阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 核心素养 思维品质
[2025 宿迁改编]When it comes to Yuan Longping, we will think of him as the "Father of Hybrid Rice". In fact, he is also good at reading, swimming and playing the violin.
Yuan has a reading habit—reading aloud. In the first year of high school, there was 1. speech competition. Yuan took part in the competition. He chose a topic, wrote his speech and read it aloud in the morning. After that, he 2. (find) reading aloud was a good method. It could make his memory much 3. (good) than before and he could understand articles very well.
Yuan is a good 4. (swim). When he was 8 years old, he and his family took a ship to Hunan. He fell from the ship. 5. (luck), a boatman saved him. This made him 6. (learn) to swim—he wanted to be able to save others just as the boatman had saved him. In a national swimming competition in Chengdu, Yuan finished 7. (four) in the race, while the top three entered China's national swimming team 8. (success).
Yuan is also a good music lover. He learned to play the violin 9. a music teacher at college. He said, "Music is the warmth that has accompanied(陪伴) me throughout my life."
Yuan once said, "We should be good both in mind 10. body." Not only did he finish great things, but he also had a unique soul(独特的灵魂).

1. a 2. found 3. better 4. swimmer 5. Luckily 6. learn 7. fourth 8. successfully 9. from 10. and

【分析】首先通读全文理解短文大意，本文介绍了袁隆平的爱好及相关经历。解题时需结合语境，根据语法规则、词性转换、固定搭配等逐一分析空格：1. 泛指演讲比赛用不定冠词；2. 描述过去动作用动词过去式；3. 由than判断用形容词比较级；4. 需名词作表语转换动词为名词；5. 修饰句子用副词；6. 考查固定搭配make sb do sth；7. 表示比赛名次用序数词；8. 修饰动词用副词；9. 考查固定搭配learn from；10. 考查固定搭配both...and...。
【解析】1. 此处泛指“一个演讲比赛”，speech以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a；2. 由“In the first year of high school”可知是过去的动作，用一般过去时，find的过去式为found；3. 句中出现than，需用形容词比较级，good的比较级是better；4. 此处需名词作表语，swim转换为表示“游泳者”的名词swimmer；5. 修饰整个句子用副词，luck的副词形式Luckily（句首大写）；6. 固定搭配make sb do sth，填动词原形learn；7. 表示比赛名次用序数词，four的序数词为fourth；8. 修饰动词entered用副词，success的副词形式successfully；9. 固定搭配learn from sb，填介词from；10. 固定搭配both...and...，填and。
【答案】1. a 2. found 3. better 4. swimmer 5. Luckily 6. learn 7. fourth 8. successfully 9. from 10. and
【知识点】不定冠词用法、动词时态与词性转换、固定搭配
【点评】本题结合袁隆平事迹考查英语基础语法与词汇运用，既巩固了冠词、时态、比较级等知识点，又渗透情感教育，难度适中，适合初中学生练习。
【难度系数】0.6

B
[2025 青岛改编]With the development of science and technology, we have learned a lot about animals. Emperor penguins can grow up to 1.2 metres tall, and they are the 11. (large) of all the penguin kinds. In 2022, they became endangered animals 12. the Antarctic sea ice is becoming smaller and smaller. Now scientists are using high technology to follow them and learn more about how 13. (protect) them.
One of the ways researchers are able to do this is 14. looking at pictures taken by satellites(卫星) above the Earth. Large groups of emperor penguins can be seen from space. When scientists 15. (one) started using satellites to look at the penguins, there were only 28 groups. So far, scientists have discovered 66 groups.
Even using satellites, it is so difficult to count how many penguins live in different groups. Scientists can improve number estimates(估计) by watching the area's weather 16. (careful). Measuring the wind speed and temperature can help predict if the penguins gather closely together or spread apart across the ice. If scientists know what the weather was like when the pictures were taken, they can estimate how many penguins there are.
Scientists can also watch penguins' movements by giving 17. (they) special electronic tags(电子标签). A robot carries a scanner(扫描仪), and it can read information on 18. tags. It moves very slowly so that it doesn't make the birds 19. (scare).
One of the penguin researchers hopes the technology 20. (lead) us to a "golden age of research". Thanks to technology, we are seeing more things that no one has ever seen before.

11. largest 12. because 13. to protect 14. by 15. first 16. carefully 17. them 18. the 19. scared 20. will lead

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题，解题思路为：先通读全文理解帝企鹅相关的主旨，再逐个分析每个空格的语法结构、词汇搭配及语境逻辑：1. 看到范围词"of all the penguin kinds"判断用形容词最高级；2. 分析前后句因果关系确定连词；3. 识别"疑问词+不定式"的固定结构；4. 根据语境判断介词、序数词、副词、代词、冠词、形容词及时态的正确形式。
【解析】
11. 句中"of all the penguin kinds"表示三者及以上的范围，需用形容词最高级，large的最高级为largest；
12. 前句"帝企鹅成为濒危动物"与后句"南极海冰变小"是因果关系，故填连词because；
13. "疑问词how+不定式"作learn的宾语，需填to protect；
14. 表示"通过某种方式"用介词by，后接动名词looking；
15. 句意为"当科学家第一次用卫星观测企鹅时"，需用one的序数词first；
16. 修饰动词watch需用副词，care的副词形式为carefully；
17. 动词give后接人称代词宾格，they的宾格为them；
18. 特指前文提到的"特殊电子标签"，需用定冠词the；
19. "make sb+形容词"结构表示"使某人……"，scare的形容词为scared；
20. 宾语从句表将来的动作，需用一般将来时will lead。
【答案】
11. largest 12. because 13. to protect 14. by 15. first 16. carefully 17. them 18. the 19. scared 20. will lead
【知识点】
形容词最高级、疑问词加不定式、介词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法与词汇的综合运用，涵盖形容词最高级、词性转换、固定结构、时态等考点，侧重学生对语境的理解和语法规则的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6