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Ⅲ.短文阅读
You know that dust storms（沙尘暴）happen on Earth. But do you know they can happen on Mars too? Now, Chinese scientists have a powerful new tool called the GoMars model. It can simulate（模拟）the dust cycle on the Red Planet.
According to Xinhua News, Mars is like Earth's close "sister" planet. Studying it could tell us about how life began, and one day, it might even become a future home for human beings. However, we still don't know much about the weather on Mars, especially its dust cycle. This cycle is very complicated（复杂的）because dust, thin air, and ground wind all work together. Big dust storms can cover the sky, making it hard for rovers to work and making challenges for future space tasks. ▲
The GoMars model first came out in 2023. It's very powerful because it can simulate the movement of not just dust, but also water and carbon dioxide($CO_2$) on Mars. In a new study, scientists used it to study how dust moves over a very long time—more than 100 years. The model also made an interesting discovery: dust activity on Mars is the strongest between 12 p. m. and 1 p. m. local time.
This research is very important. It helps scientists understand real-time weather on Mars, almost like having a weather forecast（预报）for another planet. In the future, when Chinese astronauts land on Mars, this knowledge will help them pick safer times and places to explore, getting us ready to learn more about our "red neighbour".
(
A. By listing numbers.
B. By asking a question.
C. By giving an example.
(
A. Stop dust storms on Mars.
B. Bring water and $CO_2$ to Mars.
C. Simulate the movement of dust, water and $CO_2$ on Mars.
(
A. Besides, Mars is very cold at night.
B. However, Mars is very far from Earth.
C. That's why we need good tools to study them.
(
A. A New Tool for Studying Mars' Dust Storms
B. Creative Weather Forecasts on Earth
C. How to Become a Spaceman on Mars
You know that dust storms（沙尘暴）happen on Earth. But do you know they can happen on Mars too? Now, Chinese scientists have a powerful new tool called the GoMars model. It can simulate（模拟）the dust cycle on the Red Planet.
According to Xinhua News, Mars is like Earth's close "sister" planet. Studying it could tell us about how life began, and one day, it might even become a future home for human beings. However, we still don't know much about the weather on Mars, especially its dust cycle. This cycle is very complicated（复杂的）because dust, thin air, and ground wind all work together. Big dust storms can cover the sky, making it hard for rovers to work and making challenges for future space tasks. ▲
The GoMars model first came out in 2023. It's very powerful because it can simulate the movement of not just dust, but also water and carbon dioxide($CO_2$) on Mars. In a new study, scientists used it to study how dust moves over a very long time—more than 100 years. The model also made an interesting discovery: dust activity on Mars is the strongest between 12 p. m. and 1 p. m. local time.
This research is very important. It helps scientists understand real-time weather on Mars, almost like having a weather forecast（预报）for another planet. In the future, when Chinese astronauts land on Mars, this knowledge will help them pick safer times and places to explore, getting us ready to learn more about our "red neighbour".
(
B
)11. How does the writer start the passage?A. By listing numbers.
B. By asking a question.
C. By giving an example.
(
C
)12. What can the GoMars model do?A. Stop dust storms on Mars.
B. Bring water and $CO_2$ to Mars.
C. Simulate the movement of dust, water and $CO_2$ on Mars.
(
C
)13. Which sentence can best fill in ▲?A. Besides, Mars is very cold at night.
B. However, Mars is very far from Earth.
C. That's why we need good tools to study them.
(
A
)14. Which is the best title for the passage?A. A New Tool for Studying Mars' Dust Storms
B. Creative Weather Forecasts on Earth
C. How to Become a Spaceman on Mars
答案
11. B
12. C
13. C
14. A
12. C
13. C
14. A
解析
【分析】
11题：解题思路：先定位文章开头，文章开篇用“But do you know they can happen on Mars too?”的问句引出话题，判断开头方式为提问，对应选项B。
12题：解题思路：根据题干关键词“GoMars model”定位到第三段，原文明确说明该模型能模拟火星上尘埃、水和二氧化碳的运动，逐一排除错误选项（A“阻止沙尘暴”、B“带水和CO₂到火星”均与原文不符），确定选C。
13题：解题思路：空格前内容指出火星尘埃循环复杂、沙尘暴带来挑战，需找衔接句。选项C“那就是我们需要好工具研究它们的原因”承接上文的研究需求，A、B选项内容与上下文话题无关，故选C。
14题：解题思路：梳理全文主旨，文章围绕研究火星尘埃循环的新工具GoMars模型展开，对应选项A；B选项“地球天气预报”偏离主题，C选项“成为宇航员”与文章核心无关，故选A。
【解析】
11题：文章开头通过问句“But do you know they can happen on Mars too?”引出话题，因此作者以提问方式开篇，答案为B。
12题：根据第三段“It's very powerful because it can simulate the movement of not just dust, but also water and carbon dioxide(CO₂) on Mars.”可知，GoMars模型能模拟火星上尘埃、水和二氧化碳的运动，A、B选项表述与原文不符，答案为C。
13题：空格前说明火星尘埃循环复杂、沙尘暴带来挑战，选项C“That's why we need good tools to study them.”承接上文的研究需求，符合逻辑；A、B选项话题不相关，答案为C。
14题：全文围绕研究火星尘埃循环的新工具GoMars模型展开，A选项“A New Tool for Studying Mars' Dust Storms”概括主旨；B、C选项偏离核心，答案为A。
【答案】
11.B 12.C 13.C 14.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，题型包含细节理解、句子还原和主旨大意，考查学生对文章信息的定位、提取及逻辑推理能力，话题贴近科学研究，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
11题：解题思路：先定位文章开头，文章开篇用“But do you know they can happen on Mars too?”的问句引出话题，判断开头方式为提问，对应选项B。
12题：解题思路：根据题干关键词“GoMars model”定位到第三段，原文明确说明该模型能模拟火星上尘埃、水和二氧化碳的运动，逐一排除错误选项（A“阻止沙尘暴”、B“带水和CO₂到火星”均与原文不符），确定选C。
13题：解题思路：空格前内容指出火星尘埃循环复杂、沙尘暴带来挑战，需找衔接句。选项C“那就是我们需要好工具研究它们的原因”承接上文的研究需求，A、B选项内容与上下文话题无关，故选C。
14题：解题思路：梳理全文主旨，文章围绕研究火星尘埃循环的新工具GoMars模型展开，对应选项A；B选项“地球天气预报”偏离主题，C选项“成为宇航员”与文章核心无关，故选A。
【解析】
11题：文章开头通过问句“But do you know they can happen on Mars too?”引出话题，因此作者以提问方式开篇，答案为B。
12题：根据第三段“It's very powerful because it can simulate the movement of not just dust, but also water and carbon dioxide(CO₂) on Mars.”可知，GoMars模型能模拟火星上尘埃、水和二氧化碳的运动，A、B选项表述与原文不符，答案为C。
13题：空格前说明火星尘埃循环复杂、沙尘暴带来挑战，选项C“That's why we need good tools to study them.”承接上文的研究需求，符合逻辑；A、B选项话题不相关，答案为C。
14题：全文围绕研究火星尘埃循环的新工具GoMars模型展开，A选项“A New Tool for Studying Mars' Dust Storms”概括主旨；B、C选项偏离核心，答案为A。
【答案】
11.B 12.C 13.C 14.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、主旨大意题
【点评】
本题为英语阅读理解题，题型包含细节理解、句子还原和主旨大意，考查学生对文章信息的定位、提取及逻辑推理能力，话题贴近科学研究，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
