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一、阅读七选五
Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on Feb. 6, 2025, but his deeds and spirit will always inspire China's progress.
Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks. 1.
In the 1950s, China started to develop nuclear submarines(核潜艇), it was a very difficult job. At that time, our technology and resources were limited. 2.
During the design process, they met a lot of problems. For example, 3.
Finally, in the 1970s, China's first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. This made China one of the few countries that had this ability. Huang Xuhua didn't stop after this big success. He went on to help with the development of submarine technology. His hard work and devotion won him many honors, 4.
5.
A. He was always ready to help others
B. His family supported him all the time
C. These sad memories made him study hard
D. designing a nuclear reactor was really hard
E. including the "Medal of the Republic" in 2019
F. Huang and his team stood up and took on this challenge
G. When we think of him, we know that his life can inspire us a lot
Huang Xuhua, a great Chinese scientist, passed away on Feb. 6, 2025, but his deeds and spirit will always inspire China's progress.
Huang Xuhua was born in Guangdong Province in 1926. When he was young, he saw the hard times of his country under foreign attacks. 1.
C
. He made a promise to make the country strong with his knowledge.In the 1950s, China started to develop nuclear submarines(核潜艇), it was a very difficult job. At that time, our technology and resources were limited. 2.
F
. And to keep the project secret, they stopped contacting the outside world, even their families.During the design process, they met a lot of problems. For example, 3.
D
. They couldn't get help from foreign experts, so they could only depend on their own research. They used simple tools like abacuses and slide rules (算盘与算尺) to calculate and do experiments with great effort.Finally, in the 1970s, China's first nuclear submarine was built and tested successfully. This made China one of the few countries that had this ability. Huang Xuhua didn't stop after this big success. He went on to help with the development of submarine technology. His hard work and devotion won him many honors, 4.
E
.5.
G
. We, especially the young people, should learn from his spirit. Let's take on the responsibility, face challenges bravely, and work hard to make China stronger.A. He was always ready to help others
B. His family supported him all the time
C. These sad memories made him study hard
D. designing a nuclear reactor was really hard
E. including the "Medal of the Republic" in 2019
F. Huang and his team stood up and took on this challenge
G. When we think of him, we know that his life can inspire us a lot
答案
1. C
2. F
3. D
4. E
5. G
2. F
3. D
4. E
5. G
解析
【分析】
本题为七选五阅读题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨（介绍黄旭华院士的事迹与精神，激励国人）；再逐空结合空格前后的语境、逻辑关系（如承接、举例、总结等）匹配选项：1. 空格前讲黄旭华年轻时目睹国家苦难，后讲他承诺强国，需衔接经历与决心；2. 空格前讲发展核潜艇的困难，后讲团队的保密行动，需承接困难与团队担当；3. 空格前讲设计遇诸多问题，需举具体设计难题；4. 空格前讲他获诸多荣誉，需举例荣誉；5. 空格后讲号召学习其精神，需总结人生的激励意义。
【解析】
1. 空格前描述黄旭华年轻时目睹国家被侵略的艰难，空格后提到他承诺用知识强国，C项“这些悲伤的记忆让他努力学习”承接前文苦难经历，为后文的承诺做铺垫，符合逻辑；
2. 空格前说明发展核潜艇的技术、资源限制等困难，空格后提到团队为保密不联系外界，F项“黄和他的团队站出来接受这个挑战”承接前文困难，体现团队担当，符合语境；
3. 空格前指出设计过程遇到诸多问题，空格后提到无法求助外国专家只能自主研究，D项“设计核反应堆真的很难”是设计中的具体难题，符合举例语境；
4. 空格前提到他的努力获得诸多荣誉，E项“包括2019年的‘共和国勋章’”是对“诸多荣誉”的举例，符合逻辑；
5. 空格后号召年轻人学习他的精神，G项“当我们想到他，知道他的人生能激励我们很多”总结其人生价值，引出后文号召，符合语境。
【答案】1.C 2.F 3.D 4.E 5.G
【知识点】七选五阅读、语篇逻辑衔接、语境匹配
【点评】本题以黄旭华院士的事迹为载体，考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑、语境的理解与匹配能力，既涉及人物事迹梳理，也考查逻辑推理，是典型的七选五题型，难度适中，能有效检验学生的阅读理解水平。
【难度系数】0.5
本题为七选五阅读题，解题思路为：先通读全文把握主旨（介绍黄旭华院士的事迹与精神，激励国人）；再逐空结合空格前后的语境、逻辑关系（如承接、举例、总结等）匹配选项：1. 空格前讲黄旭华年轻时目睹国家苦难，后讲他承诺强国，需衔接经历与决心；2. 空格前讲发展核潜艇的困难，后讲团队的保密行动，需承接困难与团队担当；3. 空格前讲设计遇诸多问题，需举具体设计难题；4. 空格前讲他获诸多荣誉，需举例荣誉；5. 空格后讲号召学习其精神，需总结人生的激励意义。
【解析】
1. 空格前描述黄旭华年轻时目睹国家被侵略的艰难，空格后提到他承诺用知识强国，C项“这些悲伤的记忆让他努力学习”承接前文苦难经历，为后文的承诺做铺垫，符合逻辑；
2. 空格前说明发展核潜艇的技术、资源限制等困难，空格后提到团队为保密不联系外界，F项“黄和他的团队站出来接受这个挑战”承接前文困难，体现团队担当，符合语境；
3. 空格前指出设计过程遇到诸多问题，空格后提到无法求助外国专家只能自主研究，D项“设计核反应堆真的很难”是设计中的具体难题，符合举例语境；
4. 空格前提到他的努力获得诸多荣誉，E项“包括2019年的‘共和国勋章’”是对“诸多荣誉”的举例，符合逻辑；
5. 空格后号召年轻人学习他的精神，G项“当我们想到他，知道他的人生能激励我们很多”总结其人生价值，引出后文号召，符合语境。
【答案】1.C 2.F 3.D 4.E 5.G
【知识点】七选五阅读、语篇逻辑衔接、语境匹配
【点评】本题以黄旭华院士的事迹为载体，考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑、语境的理解与匹配能力，既涉及人物事迹梳理，也考查逻辑推理，是典型的七选五题型，难度适中，能有效检验学生的阅读理解水平。
【难度系数】0.5
二、阅读填空
Today, I finished reading Pillars（脊梁）of the Nation, a book that tells the 1.
Written by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it 2.
These scientists faced many difficulties. Some gave up their comfortable life abroad and returned 4.
The stories of these wise people moved me deeply. Despite hardships, these scientists worked tirelessly, lighting the way with ideals and courage. Though many of these great minds have passed away, their 7.
As a Chinese student, I should learn from these great people. Their stories inspire 9.
Today, I finished reading Pillars（脊梁）of the Nation, a book that tells the 1.
inspiring
（inspire）stories of China's greatest scientists.Written by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, it 2.
records
（record）the lives and achievements of people who made great contributions to our country. 3. The
book introduces great people such as Li Siguang and Qian Sanqiang.These scientists faced many difficulties. Some gave up their comfortable life abroad and returned 4.
to work
（work）for our homeland. Others changed their research directions 5. completely
（complete）when our nation needed them. Modern China is filled 6. with
their contributions and patriotism（爱国精神）.The stories of these wise people moved me deeply. Despite hardships, these scientists worked tirelessly, lighting the way with ideals and courage. Though many of these great minds have passed away, their 7.
stories
（story）live on. If they could see China's progress today, 8. how
proud they would be!As a Chinese student, I should learn from these great people. Their stories inspire 9.
me
（I）to study harder and contribute to China's future. I believe that with knowledge and perseverance, we 10. will achieve
（achieve）the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation!答案
1. inspiring
2. records
3. The
4. to work
5. completely
6. with
7. stories
8. how
9. me
10. will achieve
2. records
3. The
4. to work
5. completely
6. with
7. stories
8. how
9. me
10. will achieve
解析
【分析】本题为英语语法填空题，需结合语境、词性变化、语法规则（时态、冠词、感叹句等）及固定搭配逐个分析空格：先通读全文理解文章大意（介绍《国家脊梁》这本书及书中科学家的事迹），再针对每个空格，判断其在句中的成分、所需词性或语法结构，结合提示词或上下文确定答案。
【解析】1. 空格修饰名词stories，需用形容词，inspire的形容词形式为inspiring（鼓舞人心的），故填inspiring；
2. 主语it指代前文的书，为第三人称单数，全文时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填records；
3. 此处特指前文提到的《Pillars of the Nation》这本书，需用定冠词The，故填The；
4. 固定搭配return to do sth表示“返回去做某事”，此处指回国工作，故填to work；
5. 空格修饰动词短语changed their research directions，需用副词，complete的副词形式为completely（完全地），故填completely；
6. 固定搭配be filled with表示“充满”，故填with；
7. 空格前有形容词性物主代词their，且谓语动词为复数形式live，需用名词复数，story的复数为stories，故填stories；
8. 此处为感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，修饰形容词proud，故填how；
9. 空格在动词inspire后作宾语，需用宾格代词，I的宾格为me，故填me；
10. 此处为宾语从句，表达将来要发生的动作，用一般将来时，结构为will + 动词原形，故填will achieve；
【答案】1. inspiring
2. records
3. The
4. to work
5. completely
6. with
7. stories
8. how
9. me
10. will achieve
【知识点】形容词转换、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语基础语法知识，涵盖词性转换、时态、冠词、固定搭配、感叹句、代词等考点，需结合语境分析，难度适中，适合巩固基础语法。
【难度系数】0.7
【解析】1. 空格修饰名词stories，需用形容词，inspire的形容词形式为inspiring（鼓舞人心的），故填inspiring；
2. 主语it指代前文的书，为第三人称单数，全文时态为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填records；
3. 此处特指前文提到的《Pillars of the Nation》这本书，需用定冠词The，故填The；
4. 固定搭配return to do sth表示“返回去做某事”，此处指回国工作，故填to work；
5. 空格修饰动词短语changed their research directions，需用副词，complete的副词形式为completely（完全地），故填completely；
6. 固定搭配be filled with表示“充满”，故填with；
7. 空格前有形容词性物主代词their，且谓语动词为复数形式live，需用名词复数，story的复数为stories，故填stories；
8. 此处为感叹句，结构为“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语！”，修饰形容词proud，故填how；
9. 空格在动词inspire后作宾语，需用宾格代词，I的宾格为me，故填me；
10. 此处为宾语从句，表达将来要发生的动作，用一般将来时，结构为will + 动词原形，故填will achieve；
【答案】1. inspiring
2. records
3. The
4. to work
5. completely
6. with
7. stories
8. how
9. me
10. will achieve
【知识点】形容词转换、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查英语基础语法知识，涵盖词性转换、时态、冠词、固定搭配、感叹句、代词等考点，需结合语境分析，难度适中，适合巩固基础语法。
【难度系数】0.7
