7. 如图14-1-5所示,已知$AD⊥ BC$于点D,$△ ABD≌△ CFD$.
(1)若$BC=10$,$AD=7$,求$BD$的长.
(2)求证$CE⊥ AB$.

(1)若$BC=10$,$AD=7$,求$BD$的长.
(2)求证$CE⊥ AB$.
答案
(1)解:$\because △ ABD ≌ △ CFD$,
$\therefore AD=CD=7$.
$\because BC=10, \therefore BD=BC-CD=10-7=3$.
(2)证明:$\because AD ⊥ BC$,
$\therefore ∠ ADB=90°, \therefore ∠ B+∠ BAD=90°$.
$\because △ ABD ≌ △ CFD$,
$\therefore ∠ BAD=∠ FCD$,
$\therefore ∠ B+∠ FCD=90°$,
$\therefore ∠ CEB=180°-(∠ B+∠ FCD)=90°$,
$\therefore CE ⊥ AB$.
$\therefore AD=CD=7$.
$\because BC=10, \therefore BD=BC-CD=10-7=3$.
(2)证明:$\because AD ⊥ BC$,
$\therefore ∠ ADB=90°, \therefore ∠ B+∠ BAD=90°$.
$\because △ ABD ≌ △ CFD$,
$\therefore ∠ BAD=∠ FCD$,
$\therefore ∠ B+∠ FCD=90°$,
$\therefore ∠ CEB=180°-(∠ B+∠ FCD)=90°$,
$\therefore CE ⊥ AB$.
1.【教材P31习题3变式】如图14-1-6是两个全等三角形,图中的字母表示三角形的边长,则∠1的度数是(
A.$66°$
B.$60°$
C.$56°$
D.$54°$


图14-1-6
图14-1-7
B
)A.$66°$
B.$60°$
C.$56°$
D.$54°$
图14-1-6
图14-1-7
答案
B 点拨:由题图,可知$∠ 1$与边长为$a,b$的两边的夹角相等,$\therefore ∠ 1=180°-54°-66°=60°$.故选B.
2.在$△ ABC$中,$∠ B=∠ C$,与$△ ABC$全等的三角形有一个角是$100°$,那么在$△ ABC$中与这个$100°$角对应相等的角是(
A.$∠ A$
B.$∠ B$
C.$∠ C$
D.$∠ B$或$∠ C$
A
)A.$∠ A$
B.$∠ B$
C.$∠ C$
D.$∠ B$或$∠ C$
答案
A 点拨:在$△ ABC$中,$\because ∠ B=∠ C$,
$\therefore ∠ B,∠ C$不能等于$100°, \therefore ∠ A=100°$.
故选A.
$\therefore ∠ B,∠ C$不能等于$100°, \therefore ∠ A=100°$.
故选A.
3.如图14-1-7,$△ ABC ≌ △ DEC$,点A和点D是对应顶点,点B和点E是对应顶点,过点A作$AF ⊥ CD$,垂足为F,若$∠ BCE=65°$,则$∠ CAF$的度数为(
A.$30°$
B.$25°$
C.$35°$
D.$65°$
B
)A.$30°$
B.$25°$
C.$35°$
D.$65°$
答案
B 点拨:$\because △ ABC ≌ △ DEC, \therefore ∠ ACB=∠ DCE. ∠ BCE=65°, \therefore ∠ ACD=∠ BCE=65°. \because AF ⊥ CD, \therefore ∠ AFC=90°$,
$\therefore ∠ CAF+∠ ACD=90°, \therefore ∠ CAF=90°-65°=25°$.故选B.
$\therefore ∠ CAF+∠ ACD=90°, \therefore ∠ CAF=90°-65°=25°$.故选B.
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