2026年课时提优计划作业本八年级英语上册译林版苏州专版第117页答案
一、根据汉语注释或首字母提示写出单词
1. Be careful! Don't
shake
(摇动)the ladder!
2. We heard a sudden
shout
(喊叫)in the distance and all of us felt scared.
3. She used all her strength to raise her
voice
(嗓音)so the firefighters could hear her.
4. The paper will b
burn
easily, so keep it away from fire.
5. The structure of the building was too w
weak
to withstand(经受住)the shaking.

答案

1. shake 2. shout 3. voice 4. burn 5. weak

解析

【分析】
本题是根据汉语注释或首字母提示填写单词,解题思路为:先分析每个句子的语法结构,确定所需单词的词性,再结合汉语意思或首字母提示,填写正确的单词形式。具体来看:1. 句中don't后需接动词原形,结合汉语“摇动”填动词;2. a后接单数名词,结合汉语“喊叫”填名词;3. 表示人的“嗓音”用对应单词;4. 结合“远离火”的提示和首字母b确定单词;5. 结合“不能经受摇晃”和首字母w确定单词。
【解析】
1. don't后接动词原形,汉语“摇动”对应单词shake,故填shake;
2. a后接单数可数名词,汉语“喊叫”对应单词shout,故填shout;
3. 表示人的嗓音用名词voice,故填voice;
4. 结合“远离火”及首字母b,可知是“燃烧”的意思,对应单词burn,故填burn;
5. 结合“不能经受摇晃”及首字母w,可知是“虚弱的”,对应单词weak,故填weak。
【答案】
1. shake 2. shout 3. voice 4. burn 5. weak
【知识点】
单词拼写(根据提示填单词)
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的拼写与运用,属于常见基础题型,掌握常见单词的词义和词性即可轻松解答。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、选词补全短文
cover danger emergency calm down pay attention to
Safety is important in our daily life. We need to know how to keep safe. When we walk on the road, we must
pay attention to
1
the traffic lights. We shouldn't cross the road when the light is red. It's dangerous to play on the road because there are many cars and bikes. If we are in a fire, we should
calm down
2
and find the
emergency
3
exit quickly. We mustn't take the lift. We should
cover
4
our mouth and nose with wet cloth and run out. Remember, fire is very useful, but it can also be
dangerous
5
.
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

答案

1. pay attention to 2. calm down 3. emergency 4. cover 5. dangerous

解析

【分析】首先明确给出的词汇及短语含义:cover(覆盖)、danger(危险,名词)、emergency(紧急情况)、calm down(冷静)、pay attention to(注意)。接着结合每个空的语境分析:1. 走路时需注意交通灯,对应短语pay attention to;2. 遇到火灾应保持冷静,对应短语calm down;3. “紧急出口”是固定搭配emergency exit,选emergency;4. “用……覆盖……”是固定搭配cover...with...,此处指用湿布覆盖口鼻,选cover;5. 此处需形容词作表语,danger的形容词是dangerous,意为“危险的”,符合语境。
【解析】1. 句意为“走路时必须注意交通灯”,pay attention to表示“注意”,符合语境;2. 火灾发生时应先冷静,calm down表示“冷静下来”,符合逻辑;3. emergency exit是固定短语,意为“紧急出口”,故填emergency;4. cover...with...是固定搭配,意为“用……覆盖……”,此处指用湿布覆盖口鼻,填cover;5. 此处需形容词作表语,danger的形容词形式是dangerous,意为“危险的”,符合句意。
【答案】1. pay attention to 2. calm down 3. emergency 4. cover 5. dangerous
【知识点】动词短语、名词、形容词
【点评】本题考查常用短语及词汇在语境中的运用,需结合上下文逻辑和固定搭配选择,难度适中,适合基础阶段的词汇运用练习。
【难度系数】0.8
(
C
)1. After the typhoon, people saw the
damage to their village.

A.natural
B.sudden
C.terrible
D.clear

答案

1. C

解析

【分析】
这是一道形容词词义辨析题,解题时需先理解句子语境,再分析各选项形容词的含义,结合语境选出最恰当的一项。句子表达的是“台风过后,人们看到村庄遭受的______损害”,需要选一个修饰“damage(损害)”且符合台风带来的损害特点的形容词。
【解析】
逐一分析选项:A选项natural意为“自然的”,台风是自然灾害,但此处强调损害的程度而非属性;B选项sudden意为“突然的”,台风的到来是突然的,但损害本身并非侧重“突然”的特点;C选项terrible意为“可怕的、严重的”,台风过后的损害是严重且可怕的,符合语境;D选项clear意为“清楚的”,与台风损害的特点不符。因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
形容词词义辨析
【点评】
本题考查形容词在具体语境中的运用,需掌握常见形容词的词义,并能结合语境选择合适词汇,属于基础词汇类题目。
【难度系数】
0.7
(
D
)2. We were very excited to know that Simon was
after the earthquake.

A.lived
B.living
C.live
D.alive

答案

2. D

解析

【分析】首先理解句子含义:“我们非常兴奋得知Simon在地震后还活着”,本题需判断空格处的词性,句子中“was”是系动词,后面需要形容词作表语。接着辨析四个选项的词性与用法,结合语境选出正确答案。
【解析】句子结构为“主语+系动词+表语”,需形容词作表语。A选项lived是动词live的过去式/过去分词,不能作表语,排除;B选项living作形容词时多作定语(如living things),或表语侧重“尚在人世”,不符合此处语境;C选项live作形容词时意为“活的(多用于物)、现场的”,不符合;D选项alive是形容词,意为“活着的”,可作表语,符合“地震后存活”的句意,故选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】形容词词义辨析;系表结构
【点评】本题考查基础形容词的用法辨析,要求学生掌握表示“活着的”的形容词(alive、living、live)的区别,结合句子结构和语境即可选出答案,属于简单题。
【难度系数】0.8
(
A
)3. The two boys looked at each other
. They didn't know what to do.

A.in fear
B.afraid
C.frightened
D.in afraid

答案

3. A

解析

【分析】首先,题目需要一个能修饰动词短语“looked at each other”的成分作状语。先分析各选项:A选项“in fear”是固定介词短语,可在句中作状语;B选项“afraid”、C选项“frightened”是形容词,通常作表语或定语,不能作状语修饰动词;D选项“in afraid”是错误搭配,正确应为“in fear”。因此需选能作状语的正确固定短语。
【解析】句子中“looked at each other”是动词短语,需要状语修饰。A项“in fear”是固定介词短语,意为“害怕地”,可作状语修饰动词短语;B项“afraid”和C项“frightened”均为形容词,一般作表语或定语,无法作状语修饰动词;D项“in afraid”是错误固定搭配,正确表达为“in fear”。综上,答案选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】介词短语作状语;固定搭配辨析
【点评】本题考查固定短语用法及词性辨析,需明确形容词与介词短语在句中所作成分的差异,掌握正确的固定搭配。
【难度系数】0.5
(
B
)4. Everyone went to the party
Tom, because he was ill.

A.besides
B.except
C.unless
D.but

答案

4. B

解析

【分析】首先理解句子含义:“除了Tom之外,所有人都去了派对,因为他生病了”,需要选择表示“排除在外”的介词。先区分各选项用法:A选项besides表示“除…之外还有”(包含后面的对象);B选项except表示“除…之外(不包含)”,符合题意;C选项unless是连词,意为“除非”,不符合此处介词用法;D选项but作“除…之外”时,多与no、all等词连用,此处不合适。
【解析】句子意为“除了Tom,所有人都去了派对,因为他生病了”,需选表“排除”的介词。A项besides指“除…之外还有”(包含Tom),不符合句意;B项except指“除…之外(不包含)”,符合语境;C项unless是连词,表“除非”,语法结构不符;D项but表“除…之外”时,通常用于all、nobody等词后,此处不适用。故选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】介词辨析
【点评】本题考查表示“除…之外”的介词用法,需准确区分besides(包含)和except(排除)的核心差异,是英语基础考点,难度适中。
【难度系数】0.7
(
B
)5. The firemen worked hard to
the big fire in the building.

A.turn out
B.put out
C.bring out
D.break out

答案

5. B

解析

【分析】
本题考查英语动词短语的辨析,解题思路是先明确每个选项短语的含义,再结合句子语境(消防员的行为是处理大楼的大火),同时注意短语的用法,最终选出符合要求的选项。
【解析】
首先分析各选项短语:
A. turn out:意为“结果是;证明是”,不符合“处理大火”的语境;
B. put out:意为“扑灭(火);伸出”,符合“消防员扑灭大楼大火”的语境;
C. bring out:意为“出版;使显现”,与处理大火无关;
D. break out:意为“(火灾、战争等)爆发”,是不及物短语,不能接宾语,不符合句子结构。
结合句子“消防员努力________大楼里的大火”的语境,只有put out符合要求,因此选B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
动词短语辨析;词义辨析
【点评】
本题为基础的动词短语辨析题,需掌握常见动词短语的含义,结合语境即可快速选出答案,属于英语词汇部分的基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.3
四、短文填空
On the morning of April 10th, the news on TV $\underline{1}$ (report) that a strong wind was coming to the area. The expert advised that people should stay in houses $\underline{2}$ (keep) safe.
In the afternoon, the sky turned dark. And the wind was much $\underline{3}$ (strong) than it was in the morning. Everyone in the city became busy. Many people were buying food for the next three windy days while others were making $\underline{4}$ (they) way to the subway stations or the bus stations.
The school finished earlier, so Zhang Wei was at home at that time. He was about to close the windows when he $\underline{5}$ (notice) a cat outside. It was so small that the wind might blow it away. Zhang Wei opened the windows again and tried to let $\underline{6}$ come in. But it was too scared to move. How to save the cat? After some thought, Zhang Wei came up $\underline{7}$ an idea. He put some chicken in his hand and said, “Here, Kitty, dinner time!” Finally, the cat walked over. Zhang Wei picked it up $\underline{8}$ (quick) and put it in the house.
The strong wind didn't die down $\underline{9}$ the third day. When Zhang Wei went out, he found that some windows were broken and $\underline{10}$ (rubbish) was everywhere because of the wind. Zhang Wei joined the neighbours to help clean up the neighbourhood together. Although the wind broke things apart, it brought people closer.
1.
reported

2.
to keep

3.
stronger

4.
their

5.
noticed

6.
it

7.
with

8.
quickly

9.
until

10.
rubbish

答案

1. reported 2. to keep 3. stronger 4. their 5. noticed 6. it 7. with 8. quickly 9. until 10. rubbish

解析

【分析】
本题为英语短文填空题,需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配逐一分析每个空:
1. 第1空:根据时间状语"On the morning of April 10th",时态为一般过去时,动词用过去式;
2. 第2空:表目的,需用动词不定式;
3. 第3空:句中出现"than",需用形容词比较级;
4. 第4空:考查固定搭配"make one's way to",需对应主语的物主代词;
5. 第5空:考查固定结构"be about to do when...",从句用一般过去时;
6. 第6空:指代前文的"a cat",用单数代词;
7. 第7空:考查固定搭配"come up with";
8. 第8空:修饰动词,需用副词;
9. 第9空:考查固定搭配"not...until...";
10. 第10空:"rubbish"为不可数名词,无复数形式。
【解析】
1. 由时间状语"On the morning of April 10th"可知,时态为一般过去时,report的过去式为reported,故填reported;
2. 句意:专家建议人们待在家里以保证安全,此处表目的,用动词不定式to keep,故填to keep;
3. 句中出现比较级标志词than,strong的比较级为stronger,故填stronger;
4. 固定搭配make one's way to中,主语为others,对应形容词性物主代词their,故填their;
5. 固定结构be about to do sth. when...中,从句需用一般过去时,notice的过去式为noticed,故填noticed;
6. 此处指代前文提到的单数名词a cat,用人称代词宾格it,故填it;
7. 固定搭配come up with意为“想出”,故填with;
8. 此处修饰动词picked,需用副词,quick的副词形式为quickly,故填quickly;
9. 固定搭配not...until...意为“直到……才……”,符合句意,故填until;
10. rubbish为不可数名词,无复数形式,故填rubbish。
【答案】
1. reported 2. to keep 3. stronger 4. their 5. noticed 6. it 7. with 8. quickly 9. until 10. rubbish
【知识点】
一般过去时;动词不定式;形容词比较级;固定搭配
【点评】
本题围绕大风中救助小猫的记叙文展开,重点考查时态、非谓语动词、比较级及固定搭配等基础知识点,需结合语境和语法规则填空,难度适中,适合巩固初中英语基础。
【难度系数】
0.5