一、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Joy is very selfish and (kind). That's why I am unwilling to make friends with her.
2. The teacher praised Tom for his brave (decide) to face his mistakes.
3. These brave soldiers risked (lose) their lives to protect the people in the disaster area.
4. The student who was once (bully) at school has become much more confident now.
5. After walking for a long time, my grandfather's legs were so (pain) that he had to stop to rest.
6. [立德树人 爱好培养] (late), more and more teenagers have realized the importance of balancing study and hobbies.

1. unkind 2. decision 3. losing 4. bullied
5. painful 6. Lately

【分析】
要解答这些单词适当形式填空题，需结合句意、词性要求、固定搭配及语法结构分析：1. 由“selfish”可知需表达“不友善”，用kind的否定形式；2. brave是形容词，后接名词，需转换decide的词性；3. 固定搭配risk后接动名词；4. 句子为被动语态，需用bully的过去分词；5. so后接形容词，转换pain的词性；6. 需副词作状语，转换late的词性且句首大写。
【解析】
1. 句意：Joy非常自私且不友善，因此我不愿和她交朋友。此处需形容词，结合语境用kind的否定前缀un-构成unkind，故填unkind。
2. 句意：老师表扬Tom勇敢面对错误的决定。brave修饰名词，动词decide的名词形式为decision，故填decision。
3. 句意：这些勇敢的士兵冒着失去生命的危险保护灾区人民。固定搭配“risk doing sth”（冒险做某事），故填lose的动名词形式losing。
4. 句意：曾经在学校被欺负的学生现在自信多了。被动语态结构为“be+过去分词”，bully的过去分词是bullied，故填bullied。
5. 句意：走了很久后，爷爷的腿疼得不得不休息。so后接形容词，名词pain的形容词形式为painful，故填painful。
6. 句意：最近，越来越多青少年意识到平衡学习和爱好的重要性。此处需副词作状语，late的副词形式为lately，句首单词首字母大写，故填Lately。
【答案】
1. unkind 2. decision 3. losing 4. bullied 5. painful 6. Lately
【知识点】
词性转换、固定搭配、被动语态
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型，考查单词适当形式变化，涉及词性转换、固定搭配、被动语态等核心知识点，侧重学生对词汇变形及用法的掌握，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语并用其正确形式填空（有一项多余）
drive focus hate communicate with get sb down stress
1. It's not wise to let the pressure from exams .
2. He deeply regrets his mom mad with his careless words and rude behavior.
3. He became so on his homework that he didn't notice his mom come in.
4. We should learn our parents and teachers when we have different opinions from them.
5. I'm always too at school because my mother is so strict with me about my studies.

1. get you down 2. driving 3. focused
4. to communicate with 5. stressed

【分析】
本题为选词填空题型，需先明确方框内词汇的含义、词性及常用搭配，再结合每个句子的语境、语法结构（如固定句式、非谓语形式）选择合适词汇并调整正确形式。步骤如下：1. 梳理方框词汇：drive（使，drive sb mad）、focus（集中，focus on）、hate（讨厌）、communicate with（与……交流）、get sb down（使沮丧）、stress（压力，可作名词/动词）；2. 分析每个句子空缺处所需的词性或语法成分；3. 匹配词汇并变形，确保符合句子逻辑和语法要求。
【解析】
1. 句意：让考试压力使你沮丧是不明智的。固定搭配let sb do sth（让某人做某事），故填get you down。
2. 句意：他因自己粗心的话和粗鲁的行为让妈妈生气而深感后悔。regret doing sth表示“后悔做了某事（已发生）”，drive sb mad意为“使某人生气”，故填driving。
3. 句意：他如此专注于作业，以至于没注意妈妈进来。固定搭配be focused on意为“专注于”，故填focused。
4. 句意：当我们与父母、老师有不同意见时，应该学会和他们交流。learn to do sth表示“学会做某事”，communicate with意为“与……交流”，故填to communicate with。
5. 句意：我在学校总是压力很大，因为妈妈对我的学习要求很严格。此处需形容词作表语，stress的形容词stressed表示“感到有压力的”，故填stressed。
【答案】
1. get you down 2. driving 3. focused 4. to communicate with 5. stressed
【知识点】
非谓语动词用法、固定短语搭配、形容词变形
【点评】
本题考查词汇的词义辨析、固定搭配及非谓语动词的正确形式，属于初中英语基础题型，需学生熟练掌握常用短语和词形变化，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5

三、完成句子
1. to, rapid, normal, for, the, changes, it's, youth, experience(.)(连词成句)

2. for, stand, don't, themselves, how, many, to, know, up, teenagers(.)(连词成句)

3. 不要浪费一整天都玩电脑游戏。(汉译英)
Don’t computer games.
4. 这个小男孩拒绝为小事和父母争吵。(汉译英)
The little boy refused his parents about small things.
5. 我们最近已经减少了花在屏幕上的时间，以提高学习效率。(汉译英)
We the time we spend on screens recently to improve our study efficiency.
6. 当他处于压力之下时，他把自己的担忧藏在了心底。(hide)(汉译英)

1. It's normal for the youth to experience rapid changes.
2. Many teenagers don't know how to stand up for themselves.
3. waste the whole day playing 4. to argue with
5. have cut back on
6. He hid his worries at the bottom of his heart when he was under stress.

【分析】
本题包含连词成句和汉译英两类基础英语题，解题思路如下：
1. 连词成句：先识别核心固定句型（如It's + adj + for sb to do sth）或句子结构（主谓宾+疑问词+不定式），再将给定单词按语法规则和语义逻辑排列，注意大小写和标点。
2. 汉译英：先匹配中文对应的固定短语，再结合时态（如recently用现在完成时、过去动作用一般过去时）和句型结构（如refuse to do sth）完成翻译。
【解析】
1. 连词成句：先确定固定句型It's normal for sb to do sth，其中sb为the youth，do为experience，宾语为rapid changes，组合后得到正确句子。
2. 连词成句：主语为Many teenagers，谓语为don't know，宾语为疑问词+不定式结构how to stand up for themselves，按顺序组合即可。
3. 汉译英：固定搭配waste time doing sth，“一整天”对应the whole day，故填waste the whole day playing。
4. 汉译英：固定搭配refuse to do sth，“和某人争吵”对应argue with sb，故填to argue with。
5. 汉译英：由recently可知用现在完成时，“减少”对应固定短语cut back on，故填have cut back on。
6. 汉译英：时间状语从句“当他处于压力之下”为when he was under stress，主句用一般过去时（动作已发生），“把担忧藏在心底”对应hid his worries at the bottom of his heart，组合后得到正确句子。
【答案】
1. It's normal for the youth to experience rapid changes.
2. Many teenagers don't know how to stand up for themselves.
3. waste the whole day playing
4. to argue with
5. have cut back on
6. He hid his worries at the bottom of his heart when he was under stress.
【知识点】
连词成句、固定短语搭配、汉译英、时态运用
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础题型，全面考察学生对基础英语句型、常用固定搭配及时态的掌握情况，题型常规，注重基础知识点的应用。
【难度系数】
0.3