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Ⅳ.阅读理解
情境 素材 珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪 「2025福建中考」
Deep under the Pacific Ocean lie coral reefs colored by some algae that live with corals. Corals usually provide nitrogen(氮) to algae, and in return they get carbon(碳), which gives them energy.
In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave turned more than 90 percent of these corals a pale, lifeless white. And it was believed that about 50 percent of reefs with beautiful corals might disappear by 2030. Heat waves warmed up the same Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015-2016, but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn’t influence the reefs as badly as the first. Maybe corals have found a way to adapt(适应).
Swimming to cooler waters is not a good choice for corals, for it makes them easily hurt by the changing climate. But corals are able to adapt. Some turn to those algae that can deal well with heat. Others can use rows of tiny hairs on their bodies to “fan” away too much harmful oxygen($O_2$) let out by stressed-out algae. Certain baby corals change their own metabolisms(新陈代谢) in order to fight the warming waters. But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.
After studying and understanding these adaptations, scientists are trying to find ways to help corals fight. If researchers can make corals accept
algae that can deal with heat pressure or if they energize genes(基因) that can deal with heat pressure, it will raise the corals’ chance of living through future ocean heat waves.
“When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful healthy reef with these colorful corals, I feel this pleasure of being in this underwater world,” a famous biologist says. “It will be really sad to see it dead. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight.”
23. What can we know from Paragraph 1?
A. Corals make algae more colorful.
B. Algae provide room for corals to live in.
C. Corals and algae depend on each other.
D. Algae produce nitrogen to influence corals.
24. 特色 考法 词汇指代题 What does the underlined part “the first” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The heat wave in the early 1980s.
B. The heat wave in the late 1990s.
C. The Pacific waters in 2015-2016.
D. The reefs’ disappearance by 2030.
25. What difficulty do corals face?
A. They cannot completely adapt to heat waves.
B. They cannot change their own metabolisms.
C. They have no ability to swim to cooler waters.
D. They have no ability to drive away harmful oxygen.
26. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It’s necessary to live with corals.
B. The ocean has become unhealthy.
C. We should try our best to save corals.
D. Making a study of the ocean is a must.
27. Which would be the best title for the text?
A. Corals Die Out
B. Corals Fight Back
C. Corals Break Down
D. Corals Come into Being
情境 素材 珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪 「2025福建中考」
Deep under the Pacific Ocean lie coral reefs colored by some algae that live with corals. Corals usually provide nitrogen(氮) to algae, and in return they get carbon(碳), which gives them energy.
In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave turned more than 90 percent of these corals a pale, lifeless white. And it was believed that about 50 percent of reefs with beautiful corals might disappear by 2030. Heat waves warmed up the same Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015-2016, but scientists noticed that these heat waves didn’t influence the reefs as badly as the first. Maybe corals have found a way to adapt(适应).
Swimming to cooler waters is not a good choice for corals, for it makes them easily hurt by the changing climate. But corals are able to adapt. Some turn to those algae that can deal well with heat. Others can use rows of tiny hairs on their bodies to “fan” away too much harmful oxygen($O_2$) let out by stressed-out algae. Certain baby corals change their own metabolisms(新陈代谢) in order to fight the warming waters. But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.
After studying and understanding these adaptations, scientists are trying to find ways to help corals fight. If researchers can make corals accept
algae that can deal with heat pressure or if they energize genes(基因) that can deal with heat pressure, it will raise the corals’ chance of living through future ocean heat waves.
“When I go down to the sea and see a beautiful healthy reef with these colorful corals, I feel this pleasure of being in this underwater world,” a famous biologist says. “It will be really sad to see it dead. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight.”
23. What can we know from Paragraph 1?
A. Corals make algae more colorful.
B. Algae provide room for corals to live in.
C. Corals and algae depend on each other.
D. Algae produce nitrogen to influence corals.
24. 特色 考法 词汇指代题 What does the underlined part “the first” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The heat wave in the early 1980s.
B. The heat wave in the late 1990s.
C. The Pacific waters in 2015-2016.
D. The reefs’ disappearance by 2030.
25. What difficulty do corals face?
A. They cannot completely adapt to heat waves.
B. They cannot change their own metabolisms.
C. They have no ability to swim to cooler waters.
D. They have no ability to drive away harmful oxygen.
26. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. It’s necessary to live with corals.
B. The ocean has become unhealthy.
C. We should try our best to save corals.
D. Making a study of the ocean is a must.
27. Which would be the best title for the text?
A. Corals Die Out
B. Corals Fight Back
C. Corals Break Down
D. Corals Come into Being
答案
Ⅳ.[语篇解读] 本文主要介绍了珊瑚虫在面对海洋热浪时所采取的一些适应措施,以及科学家们如何帮助珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪。
23.C 细节理解题。根据“Corals usually provide nitrogen to algae, and in return they get carbon, which gives them energy.”可知,珊瑚虫和海藻相互依赖。故选C。
24.A 词汇指代题。根据“In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave...”和“Heat waves warmed up the same Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015-2016”可知,“the first”指的是20世纪80年代早期的那次热浪。故选A。
25.A 细节理解题。根据“But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.”可知,虽然珊瑚虫已经有了一些适应热浪的方式,但这只能在一定程度上保护它们,由此可知,它们并不能完全对抗热浪。故选A。
26.C 推理判断题。根据“It will be really sad to see it dead. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight.”可推知,作者希望我们尽最大努力拯救珊瑚虫。故选C。
27.B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了珊瑚虫在面对海洋热浪时所采取的一些适应措施,以及科学家们如何帮助珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪,故B项是最合适的标题。
23.C 细节理解题。根据“Corals usually provide nitrogen to algae, and in return they get carbon, which gives them energy.”可知,珊瑚虫和海藻相互依赖。故选C。
24.A 词汇指代题。根据“In the early 1980s, a huge heat wave...”和“Heat waves warmed up the same Pacific waters in the late 1990s and again in 2015-2016”可知,“the first”指的是20世纪80年代早期的那次热浪。故选A。
25.A 细节理解题。根据“But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.”可知,虽然珊瑚虫已经有了一些适应热浪的方式,但这只能在一定程度上保护它们,由此可知,它们并不能完全对抗热浪。故选A。
26.C 推理判断题。根据“It will be really sad to see it dead. But that does drive you to want to use your skills and your love to help fight.”可推知,作者希望我们尽最大努力拯救珊瑚虫。故选C。
27.B 标题归纳题。通读全文可知,本文主要介绍了珊瑚虫在面对海洋热浪时所采取的一些适应措施,以及科学家们如何帮助珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪,故B项是最合适的标题。
解析
【分析】
本题是一篇关于珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪的英语阅读理解题，共5道小题，分别考查细节理解、词汇指代、细节理解、推理判断、标题归纳。解题思路如下：23题需定位第一段中珊瑚与海藻的关系描述，判断二者的依存关系；24题需根据上下文指代逻辑，找到前文提到的第一次热浪，确定the first的指代对象；25题需定位珊瑚适应措施的局限性相关语句，分析其面临的困难；26题需结合最后一段生物学家的表述，推断作者的意图；27题需通读全文，总结核心内容，选择最贴合主旨的标题。
【解析】
23. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Corals usually provide nitrogen to algae, and in return they get carbon, which gives them energy.”可知，珊瑚虫为海藻提供氮，海藻为珊瑚虫提供能量，二者相互依赖，故选C。
24. 词汇指代题。第二段先提到“in the early 1980s, a huge heat wave”，之后又提到“late 1990s”和“2015-2016”的热浪，结合语境可知“the first”指代20世纪80年代早期的那次热浪，故选A。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段“But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.”可知，珊瑚虫的适应措施只能在一定程度上保护自己，无法完全对抗热浪，故选A。
26. 推理判断题。最后一段生物学家表示看到珊瑚死亡会难过，这促使人们用技能和爱帮助珊瑚，由此可推断我们应尽力拯救珊瑚，故选C。
27. 标题归纳题。全文围绕珊瑚虫面对海洋热浪的适应措施及科学家的帮助展开，核心是珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪，故最合适的标题是“Corals Fight Back”，故选B。
【答案】
23.C 24.A 25.A 26.C 27.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、词汇指代题、推理判断、标题归纳
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解题，以生态保护为主题，题型覆盖细节理解、词汇指代、推理判断、标题归纳，全面考查学生的语篇理解能力，贴合中考命题趋势，引导学生关注海洋生态保护。
【难度系数】
0.6
本题是一篇关于珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪的英语阅读理解题，共5道小题，分别考查细节理解、词汇指代、细节理解、推理判断、标题归纳。解题思路如下：23题需定位第一段中珊瑚与海藻的关系描述，判断二者的依存关系；24题需根据上下文指代逻辑，找到前文提到的第一次热浪，确定the first的指代对象；25题需定位珊瑚适应措施的局限性相关语句，分析其面临的困难；26题需结合最后一段生物学家的表述，推断作者的意图；27题需通读全文，总结核心内容，选择最贴合主旨的标题。
【解析】
23. 细节理解题。根据第一段“Corals usually provide nitrogen to algae, and in return they get carbon, which gives them energy.”可知，珊瑚虫为海藻提供氮，海藻为珊瑚虫提供能量，二者相互依赖，故选C。
24. 词汇指代题。第二段先提到“in the early 1980s, a huge heat wave”，之后又提到“late 1990s”和“2015-2016”的热浪，结合语境可知“the first”指代20世纪80年代早期的那次热浪，故选A。
25. 细节理解题。根据第三段“But all these adaptations can protect themselves only to some degree.”可知，珊瑚虫的适应措施只能在一定程度上保护自己，无法完全对抗热浪，故选A。
26. 推理判断题。最后一段生物学家表示看到珊瑚死亡会难过，这促使人们用技能和爱帮助珊瑚，由此可推断我们应尽力拯救珊瑚，故选C。
27. 标题归纳题。全文围绕珊瑚虫面对海洋热浪的适应措施及科学家的帮助展开，核心是珊瑚虫对抗海洋热浪，故最合适的标题是“Corals Fight Back”，故选B。
【答案】
23.C 24.A 25.A 26.C 27.B
【知识点】
阅读理解细节理解、词汇指代题、推理判断、标题归纳
【点评】
本题为中考英语阅读理解题，以生态保护为主题，题型覆盖细节理解、词汇指代、推理判断、标题归纳，全面考查学生的语篇理解能力，贴合中考命题趋势，引导学生关注海洋生态保护。
【难度系数】
0.6
