一、根据括号中的中文提示，写出句中所缺单词，使句子通顺。
1. Are you clear what is （期待）of you?
2. It was very hot in the morning, but the weather （保持）cool all afternoon, so we went for a long walk.
3. The new museum uses modern technology to （吸引）more young visitors.
4. The scientist explained that the strong （茎）of the bamboo helps it grow straight and tall even in strong winds.
5. The treasure was （隐藏）deep under the ground for hundreds of years before it was discovered by the archaeologists.

1. expected 2. remained 3. attract 4. stem 5. hidden

【分析】
做这类根据中文提示填单词的题目时，需先分析句子的时态、语态或句子成分，再结合中文提示确定单词的正确形式：第1题是被动语态，需用动词过去分词；第2题由后半句时态确定为一般过去时，需用动词过去式；第3题是不定式结构，用动词原形；第4题形容词后接名词，用名词原形；第5题是被动语态，用动词过去分词。
【解析】
1. 句子为被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，中文“期待”对应动词expect，其过去分词为expected，故填expected；
2. 由后半句的went（过去式）可知，句子时态为一般过去时，中文“保持”对应动词remain，过去式为remained，故填remained；
3. 此处为不定式结构“to+动词原形”，中文“吸引”对应动词attract，用原形即可，故填attract；
4. 形容词strong后需接名词，中文“茎”对应名词stem，故填stem；
5. 句子为被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词”，中文“隐藏”对应动词hide，其过去分词为hidden，故填hidden。
【答案】
1. expected 2. remained 3. attract 4. stem 5. hidden
【知识点】
英语单词拼写、动词时态语态、名词用法
【点评】
本题是基础单词拼写题，考查核心词汇掌握及语法运用，难度适中，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.7

二、根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空，使短文完整通顺。
Plants: The Hidden Defenders(防御者)
Have you ever wondered how plants protect (they) from hungry insects? (like) animals, plants cannot run away. However, they have developed some amazing survival strategies.
Scientists have discovered that when a plant ______ (attack) by insects, it can release special chemicals into the air. These chemicals serve as an alarm call, warning its neighbouring plants of the danger. The neighbour plants then begin to produce their own defense substances to become ______ (tasty) to insects.
Although this chemical communication is well known, a recent study reveals an even (surprise) fact: plants can also “scream”. Researchers used a laser microphone to record tomato plants. The results showed that (stress) plants, such as those with cut stems, produced up to 50 sounds per hour. However, unstressed plants only made about one sound per hour.
While the pitch(音高) of these sounds is too high for human ears to detect, they can (hear) by other animals, like bats and mice. Scientists believe that listening to plants could be a (value) tool for farmers. By (hear) the “screams”, they would know (exact) when a field needs water or is being bothered by pests.
So, next time you walk through a quiet garden, remember that the plants around you
might be carrying on lively conversations.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

1. themselves 2. Unlike 3. is attacked 4. less tasty/tasteless 5. more surprising
6. stressed 7. be heard 8. valuable 9. hearing 10. exactly

【分析】
1. 第一空：主语是plants，动作protect的对象是主语自身，需用反身代词，they的反身代词为themselves；
2. 第二空：后文提到植物不能逃跑，与动物形成对比，需用表“不像”的介词，like的反义词为Unlike；
3. 第三空：主语plant与动词attack是被动关系（植物被攻击），需用一般现在时被动语态，结构为is+过去分词，故填is attacked；
4. 第四空：植物产生防御物质，目的是降低对昆虫的吸引力，需用tasty的比较级否定形式less tasty（或表“无味的”tasteless）；
5. 第五空：even修饰形容词比较级，此处修饰事物fact，用surprising的比较级more surprising；
6. 第六空：修饰名词plants，表“受胁迫的”，需用过去分词stressed作定语；
7. 第七空：主语they指代前文的sounds，与动词hear是被动关系，情态动词can后接被动结构be+过去分词，故填be heard；
8. 第八空：修饰名词tool，需用value的形容词形式valuable；
9. 第九空：介词by后接动名词作宾语，故填hear的动名词hearing；
10. 第十空：修饰动词know，需用exact的副词形式exactly。
【解析】
1. 第一空：根据语境，植物保护的是自身，故填反身代词themselves；
2. 第二空：结合“植物不能逃跑”与动物的对比，填介词Unlike；
3. 第三空：被动语态，一般现在时，主语plant为单数，故填is attacked；
4. 第四空：植物产生防御物质以降低对昆虫的吸引力，故填less tasty（或tasteless）；
5. 第五空：even修饰形容词比较级，修饰事物用more surprising；
6. 第六空：过去分词stressed作定语修饰plants，表“受胁迫的”；
7. 第七空：被动语态，情态动词can后接be heard；
8. 第八空：形容词valuable修饰名词tool；
9. 第九空：介词by后接动名词hearing；
10. 第十空：副词exactly修饰动词know。
【答案】
1. themselves 2. Unlike 3. is attacked 4. less tasty/tasteless 5. more surprising 6. stressed 7. be heard 8. valuable 9. hearing 10. exactly
【知识点】
词形转换、被动语态、反身代词
【点评】
本题为英语短文填空题型，围绕植物防御机制展开，考查学生在语境中运用词汇和语法的能力，涉及反身代词、介词、被动语态等知识点，需结合上下文逻辑分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6