，需用复数形式；38题结合语境和首字母，利用固定搭配确定单词；39题结合“吃中国食物”的语境和首字母，匹配对应词汇；40题根据给出的音标，结合安装架子的语境确定单词，同时注意单复数形式。
【解析】
36. 中文释义为“语法”，对应英文单词grammar，故填grammar；
37. “页”的英文是page，为可数名词，前面有500修饰，需用复数形式pages，故填pages；
38. 结合语境“大多数学生________良好阅读习惯的重要性”及首字母a，固定搭配be aware of表示“意识到”，故填aware；
39. 结合“外国人用中国食物”的语境及首字母c，可知是“筷子”，英文为chopsticks，常用复数形式，故填chopsticks；
40. 根据音标/ɪnˈstrʌkʃnz/，结合“安装架子”的语境，可知是instructions（说明），且后面用代词they，故填instructions。
【答案】
36. grammar 37. pages 38. aware 39. chopsticks 40. instructions
【知识点】
词汇运用、名词单复数、固定搭配
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的拼写、形式变化、固定搭配及音标掌握，属于英语基础题型，注重词汇在语境中的实际运用，难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8