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七、传统文化 任务型阅读。
主题群:历史、社会与文化
子主题:文化习俗
语篇类型:说明文
词数:358
难度:★★☆
Qingming, the 5th solar term, started this year on April 5 and ended on April 19. It is the only one whose first day is also a traditional Chinese festival, the Qingming Festival or Tomb-Sweeping Day.
1. ______ Temperatures begin to rise and rainfall increases, making it an important time for plowing(犁) and sowing(播种) in the spring. Here are some things you may not know about Qingming.
Spring outings
Not only is it a period for remembering the dead, it is also a time for people to go out and enjoy nature. As trees turn green, flowers blossom(绽放), and the sun shines brightly, everything returns to life. 2. This custom can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period.
Walking outside in spring adds joy to life and encourages a healthy body and mind.
Flying kites
Flying kites is an activity loved by many Chinese during the Qingming Festival. Kites are not only flown during the daytime but also in the evening. 3. When the kites are flying in the sky, the lanterns look like bright stars at night. What makes flying kites during this day special is that people cut the string while the kite is in the sky to let it fly free. It is said that this brings good luck and that diseases can be chased away(赶走) by doing this.
4.
The Hanshi Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated for three consecutive days starting the day before the Qingming Festival. 5. People usually eat *qingtuan* for dinner.
根据短文内容,从方框中选出适当的选项补全短文,有两项是多余的。
A. On that day, making a fire is a taboo(禁忌) and people should only eat cold food.
B. The Hanshi Festival
C. The words meaning "clear" and "bright" describe the weather during this period.
D. Showing respect for the dead with offerings is the most important way to remember them.
E. Little lanterns are tied to the kite or to the kite string.
F. Farmers in the south are busy harvesting the crops in the fields.
G. It is a fine time to enjoy the beauty of nature.
主题群:历史、社会与文化
子主题:文化习俗
语篇类型:说明文
词数:358
难度:★★☆
Qingming, the 5th solar term, started this year on April 5 and ended on April 19. It is the only one whose first day is also a traditional Chinese festival, the Qingming Festival or Tomb-Sweeping Day.
1. ______ Temperatures begin to rise and rainfall increases, making it an important time for plowing(犁) and sowing(播种) in the spring. Here are some things you may not know about Qingming.
Spring outings
Not only is it a period for remembering the dead, it is also a time for people to go out and enjoy nature. As trees turn green, flowers blossom(绽放), and the sun shines brightly, everything returns to life. 2. This custom can be traced back to the Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Period.
Walking outside in spring adds joy to life and encourages a healthy body and mind.
Flying kites
Flying kites is an activity loved by many Chinese during the Qingming Festival. Kites are not only flown during the daytime but also in the evening. 3. When the kites are flying in the sky, the lanterns look like bright stars at night. What makes flying kites during this day special is that people cut the string while the kite is in the sky to let it fly free. It is said that this brings good luck and that diseases can be chased away(赶走) by doing this.
4.
The Hanshi Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday celebrated for three consecutive days starting the day before the Qingming Festival. 5. People usually eat *qingtuan* for dinner.
根据短文内容,从方框中选出适当的选项补全短文,有两项是多余的。
A. On that day, making a fire is a taboo(禁忌) and people should only eat cold food.
B. The Hanshi Festival
C. The words meaning "clear" and "bright" describe the weather during this period.
D. Showing respect for the dead with offerings is the most important way to remember them.
E. Little lanterns are tied to the kite or to the kite string.
F. Farmers in the south are busy harvesting the crops in the fields.
G. It is a fine time to enjoy the beauty of nature.
答案
1. C 2. G 3. E 4. B 5. A
解析
【分析】
这是一篇介绍清明节气相关文化习俗的七选五任务型阅读，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章整体脉络：先引入清明节气的基本属性，再依次介绍清明的气候特征、踏青、放风筝、寒食节相关习俗。接下来逐空定位前后文的线索，通过匹配主题、关键词、逻辑衔接来选出对应选项，同时排除两个和上下文语境不匹配的多余选项：
1. 第1空前文刚引出“Qingming”的名称，后文紧接着描述气温升高、降雨增多的气候特点，找能衔接“清明”名称和气候描述的选项即可。
2. 第2空属于踏青板块，前文描述春回大地万物复苏的景象，后文引出踏青习俗的历史溯源，找能承接春日美景、引出出游行为的选项。
3. 第3空在放风筝板块，后文提到了风筝上的灯笼夜晚像星星，找和“灯笼、风筝”相关的衔接选项。
4. 第4空是段落小标题，后文整段内容都围绕寒食节展开，选能概括本段核心主题的小标题即可。
5. 第5空在寒食节板块，前文介绍寒食节的时间，后文提到人们吃青团的饮食习俗，找符合寒食节核心特点的描述即可。
【解析】
1. 空处前文介绍清明是第五个节气，首日就是传统的清明节，后文描述清明时节气温回升、降雨增加的气候特征，C选项中“‘清’和‘明’的词义描述了这个时期的天气”刚好承接清明的名称，引出后文的气候细节，逻辑通顺，故选C。
2. 空处前文提到树木返绿、花朵绽放、阳光明媚，万物复苏，对应踏青的场景，G选项“这是欣赏自然美景的好时机”承接春日的美好景象，自然引出踏青出游的传统习俗，和后文的习俗溯源衔接自然，故选G。
3. 空处后文提到风筝飞在天上时，夜晚的灯笼看起来像明亮的星星，E选项“小灯笼被绑在风筝上或者风筝线上”刚好引出后文提到的灯笼，前后内容呼应，故选E。
4. 空处是本段的小标题，后文整段内容都在介绍寒食节的时间、相关习俗，B选项“寒食节”精准概括本段的核心主题，符合小标题的特征，故选B。
5. 空处前文介绍寒食节是清明前一天开始连续庆祝三天的中国传统节日，后文提到人们晚餐通常吃青团，A选项“在那一天，生火是禁忌，人们只能吃冷的食物”符合寒食节禁火吃冷食的核心特点，衔接前后关于寒食节的介绍，故选A。
多余选项排除：D选项“用供品表达对逝者的敬意是纪念他们最重要的方式”在文中没有对应相关内容的语境；F选项“南方的农民忙着在田里收庄稼”和清明时节春耕春种的常识矛盾，均不符合要求。
【答案】
1. C 2. G 3. E 4. B 5. A
【知识点】
七选五任务型阅读，中国传统节气文化，上下文逻辑推理
【点评】
本题结合中国传统清明节气的文化常识设题，既考察学生对说明文语篇的整体脉络梳理能力，也考察学生通过前后文关键词匹配、逻辑衔接判断补全语篇的能力，同时渗透了传统文化知识的科普，难度适中，解题时要注意区分小标题和细节句的不同特征，抓住前后文的核心线索就能快速排除干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.6
这是一篇介绍清明节气相关文化习俗的七选五任务型阅读，解题时首先要通读全文，明确文章整体脉络：先引入清明节气的基本属性，再依次介绍清明的气候特征、踏青、放风筝、寒食节相关习俗。接下来逐空定位前后文的线索，通过匹配主题、关键词、逻辑衔接来选出对应选项，同时排除两个和上下文语境不匹配的多余选项：
1. 第1空前文刚引出“Qingming”的名称，后文紧接着描述气温升高、降雨增多的气候特点，找能衔接“清明”名称和气候描述的选项即可。
2. 第2空属于踏青板块，前文描述春回大地万物复苏的景象，后文引出踏青习俗的历史溯源，找能承接春日美景、引出出游行为的选项。
3. 第3空在放风筝板块，后文提到了风筝上的灯笼夜晚像星星，找和“灯笼、风筝”相关的衔接选项。
4. 第4空是段落小标题，后文整段内容都围绕寒食节展开，选能概括本段核心主题的小标题即可。
5. 第5空在寒食节板块，前文介绍寒食节的时间，后文提到人们吃青团的饮食习俗，找符合寒食节核心特点的描述即可。
【解析】
1. 空处前文介绍清明是第五个节气，首日就是传统的清明节，后文描述清明时节气温回升、降雨增加的气候特征，C选项中“‘清’和‘明’的词义描述了这个时期的天气”刚好承接清明的名称，引出后文的气候细节，逻辑通顺，故选C。
2. 空处前文提到树木返绿、花朵绽放、阳光明媚，万物复苏，对应踏青的场景，G选项“这是欣赏自然美景的好时机”承接春日的美好景象，自然引出踏青出游的传统习俗，和后文的习俗溯源衔接自然，故选G。
3. 空处后文提到风筝飞在天上时，夜晚的灯笼看起来像明亮的星星，E选项“小灯笼被绑在风筝上或者风筝线上”刚好引出后文提到的灯笼，前后内容呼应，故选E。
4. 空处是本段的小标题，后文整段内容都在介绍寒食节的时间、相关习俗，B选项“寒食节”精准概括本段的核心主题，符合小标题的特征，故选B。
5. 空处前文介绍寒食节是清明前一天开始连续庆祝三天的中国传统节日，后文提到人们晚餐通常吃青团，A选项“在那一天，生火是禁忌，人们只能吃冷的食物”符合寒食节禁火吃冷食的核心特点，衔接前后关于寒食节的介绍，故选A。
多余选项排除：D选项“用供品表达对逝者的敬意是纪念他们最重要的方式”在文中没有对应相关内容的语境；F选项“南方的农民忙着在田里收庄稼”和清明时节春耕春种的常识矛盾，均不符合要求。
【答案】
1. C 2. G 3. E 4. B 5. A
【知识点】
七选五任务型阅读，中国传统节气文化，上下文逻辑推理
【点评】
本题结合中国传统清明节气的文化常识设题，既考察学生对说明文语篇的整体脉络梳理能力，也考察学生通过前后文关键词匹配、逻辑衔接判断补全语篇的能力，同时渗透了传统文化知识的科普，难度适中，解题时要注意区分小标题和细节句的不同特征，抓住前后文的核心线索就能快速排除干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.6
