三、解答题(本大题共8小题,共62分.解答应写出过程)
17. (16分)计算:
(1)$(-3a^{2}b)· (-2ab^{2}c)$;
(2)$a· a^{3}+(-2a^{3})^{2}+a^{6}÷ (-a^{2})$;
(3)$(3a-2)(3a+2)$;
(4)$(a+3)^{2}-(3-a)^{2}$.
17. (16分)计算:
(1)$(-3a^{2}b)· (-2ab^{2}c)$;
(2)$a· a^{3}+(-2a^{3})^{2}+a^{6}÷ (-a^{2})$;
(3)$(3a-2)(3a+2)$;
(4)$(a+3)^{2}-(3-a)^{2}$.
答案
【点拨】本题考查整式的运算,涉及单项式乘单项式,乘法公式,幂的相关运算.
【解析】(1)$(-3a^2b) · (-2ab^2c) = 6a^{2+1}b^{1+2}c = 6a^3b^3c$.
(2)$a · a^3 + (-2a^3)^2 + a^6 ÷ (-a^2) = a^4 + 4a^6 - a^4 = 4a^6$.
(3)$(3a - 2)(3a + 2) = (3a)^2 - 2^2 = 9a^2 - 4$.
(4)$(a + 3)^2 - (3 - a)^2 = a^2 + 6a + 9 - (a^2 - 6a + 9) = 12a$.
【解析】(1)$(-3a^2b) · (-2ab^2c) = 6a^{2+1}b^{1+2}c = 6a^3b^3c$.
(2)$a · a^3 + (-2a^3)^2 + a^6 ÷ (-a^2) = a^4 + 4a^6 - a^4 = 4a^6$.
(3)$(3a - 2)(3a + 2) = (3a)^2 - 2^2 = 9a^2 - 4$.
(4)$(a + 3)^2 - (3 - a)^2 = a^2 + 6a + 9 - (a^2 - 6a + 9) = 12a$.
18. (8分)简便计算:
(1)$100.1^2$;
(2)$999^2 - 1\,002 × 996$。
(1)$100.1^2$;
(2)$999^2 - 1\,002 × 996$。
答案
【点拨】本题考查平方差公式和完全平方公式.
【解析】(1)$\begin{aligned}100.1^2 &= (100 + 0.1)^2 \\&= 100^2 + 2×100×0.1 + 0.1^2 \\&= 10\ 000 + 20 + 0.01 \\&= 10\ 020.01.\end{aligned}$
(2)$\begin{aligned}999^2 - 1\ 002 × 996 &= 999^2 - (999 + 3)(999 - 3) \\&= 999^2 - (999^2 - 3^2) \\&= 9.\end{aligned}$
【解析】(1)$\begin{aligned}100.1^2 &= (100 + 0.1)^2 \\&= 100^2 + 2×100×0.1 + 0.1^2 \\&= 10\ 000 + 20 + 0.01 \\&= 10\ 020.01.\end{aligned}$
(2)$\begin{aligned}999^2 - 1\ 002 × 996 &= 999^2 - (999 + 3)(999 - 3) \\&= 999^2 - (999^2 - 3^2) \\&= 9.\end{aligned}$
19. (5 分)设$A=(x-3)(x-6),B=(x-2)(x-7)$,试比较$A,B$的大小.
答案
【点拨】本题考查整式的混合运算.
【解析】因为$A=(x-3)(x-6)$,$B=(x-2)(x-7)$,
所以$A - B = (x-3)(x-6) - (x-2)(x-7) = x^2 - 9x + 18 - (x^2 - 9x + 14) = 4 > 0$,所以$A > B$.
【解析】因为$A=(x-3)(x-6)$,$B=(x-2)(x-7)$,
所以$A - B = (x-3)(x-6) - (x-2)(x-7) = x^2 - 9x + 18 - (x^2 - 9x + 14) = 4 > 0$,所以$A > B$.
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