四、短文填空。
阅读下面短文,从方框内选择正确的单词并用其适当形式填空,使短文内容完整,意思通顺。
{hide, history, of, base, read, but, quick, he, the, secret}
新素材 《长安的荔枝》
Have you heard of The Litchi Road? It is a wonderful 1. novel by Ma Boyong. The story is 2. on real events from the Tang Dynasty.
Yang Guifei loved fresh lychees, 3. they only grew in the south. The emperor asked his men to bring lychees to Chang'an. This was a very difficult task because lychees spoiled(变质) 4. .
Li Shande, 5. clever official, got this important task. He had to find 6. ways to keep the lychees fresh. He worked 7. and faced many problems. Day by day, he tried different methods. He wanted to prove 8. and complete the task.
This story shows us the beautiful culture 9. ancient China. It's really worth 10. for all young people who love history.

1. historical 2. based 3. but 4. quickly 5. the 6. hidden 7. secretly 8. himself 9. of 10. reading

【分析】首先通读短文，理解文章围绕《长安的荔枝》的故事展开，结合方框内的单词，根据每个空格的语法功能（修饰名词、动词等）、语境及固定搭配，对单词进行适当变形（如词性转换、反身代词、过去分词等），从而完成填空。
【解析】1. 空格修饰名词novel，需用形容词，方框中history的形容词形式为historical，意为“历史的”，符合“一部精彩的历史小说”的语境，故填historical。
2. 固定搭配be based on表示“以……为基础”，此处指故事以唐代真实事件为基础，故填base的过去分词based。
3. 前句“杨贵妃爱新鲜荔枝”与后句“荔枝只长在南方”为转折关系，需用连词but，故填but。
4. 空格修饰动词spoiled，需用副词，quick的副词形式为quickly，意为“快速地”，说明荔枝易快速变质，故填quickly。
5. 此处特指上文提到的官员，需用定冠词the表特指，故填the。
6. 空格修饰名词ways，需用形容词，hide的形容词形式为hidden，意为“隐藏的”，符合“找到隐藏的保鲜方法”的语境，故填hidden。
7. 空格修饰动词worked，需用副词，secret的副词形式为secretly，意为“秘密地”，说明他秘密开展工作，故填secretly。
8. 固定搭配prove oneself表示“证明自己”，此处用he的反身代词himself，故填himself。
9. 表示“古代中国的文化”，用介词of表所属关系，故填of。
10. 固定搭配be worth doing表示“值得做某事”，此处用read的动名词形式reading，故填reading。
【答案】1. historical 2. based 3. but 4. quickly 5. the 6. hidden 7. secretly 8. himself 9. of 10. reading
【知识点】固定搭配的运用、词性转换、冠词与介词的用法
【点评】本题为短文填空题，围绕《长安的荔枝》故事展开，考查学生对词汇的词性转换、固定搭配及语境理解的能力，需结合语法知识和上下文逻辑完成填空，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5

五、阅读还原。（选项中有一项多余）
主题:人与社会——文学与艺术·文学作品鉴赏
体裁:说明文
难易度:☆☆☆
Have you ever read $20,000$ Leagues Under the Sea（《海底两万里》）? It is a classic science fiction novel by French writer Jules Verne.
The story begins in 1866, when ships of several countries see a strange sea monster（怪物） in the water. 1. ______ Professor Pierre Aronnax is invited to join the team.
Much to their surprise, they find that the monster is actually a submarine（潜水艇）, the Nautilus. 2.
Pierre Aronnax, Captain Nemo and some other people go on a long journey full of adventures under the sea. 3.
I think this novel is a great success. Jules Verne makes a wonderful underwater world filled with colour, life and beauty. 4. What's more, people think Jules Verne's description of the submarine is ahead of(比……更早) his time.
In fact, people can see many modern technologies in Jules Verne's books. I began to read Jules Verne's novel in 2015 and I have been a big fan of him ever since. 5.
A. They visit an island, kill sharks with air guns and have many other unusual experiences.
B. So I joined a writing club.
C. It belongs to Captain Nemo.
D. I want to introducethe great writer to more readers.
E. The United States government sends a team to find and kill the monster.
F. It brings much joy to me every time I read it.

1.E 2.C 3.A 4.F 5.D

【分析】
做阅读还原题时，需先通读全文把握语篇主题（围绕《海底两万里》的内容及评价），再分析每个空前后的语境，找到逻辑衔接点：1.第1空前文提到发现海怪，后文说教授加入队伍，需衔接“派队找海怪”的内容；2.第2空前文说怪物是潜水艇，后文提到尼摩船长，需说明潜水艇归属；3.第3空前文说海底冒险旅程，需补充冒险具体内容；4.第4空前文评价小说成功，后文说凡尔纳的描述超前，需衔接读小说的感受；5.第5空前文说成为凡尔纳的粉丝，需衔接粉丝的行动，同时排除与主题无关的多余选项。
【解析】
1. 第1空：前文提到各国船只发现海怪，后文说阿龙纳斯教授被邀请加入队伍，此处应是美国政府派队寻找并杀死海怪的内容，故选E。
2. 第2空：前文指出怪物实为潜水艇“鹦鹉螺号”，后文提到尼摩船长，此处应说明“鹦鹉螺号”的归属，故选C。
3. 第3空：前文提到“海底冒险旅程”，此处需补充冒险的具体内容，故选A。
4. 第4空：前文评价小说是成功之作，后文提及凡尔纳的描述超前，此处应衔接读小说的感受，故选F。
5. 第5空：前文说自己是凡尔纳的粉丝，此处应衔接粉丝的行动，即想把作家介绍给更多读者，故选D。多余选项B（加入写作俱乐部）与语篇主题无关，故排除。
【答案】
1.E 2.C 3.A 4.F 5.D
【知识点】
阅读还原、语篇衔接、文学作品鉴赏
【点评】
本题为阅读还原题，围绕经典科幻小说《海底两万里》的内容及评价展开，考查学生对语篇逻辑的理解和上下文衔接的能力，需结合作品内容与语境分析，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.3