一、完形填空 兴趣成就梦想
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:7分钟
[2025 安徽中考] When I was at school, I didn't think I was good at anything. The other children learned things 1, but I didn't. The only thing that 2 me was the car. I spent ages looking into how my mum's old car worked. But my mum wasn't interested in cars at all, and she was 3 me going on about them all the time.
One day, there was a school trip. I woke up early to 4 the bus. We were going down the road when the bus suddenly 5. I thought we had run out of petrol (汽油), but the driver told us there was something 6 with the engine (发动机) and that he would have to call the garage (汽车修理厂). I 7 to see for myself and soon worked out what to do: I just needed to put back a cable (电线). After ten minutes, the bus was on the road again. And everyone on the bus 8 me.
After that, I realized there was something I could 9. When I left school, I 10 my own car repair business. Now, I'm doing really well.
1. A. carelessly
B. openly
C. nervously
D. quickly
2. A. feared
B. excited
C. broke
D. troubled
3. A. tired of
B. proud of
C. patient with
D. pleased with
4. A. park
B. repair
C. drive
D. catch
5. A. arrived
B. left
C. stopped
D. appeared
6. A. common
B. wrong
C. new
D. similar
7. A. offered
B. failed
C. forgot
D. refused
8. A. collected
B. guarded
C. praised
D. controlled
9. A. mix
B. do
C. add
D. dry
10. A. set up
B. heard of
C. called at
D. gave away

【解题导语】 作者在一次学校旅行途中，成功将大巴车修理好，赢得了大家的称赞。这次经历让作者意识到自己可以有所作为，毕业后他创办了自己的汽车修理公司。
1.D 根据空前的“When I was at school, I didn’t think I was good at anything”及空后的“but I didn’t”可推知，其他孩子学东西很快，但作者却不是这样。carelessly“粗心地”；openly“公开地”；nervously“紧张地”；quickly“快速地”。故选D。
2.B 根据空后的“I spent ages looking into how my mum’s old car worked”可知，唯一能让作者感到兴奋的事物是汽车。fear“害怕”；excite“使兴奋”；break“打败，毁掉（某人）”；trouble“使苦恼”。故选B。
3.A 利用语境推断解题
①分析句子：
But my mum wasn’t interested in cars at all, and she was “我”妈妈对汽车毫无兴趣
3 me going on about them all the time. 总是没完没了地谈论它们(汽车)
②锁定答案：
空前提到妈妈对汽车毫无兴趣，因此，对于作者总是没完了地谈论汽车，作者的妈妈应是厌倦的。be tired of“对……感到厌倦”；be proud of“以……为傲”；be patient with“对……有耐心”；be pleased with“对……感到满意”。故选A。
4.D 根据语境可知此处表示作者早起去赶车。park“停放(汽车等)”；repair“修理”；drive“驾驶”；catch“及时赶上”。故选D。
5.C 根据空后的“I thought we had run out of petrol (汽油)”可知，大巴车在行驶的过程中突然停了下来。arrive“到达”；leave“离开”；stop“停下”；appear“出现”。故选C。
6.B 根据空后的“he would have to call the garage (汽车修理厂)”可知，司机需要给汽车修理厂打电话，应是发动机出故障了。common“普遍的”；wrong“有问题的”；new“新的”；similar“相似的”。故选B。
7.A 根据空后的“soon worked out what to do”可知，作者想出了解决办法，所以空处应是指作者主动提出要自己去看看(大巴车到底出了什么故障)。offer to do sth.“主动提出做某事”；fail to do sth.“未能成功完成某事”；forget to do sth.“忘记去做某事”；refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。故选A。
8.C 根据上文中的“I just needed to put back a cable (电线). After ten minutes, the bus was on the road again”可知，作者解决了车的故障，车又重新行驶在道路上，因此可推知车上的人赞扬了作者。collect“收集，接走”；guard“保卫”；praise“称赞”；control“控制”。故选C。
9.B 作者在文章开头提到他认为自己不擅长任何事情，但修理好故障车后，作者意识到自己也有能做的事。mix“混合”；do“做”；add“添加”；dry“使变干”。故选B。
10.A 根据空后的“my own car repair business”可知，此处指作者毕业后创办了自己的汽车修理公司。set up“建立，创办”；hear of“听说”；call at“停靠”；give away“赠送”。故选A。

【分析】
做完形填空需遵循“先通览，后逐空”的思路：首先通读全文，把握文章主旨（本文讲述作者从认为自己不擅长任何事，到因对汽车感兴趣，在学校旅行中成功修好故障大巴，获得众人认可，最终创办汽车修理公司的经历）；再针对每个空，结合上下文语境、词义辨析、固定搭配等方法分析选项：如第1题由转折连词but可知，前后语义相反，前文说自己不擅长，故其他孩子学东西快，选quickly；第2题由后文作者花费时间研究妈妈的车，可知汽车能让作者兴奋，选excited；第3题由妈妈对汽车毫无兴趣，可知她厌倦作者谈论汽车，选tired of；后续各空均需结合前后文逻辑、词汇含义及固定搭配逐一判断，确保答案符合语境。
【解析】
1. D 由空前“我不认为自己擅长任何事”及空后“但我不是”可知，前后语义转折，其他孩子学东西快，quickly符合语境，故选D。
2. B 由后文“我花时间研究妈妈的旧车如何工作”可知，汽车是唯一让作者兴奋的事物，excite意为“使兴奋”，故选B。
3. A 由空前“妈妈对汽车毫无兴趣”可知，她厌倦作者总谈论汽车，be tired of意为“对……感到厌倦”，故选A。
4. D 此处表示作者早起赶公交，catch the bus是固定搭配，意为“赶公交”，故选D。
5. C 由后文“我以为我们没油了”可知，大巴车突然停下，stop意为“停下”，故选C。
6. B 由后文“司机要给汽车修理厂打电话”可知，发动机出了故障，something wrong意为“有问题”，故选B。
7. A 由后文“很快想出办法”可知，作者主动提出自己查看，offer to do sth.意为“主动提出做某事”，故选A。
8. C 由前文作者修好大巴车可知，车上的人赞扬了他，praise意为“称赞”，故选C。
9. B 作者修好车后意识到自己能做某事，do符合语境，故选B。
10. A 此处表示作者毕业后创办自己的汽车修理公司，set up意为“建立，创办”，故选A。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A
【知识点】
完形填空、词义辨析、固定搭配
【点评】
本文为记叙文，围绕“兴趣成就梦想”的主题展开，通过作者的亲身经历传递了发现自身特长、坚持兴趣的重要性，是中考常见的完形填空题材。解题需注重语境理解与词汇的语境运用，适合中等水平学生练习，能有效提升语境分析能力。
【难度系数】
0.5

二、阅读理解 从北大到敦煌
素养:思维品质 难度:中 用时:7分钟
[2025 抚州十二校二检改编]
Five years ago, Zhong Fangrong entered Peking University to study archaeology (考古学) with high marks in gaokao. Her choice surprised many people at that time. She is working in Dunhuang after graduation, a city in Northwest China's Gansu province.
Zhong comes from a small village in Hunan province. She said she hoped to study archaeology at Peking University because she had been touched by the story of Chinese archaeologist Fan Jinshi, who spent her whole life protecting Dunhuang's cultural relics (文物). The story of Fan encouraged Zhong to dream of carrying out research in Dunhuang. It is a city famous for its important role in the ancient Silk Road and home to the Mogao Caves.
Many people questioned about her decision to study archaeology. They said studying archaeology would not allow her to find a job where she can make much money. However, Zhong said at the time that she did not place too much value on a job's pay. All she wanted was to realise her dreams.
In a speech at the university's graduation ceremony, Zhong shared her life and her feelings about the university. "We got professional (专业的) knowledge through six courses in archaeology and followed our professors to do research," Zhong said. "The excitement of new discoveries during the daily work was unforgettable. Each discovery during the research gave us a deeper understanding of archaeology, history and the world."
1. Why did Zhong want to study archaeology at Peking University?
A. She was born in a village with a long history.
B. She wanted to be a school friend of Fan Jinshi.
C. She was encouraged by the story of Fan Jinshi.
D. She hoped to have a high-paying job in the future.
2. What may be the most important thing for Zhong about choosing a job?
A. How far away her workplace is.
B. How the working conditions are.
C. How much money she can make.
D. Whether she can achieve her dreams.
3. What did Zhong mainly share in her speech?
A. Her growth during the studies and research.
B. Her feelings about the trouble in her studies.
C. Her thanks to the professors in the university.
D. Her excitement of graduating from the university.
4. What can we learn from Zhong's story?
A. A man can do no more than he can.
B. Follow your heart, not the crowd.
C. Knowledge starts with practice.
D. It is never too old to learn.

【解题导语】 本文介绍了钟芳蓉以高分报考北大考古系，坚持考古梦想的故事。
1.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She said she hoped to study archaeology at Peking University because she had been touched by the story of Chinese archaeologist Fan Jinshi”可知答案为C。
2.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Zhong said at the time that she did not place too much value on a job’s pay. All she wanted was to realise her dreams”可知答案为D。
3.A 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,钟芳蓉的演讲内容围绕她通过课程学习和实地研究获得的专业知识与成长展开,故选A。
4.B 推理判断题。通读全文,尤其根据第三段中的“However, Zhong said at the time that she did not place too much value on a job’s pay. All she wanted was to realise her dreams”可知,钟芳蓉面对外界质疑仍坚持理想,体现“追随内心,而非盲从他人”的精神,故选B。

【分析】
做英语阅读理解题时，首先需通读全文把握文章主旨，再根据题干中的关键词定位原文对应段落，细节理解题直接查找原文原句匹配选项，推理判断题需结合上下文内容及文章主旨进行合理推断。本题围绕钟芳蓉选择北大考古专业的故事展开，需逐一对应题干关键词定位原文，筛选正确答案。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“why study archaeology at Peking University”定位到第二段，原文提到“She said she hoped to study archaeology at Peking University because she had been touched by the story of Chinese archaeologist Fan Jinshi”，可知她受樊锦诗故事的触动，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解题：根据题干关键词“most important thing for Zhong about choosing a job”定位到第三段，原文提到“Zhong said at the time that she did not place too much value on a job’s pay. All she wanted was to realise her dreams”，可知她更看重实现梦想，对应选项D。
3. 推理判断题：根据题干关键词“shared in her speech”定位到第四段，内容围绕她通过考古课程学习和实地研究获得的专业知识与成长展开，对应选项A。
4. 推理判断题：通读全文，结合第三段钟芳蓉不看重高薪、坚持梦想的态度，可知她面对外界质疑仍追随内心，而非盲从他人，对应选项B。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.B
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、推理判断题
【点评】
本文通过钟芳蓉选择北大考古专业并坚持梦想的故事，考查学生的信息定位、细节查找及主旨推理能力，引导学生树立坚持理想、不盲从他人的价值观，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6