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二、阅读理解。（每小题5分，共20分）
Plants are one of the most important living things on the earth, and we can't live without them.
First, plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis. Every time we take a breath, we are using the oxygen made by plants. Without plants, there would be no fresh air for us to breathe.
Second, plants provide us with food. Rice, wheat and corn, which are our main food, all come from plants. Fruits and vegetables, which keep us healthy, also come from plants. Even the meat we eat comes indirectly from plants, because the animals we raise feed on grass and other plants.
Third, plants give us many useful materials(材料). ▲ Trees give us wood to build houses and make furniture. Some plants are also used as medicine to treat diseases. For example, ginkgo(银杏) leaves can help improve people's memory.
What's more, plants inspire(启发) scientists to invent new things. The structure of bamboo helps design stronger buildings. Plants also help stop soil loss and regulate(调节) the climate. They are like green guardians(卫士) that protect our earth. However, many plants are in danger now because of pollution and deforestation(过度采伐). We must take action to protect them. After all, protecting plants is protecting our own home.
1. What does the underlined word "photosynthesis" probably mean?
A. 植物利用阳光制造养分和氧气的过程。 B. 人类每天呼吸新鲜空气的过程。
C. 动物以草和其他植物为食的过程。 D. 科学家从植物中获得灵感、发明新事物的过程。
2. 【创新考法 句子还原】Which sentence can be put in " ▲ "?
A. Plants can help us to get more food.
B. Cotton plants provide fibers(纤维) for making clothes.
C. Without plants, we can't live on the earth.
D. Rice and wheat are our main food that comes from plants.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Only plants that produce food are important to humans.
B. People can live well even if(即使) there are no plants on the earth.
C. Scientists will stop inventing new things if there are not any plants.
D. Protecting plants is very important for humans' life.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How plants produce oxygen for humans.
B. The different kinds of plants we can eat.
C. The important roles plants play in human life and the earth.
D. How scientists get ideas from plants.
Plants are one of the most important living things on the earth, and we can't live without them.
First, plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis. Every time we take a breath, we are using the oxygen made by plants. Without plants, there would be no fresh air for us to breathe.
Second, plants provide us with food. Rice, wheat and corn, which are our main food, all come from plants. Fruits and vegetables, which keep us healthy, also come from plants. Even the meat we eat comes indirectly from plants, because the animals we raise feed on grass and other plants.
Third, plants give us many useful materials(材料). ▲ Trees give us wood to build houses and make furniture. Some plants are also used as medicine to treat diseases. For example, ginkgo(银杏) leaves can help improve people's memory.
What's more, plants inspire(启发) scientists to invent new things. The structure of bamboo helps design stronger buildings. Plants also help stop soil loss and regulate(调节) the climate. They are like green guardians(卫士) that protect our earth. However, many plants are in danger now because of pollution and deforestation(过度采伐). We must take action to protect them. After all, protecting plants is protecting our own home.
1. What does the underlined word "photosynthesis" probably mean?
A. 植物利用阳光制造养分和氧气的过程。 B. 人类每天呼吸新鲜空气的过程。
C. 动物以草和其他植物为食的过程。 D. 科学家从植物中获得灵感、发明新事物的过程。
2. 【创新考法 句子还原】Which sentence can be put in " ▲ "?
A. Plants can help us to get more food.
B. Cotton plants provide fibers(纤维) for making clothes.
C. Without plants, we can't live on the earth.
D. Rice and wheat are our main food that comes from plants.
3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Only plants that produce food are important to humans.
B. People can live well even if(即使) there are no plants on the earth.
C. Scientists will stop inventing new things if there are not any plants.
D. Protecting plants is very important for humans' life.
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. How plants produce oxygen for humans.
B. The different kinds of plants we can eat.
C. The important roles plants play in human life and the earth.
D. How scientists get ideas from plants.
答案
二、1. A 词义猜测题。根据plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis以及常识可知，这个单词表示“光合作用”，即植物利用阳光制造养分和氧气的过程。
2. B 句子还原题。根据段落主题句“Third, plants give us many useful materials.”可知，空格处需要填入一个具体说明植物提供材料的句子。选项B“棉花植株为制作衣服提供纤维”，和后文“树木提供木材建房、做家具”的例子并列，符合段落逻辑。
3. D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“After all, protecting plants is protecting our own home.”可以推断出，保护植物对人类的生存至关重要。
4. C 主旨大意题。文章首段点明植物是地球上最重要的生物之一，人类离不开它们，接着从产生氧气、提供食物、供给材料、启发发明、保护地球五个方面介绍植物的作用，最后呼吁大家保护植物。由此可知，文章主旨是植物在人类生活和地球生态中扮演的重要角色。
长难句解读
原句：Even the meat we eat comes indirectly from plants, because the animals we raise feed on grass and other plants.
结构剖析：本句是含有原因状语从句的复合句。主句为Even the meat we eat comes indirectly from plants，主句主语为the meat，包含定语从句we eat，修饰the meat；从句为because the animals we raise feed on grass and other plants，从句主语为the animals，包含定语从句we raise，修饰the animals。
翻译：甚至我们吃的肉类也间接来源于植物，因为我们饲养的动物是以草和其他植物为食的。
2. B 句子还原题。根据段落主题句“Third, plants give us many useful materials.”可知，空格处需要填入一个具体说明植物提供材料的句子。选项B“棉花植株为制作衣服提供纤维”，和后文“树木提供木材建房、做家具”的例子并列，符合段落逻辑。
3. D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“After all, protecting plants is protecting our own home.”可以推断出，保护植物对人类的生存至关重要。
4. C 主旨大意题。文章首段点明植物是地球上最重要的生物之一，人类离不开它们，接着从产生氧气、提供食物、供给材料、启发发明、保护地球五个方面介绍植物的作用，最后呼吁大家保护植物。由此可知，文章主旨是植物在人类生活和地球生态中扮演的重要角色。
长难句解读
原句：Even the meat we eat comes indirectly from plants, because the animals we raise feed on grass and other plants.
结构剖析：本句是含有原因状语从句的复合句。主句为Even the meat we eat comes indirectly from plants，主句主语为the meat，包含定语从句we eat，修饰the meat；从句为because the animals we raise feed on grass and other plants，从句主语为the animals，包含定语从句we raise，修饰the animals。
翻译：甚至我们吃的肉类也间接来源于植物，因为我们饲养的动物是以草和其他植物为食的。
解析
【分析】
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需结合文中“植物通过该过程产生氧气”的表述及常识判断单词含义；
2. 第2题是句子还原题，需紧扣段落主题“植物提供有用材料”，选择能与后文例子并列的句子；
3. 第3题是推理判断题，需根据文章最后一句的表述，推断出保护植物的重要性；
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文结构，总结植物在人类生活及地球中的核心作用。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文中“plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis”及常识，photosynthesis意为“光合作用”，即植物利用阳光制造养分和氧气的过程，对应选项A；
2. 第2题：段落主题为“Third, plants give us many useful materials”，空格处需填具体说明植物提供材料的句子，选项B“棉花植株为制作衣服提供纤维”与后文“树木提供木材建房、做家具”的例子并列，符合段落逻辑；
3. 第3题：根据文章最后一句“After all, protecting plants is protecting our own home”，可推断出保护植物对人类生存至关重要，对应选项D；
4. 第4题：文章首段点明植物重要性，接着从产氧、供食物、给材料、启发发明、保护地球等方面介绍植物作用，最后呼吁保护植物，主旨为植物在人类生活和地球生态中的重要角色，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、句子还原题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖多种常见阅读题型，要求学生结合上下文、段落逻辑及文章主旨解题，考查学生的英语阅读综合理解能力，考点贴近日常学习重点。
【难度系数】
0.6
1. 第1题是词义猜测题，需结合文中“植物通过该过程产生氧气”的表述及常识判断单词含义；
2. 第2题是句子还原题，需紧扣段落主题“植物提供有用材料”，选择能与后文例子并列的句子；
3. 第3题是推理判断题，需根据文章最后一句的表述，推断出保护植物的重要性；
4. 第4题是主旨大意题，需梳理全文结构，总结植物在人类生活及地球中的核心作用。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据文中“plants produce oxygen through photosynthesis”及常识，photosynthesis意为“光合作用”，即植物利用阳光制造养分和氧气的过程，对应选项A；
2. 第2题：段落主题为“Third, plants give us many useful materials”，空格处需填具体说明植物提供材料的句子，选项B“棉花植株为制作衣服提供纤维”与后文“树木提供木材建房、做家具”的例子并列，符合段落逻辑；
3. 第3题：根据文章最后一句“After all, protecting plants is protecting our own home”，可推断出保护植物对人类生存至关重要，对应选项D；
4. 第4题：文章首段点明植物重要性，接着从产氧、供食物、给材料、启发发明、保护地球等方面介绍植物作用，最后呼吁保护植物，主旨为植物在人类生活和地球生态中的重要角色，对应选项C。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
词义猜测题、句子还原题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，涵盖多种常见阅读题型，要求学生结合上下文、段落逻辑及文章主旨解题，考查学生的英语阅读综合理解能力，考点贴近日常学习重点。
【难度系数】
0.6
