一、按要求完成句子,每空一词。
1. The news is exciting.(改为感叹句)
the news is! = news it is!
2. The flowers are very sweet.(改为感叹句)
they are! = the flowers are!
3. They are having a great time.(改为由 what引导的感叹句)
great time they are having!
4. The singer sings very well.(改为由 how引导的感叹句)
the singer !
5. What interesting stories they are!(改为由 how引导的感叹句)
the stories !
6. How fresh the air is!(改为由 what引导的感叹句)
it is!
7. What strong boys they are!(改为单数句)
he is!
8. She loves her son very much.(改为感叹句强调love)
she her son!

1. How exciting;What exciting 2. What sweet flowers;How sweet 3. What a 4. How well;sings 5. How interesting;are 6. What fresh air 7. What a strong boy 8. How;loves

【分析】
本题考查英语感叹句的两种核心结构（how引导、what引导）及相关句型转换，解题思路为：①牢记感叹句规则：how修饰形容词/副词，结构为How + adj./adv. + 主语+谓语；what修饰名词，结构为What + (a/an) + adj. + 名词 + 主语+谓语（不可数名词不用a/an）；②根据每个句子的核心成分（形/副或名词）选择对应引导词；③单数转换需调整名词、be动词等为单数形式；④强调动词时用How + 主语+谓语的结构，按此规则逐一分析每道小题即可。
【解析】
1. 原句中exciting为形容词，用how引导感叹句：How exciting the news is!；news为不可数名词，what引导时无需a/an，故为What exciting news it is!
2. 核心名词为flowers，sweet修饰flowers，what引导时为What sweet flowers they are!；how修饰形容词sweet，故为How sweet the flowers are!
3. have a great time为名词短语，what引导需加不定冠词a，故为What a great time they are having!
4. 强调修饰动词sings的副词well，用how引导，结构为How well + 主语+谓语，故为How well the singer sings!
5. what引导的感叹句改how时，将形容词interesting提前，结构为How interesting + 主语+谓语，故为How interesting the stories are!
6. how引导的感叹句改what时，air为不可数名词，结构为What + adj. + 不可数名词，故为What fresh air it is!
7. 复数感叹句改单数时，boys改为单数boy，加不定冠词a，故为What a strong boy he is!
8. 强调动词love，用How + 主语+谓语的结构，故为How she loves her son!
【答案】
1. How exciting;What exciting 2. What sweet flowers;How sweet 3. What a 4. How well;sings 5. How interesting;are 6. What fresh air 7. What a strong boy 8. How;loves
【知识点】
how引导的感叹句、what引导的感叹句、句型转换
【点评】
本题为初中英语基础语法题，聚焦感叹句的核心结构运用及句型转换，需学生精准掌握how与what引导感叹句的区别，注意名词的可数性、单复数变化，以及强调动词的特殊感叹结构，整体难度适中，是对基础语法的常规考查。
【难度系数】
0.6

二、用 what 或 how 填空。
Mr Wu:The Songhua River runs through Heilongjiang and Jilin and it's about 2,300 kilometres long.
Daniel:Wow! 9. a long river!
Mr Wu:The land along the Songhua River is very good for growing corn. There are many large farms there.
Daniel:10. useful! The farmers must love the river.
Mr Wu:Yes. And the landscape along the river is very beautiful.
Daniel:11. wonderful! What's the best way to see the Songhua River?
Mr Wu:Just take a boat trip,and you can enjoy the nice views along the river.
Daniel:12. interesting! I love learning about new places.
Mr Wu:I'll ask each student to talk about their favourite landscape next week.
Daniel:13. a good idea! That will be really fun!
三、根据括号内的汉语提示补全对话。
A:Hi, Betty! I heard you cooked a yummy meal yesterday. 14. （那真是棒极了!）You know it's really hard for me.
B:Oh,it's not so tough(艰难的）once you learn the way. You should give it a shot more often.
A:But I always feel a bit scared in the kitchen. Like last time,I tried to make fried eggs and it ended up all messed up.
B:Don't worry. 15. （它是多么简单的一道菜啊!）First,you need to stir the eggs well. Then heat the pan the right way.
A:Oh,I see. I guess I didn't heat the pan correctly.
16. （我犯了多么愚蠢的一个错误啊!） Then what should I do?
B:Pour in the stirred eggs gently. And you can put some veggies or ham if you want. Stir them a bit. 17. （闻起来真香啊!）
A:It sounds much easier when you tell me. I can't wait to go home and try again. Thanks a lot!
B:You're welcome. Have fun cooking and enjoy your new skills. 18. （这能是一段多么酷的经历啊!）

9. What 10. How 11. How 12. How 13. What 14. How great that is! 15. What an easy dish it is! 16. What a silly mistake I made! 17. How nice it smells! 18. What a cool experience it can be!

【分析】
本题考查英语中what和how引导的感叹句的用法，解题思路是：先明确两种感叹句的核心结构——What引导的感叹句结构为“What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 可数名词单数/复数/不可数名词 + 主语+谓语！”，How引导的感叹句结构为“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语+谓语！”；再结合每道题后接的内容（是名词短语还是形容词/副词），判断使用哪种引导词；补全对话部分需结合括号内汉语，转换为符合结构的正确英语感叹句。
【解析】
第二部分（用what或how填空）：
9. 后接“a long river”（“a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数”结构），符合What引导的感叹句结构，故填What；
10. 后接形容词useful，符合How引导的感叹句结构，故填How；
11. 后接形容词wonderful，符合How引导的感叹句结构，故填How；
12. 后接形容词interesting，符合How引导的感叹句结构，故填How；
13. 后接“a good idea”（“a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数”结构），符合What引导的感叹句结构，故填What。
第三部分（补全对话）：
14. 对应汉语“那真是棒极了”，转换为符合How引导的感叹句结构的表达：How great that is!；
15. 对应汉语“它是多么简单的一道菜啊”，转换为符合What引导的感叹句结构的表达：What an easy dish it is!；
16. 对应汉语“我犯了多么愚蠢的一个错误啊”，转换为符合What引导的感叹句结构的表达：What a silly mistake I made!；
17. 对应汉语“闻起来真香啊”，转换为符合How引导的感叹句结构的表达：How nice it smells!；
18. 对应汉语“这能是一段多么酷的经历啊”，转换为符合What引导的感叹句结构的表达：What a cool experience it can be!。
【答案】
9. What 10. How 11. How 12. How 13. What 14. How great that is! 15. What an easy dish it is! 16. What a silly mistake I made! 17. How nice it smells! 18. What a cool experience it can be!
【知识点】
英语感叹句的构成、感叹句的句式运用
【点评】
本题围绕初中英语核心考点——感叹句展开，既考查what和how引导感叹句的结构区分，又结合补全对话考查句式转换，题型基础且贴合日常交际，能有效检验学生对感叹句的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6