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二、阅读理解
Our grandparents seem to have magic powers sometimes. Give them a Chinese lunar calendar, and they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later. What's the secret? They are following the 24 Solar Terms, which is an important part of Chinese culture. And on Nov. 30, 2016, the United Nations added it to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类非物质文化遗产).
In ancient times, most Chinese people made their living on farms. So, weather changes were important to them. Without satellites', the internet's or the weather broadcast's help, ancient Chinese people studied the sun's movement with a sundial(日晷). They also paid attention to other natural changes such as air temperature, water and crop growth. As early as the Shang Dynasty, the Chinese ancestors had already established four major Solar Terms. During the Zhou Dynasty, eight Solar Terms marking the four seasons were established. Until the Han Dynasty, the present 24 Solar Terms were established completely. The terms became a guide to farming work. For example, the Awakening of Insects is when insects wake up from a long sleep in the cold winter. Farmers take it as a sign of warm weather and get busy working.
The 24 Solar Terms were honoured as China's fifth great invention, after paper-making, printing, the compass and gunpowder. Now, people still say, "Do not show your feet after the White Dew." Why? It's because the White Dew marks the coming of cold days.
(
A. With the help of satellites.
B. With the help of the weather broadcast.
C. By learning from people working on farms.
D. By studying the sun's movement and other natural changes.
(
A. found out
B. showed off
C. set up
D. given away
(
A. changing weather
B. learning Chinese history
C. waking up insects
D. guiding people in farming work
(
A. Our grandparents have magic powers.
B. The Awakening of Insects is regarded as the start of cold winter.
C. The 24 Solar Terms were established step by step.
D. Weather changed more often in ancient times than now.
Our grandparents seem to have magic powers sometimes. Give them a Chinese lunar calendar, and they will know what the weather will be like days or even months later. What's the secret? They are following the 24 Solar Terms, which is an important part of Chinese culture. And on Nov. 30, 2016, the United Nations added it to the list of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity(人类非物质文化遗产).
In ancient times, most Chinese people made their living on farms. So, weather changes were important to them. Without satellites', the internet's or the weather broadcast's help, ancient Chinese people studied the sun's movement with a sundial(日晷). They also paid attention to other natural changes such as air temperature, water and crop growth. As early as the Shang Dynasty, the Chinese ancestors had already established four major Solar Terms. During the Zhou Dynasty, eight Solar Terms marking the four seasons were established. Until the Han Dynasty, the present 24 Solar Terms were established completely. The terms became a guide to farming work. For example, the Awakening of Insects is when insects wake up from a long sleep in the cold winter. Farmers take it as a sign of warm weather and get busy working.
The 24 Solar Terms were honoured as China's fifth great invention, after paper-making, printing, the compass and gunpowder. Now, people still say, "Do not show your feet after the White Dew." Why? It's because the White Dew marks the coming of cold days.
(
D
) 1. How did the 24 Solar Terms come into being?A. With the help of satellites.
B. With the help of the weather broadcast.
C. By learning from people working on farms.
D. By studying the sun's movement and other natural changes.
(
C
) 2. The underlined word "established" is closest in meaning to "".A. found out
B. showed off
C. set up
D. given away
(
D
) 3. The 24 Solar Terms can be used for .A. changing weather
B. learning Chinese history
C. waking up insects
D. guiding people in farming work
(
C
) 4. What can we learn from the passage?A. Our grandparents have magic powers.
B. The Awakening of Insects is regarded as the start of cold winter.
C. The 24 Solar Terms were established step by step.
D. Weather changed more often in ancient times than now.
答案
1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C
解析
【分析】
做此类英语阅读理解题时，需根据题目类型（细节理解、词义猜测等）回到原文定位关键信息：第1题考查24节气的形成方式，需找古代人研究的内容；第2题考查词义猜测，要结合上下文语境推断划线词含义；第3题考查24节气的用途，需找原文中提到的作用；第4题考查细节判断，需逐一核对选项与原文表述是否一致。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段“ancient Chinese people studied the sun's movement with a sundial... They also paid attention to other natural changes such as air temperature, water and crop growth”可知，24节气是通过研究太阳运动和其他自然变化形成的，A、B是现代手段，与古代无关，C未提及，故选D。
2. 第2题：划线词“established”所在句意为“中国祖先已经________四个主要节气”，结合后文周朝、汉朝逐步完善节气的表述，此处“established”表示“建立”，与“set up”含义最接近，A（发现）、B（炫耀）、D（赠送）均不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：根据原文第二段“The terms became a guide to farming work”可知，24节气用于指导农事，A（改变天气）、B（学中国历史）、C（唤醒昆虫）均不符合，故选D。
4. 第4题：原文提到商朝确立4个节气、周朝确立8个、汉朝完全确立24个，说明24节气是逐步建立的；A中“magic powers”是比喻，不是真的有魔力；B中惊蛰是温暖天气的标志，不是寒冬开始；D中未提及古代天气变化频率，故选C。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文围绕中国传统文化24节气展开，题目侧重基础细节理解和词义猜测，需学生精准定位原文信息，既考查阅读能力，又传递了中国传统文化知识，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
做此类英语阅读理解题时，需根据题目类型（细节理解、词义猜测等）回到原文定位关键信息：第1题考查24节气的形成方式，需找古代人研究的内容；第2题考查词义猜测，要结合上下文语境推断划线词含义；第3题考查24节气的用途，需找原文中提到的作用；第4题考查细节判断，需逐一核对选项与原文表述是否一致。
【解析】
1. 第1题：根据原文第二段“ancient Chinese people studied the sun's movement with a sundial... They also paid attention to other natural changes such as air temperature, water and crop growth”可知，24节气是通过研究太阳运动和其他自然变化形成的，A、B是现代手段，与古代无关，C未提及，故选D。
2. 第2题：划线词“established”所在句意为“中国祖先已经________四个主要节气”，结合后文周朝、汉朝逐步完善节气的表述，此处“established”表示“建立”，与“set up”含义最接近，A（发现）、B（炫耀）、D（赠送）均不符合，故选C。
3. 第3题：根据原文第二段“The terms became a guide to farming work”可知，24节气用于指导农事，A（改变天气）、B（学中国历史）、C（唤醒昆虫）均不符合，故选D。
4. 第4题：原文提到商朝确立4个节气、周朝确立8个、汉朝完全确立24个，说明24节气是逐步建立的；A中“magic powers”是比喻，不是真的有魔力；B中惊蛰是温暖天气的标志，不是寒冬开始；D中未提及古代天气变化频率，故选C。
【答案】
1.D 2.C 3.D 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、词义猜测题
【点评】
本文围绕中国传统文化24节气展开，题目侧重基础细节理解和词义猜测，需学生精准定位原文信息，既考查阅读能力，又传递了中国传统文化知识，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
