一词多义 写出画线词的含义。
lay v.下(蛋)；放置
1. She laid the baby down gently on the bed.

2. The bird laid its eggs in other birds' nests(鸟巢).

1.放置 2.下(蛋)

【分析】本题考查动词lay的过去式laid的一词多义，需结合句子语境判断词义。第1句描述把宝宝放在床上的动作，第2句描述鸟下蛋的动作，根据动作对象和语境即可确定词义。
【解析】1. 在“She laid the baby down gently on the bed.”中，laid的动作对象是“the baby”，动作是“放在床上”，故含义为“放置”；2. 在“The bird laid its eggs in other birds' nests.”中，laid的动作对象是“its eggs”，主语是“the bird”，故含义为“下(蛋)”。
【答案】1.放置 2.下(蛋)
【知识点】动词一词多义；lay的过去式用法
【点评】本题通过具体语境考查lay过去式的不同含义，属于基础的词义辨析题，结合语境即可轻松判断，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8

易混辨析 选择合适的词或短语并用其适当形式填空。
laugh/laugh at
3.It's impolite to people who make mistakes.
4.The joke was so funny that everyone .
instead/instead of
5.I don't like coffee. Could I have a cup of tea ?
6.The weather was bad, so we played board games going hiking.

3.laugh at
4.laughed
5.instead 解析 instead 是副词,表示"反而;代替"。单独使用时,通常放在句末或句首。instead of 是一个介词短语,表示"代替;作为……的替换",后面必须跟宾语。本题应填instead 来修饰整个句子,表达"我"不想要咖啡,想要一杯茶。
6.instead of 解析 空后有动名词短语,应用instead of。

【分析】首先区分两组易混短语：①laugh是不及物动词，意为“笑”；laugh at是及物短语，意为“嘲笑”。②instead是副词，可单独使用，常放句末/句首；instead of是介词短语，后需接宾语。再结合语境和语法形式填空：3题句意是“嘲笑犯错的人不礼貌”，需用“嘲笑”的短语；4题是过去发生的动作，用laugh的过去式；5题空在句末，用副词instead；6题后接动名词短语，用介词短语instead of。
【解析】3. 句意为“嘲笑犯错的人是不礼貌的”，laugh at表示“嘲笑”，符合语境，故填laugh at；4. 主句时态为一般过去时，从句动作发生在过去，laugh的过去式为laughed，故填laughed；5. instead为副词，可单独置于句末作状语，此处表“代替咖啡”，故填instead；6. instead of为介词短语，后需接宾语（动名词短语going hiking），符合语境，故填instead of。
【答案】3.laugh at；4.laughed；5.instead；6.instead of
【知识点】动词短语辨析，副词与介词短语辨析，一般过去时
【点评】本题考查易混短语的用法辨析，需准确掌握laugh/laugh at、instead/instead of的用法差异，结合语境和语法规则填空，是基础题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5

用所给词的适当形式填空。
real
1.You cannot buy friends with a few good words. If you want friends, you have to give people time and love.
die
2.The flower because I forgot to water it. Looking at the body of it, I felt regretful(后悔的) and sad.
he
3.Oliver is a poor boy and has no parents. He lives a hard life by .
Later he meets a bad man called Fagin. The man teaches how to be a thief.

1.real; really
2.died; dead
3.he; himself; him

【分析】这道题考查英语词汇的适当形式运用，需结合句子成分、语境及语法规则确定词形：1. 第一题中，第一个空修饰名词friends，需用形容词；第二个空修饰动词want，需用副词。2. 第二题中，第一个空作谓语，由forgot可知时态为一般过去时，需用动词过去式；第二个空修饰名词body，需用形容词。3. 第三题中，第一个空作主语，需用人称代词主格；第二个空是固定搭配by oneself，需用反身代词；第三个空作动词teaches的宾语，需用人称代词宾格。
【解析】1. 第一空修饰名词friends，用形容词real；第二空修饰动词want，用副词really。2. 第一空为谓语，时态为一般过去时，die的过去式是died；第二空修饰名词body，用形容词dead。3. 第一空作主语，用人称代词主格he；第二空是固定短语by oneself，用反身代词himself；第三空作teaches的宾语，用人称代词宾格him。
【答案】1.real; really
2.died; dead
3.he; himself; him
【知识点】词汇适当形式变化、形容词与副词用法、代词用法
【点评】本题为基础英语词汇填空题，侧重考查词性转换、动词时态及代词的不同形式，是英语学习中的基础题型，难度适中，能有效检验学生对核心词汇的掌握程度。
【难度系数】0.8

语篇串考综合练
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空一词。
be go think true in
a so anyone smell quick
Jack and his family lived in the countryside. They had to use 1. outhouse(屋外厕所) near a river. And the little boy hated it because it was hot in summer, cold in winter and it gave out terrible 2. all the time.
One day, heavy rain made the river rise. The little boy thought it 3. the day to push the outhouse into the river, 4. he got a large stick and started pushing. Finally, the outhouse fell into the river 5. and went away.
That evening his dad asked him to 6. outside after dinner. Knowing that meant a spanking(打屁股), the little boy cried and asked why. The dad replied, "7. pushed the outhouse into the river today. It was you, wasn't it?" The boy answered yes. Then he 8. for a moment and said, "Dad, I read in school today that George Washington cut down a cherry tree and he told the 9. . Therefore, he didn't get into trouble. His father was so wise that he could raise a great son."
The dad replied, "Well, son, George Washington's father wasn't 10. that cherry tree."

语篇解读＞本文主要讲述了一个男孩因把屋外厕所推到河里而受到爸爸教训的故事。
1.an 2.smells 3.was 4.so 5.quickly 6.go
7.Someone 8.thought 9.truth 10.in

【分析】先通读短文，把握短文讲述男孩将屋外厕所推到河里后用华盛顿的事狡辩的主旨；再逐空分析，结合语境、语法（冠词、时态、词性）及固定搭配，选择方框内单词的正确形式填空，确保符合句子逻辑和语法要求。
【解析】1. 此处泛指“一个屋外厕所”，outhouse以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an；2. 句意为“它一直发出难闻的气味”，smell为可数名词，此处表泛指，用复数形式smells；3. 主句为一般过去时，宾语从句需用相应过去时态，主语为it，故用was；4. 前句说明男孩认为时机合适，后句描述他采取行动，为因果关系，故用so；5. 修饰动词fell需用副词，quick的副词形式为quickly；6. 考查固定搭配ask sb to do sth，故填动词原形go；7. 肯定句中表“某人”，用Someone；8. 全文为过去时态，think的过去式为thought；9. 考查固定短语tell the truth（说实话），故填truth；10. 考查固定搭配in that tree（在那棵树上），故填in。
【答案】1.an 2.smells 3.was 4.so 5.quickly 6.go 7.Someone 8.thought 9.truth 10.in
【知识点】不定冠词用法、名词复数变化、动词时态运用
【点评】本题为语篇型选词填空，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配解题，考查学生对词汇形式的灵活运用能力，是初中英语基础题型。
【难度系数】0.5