八、跨学科 历史 阅读理解。
主题群:历史、社会与文化 子主题:跨文化交流 语篇类型:说明文 词数:222 难度:★★★
Xi'an was the Tang Dynasty's capital. It was called Chang'an then. It's said that over one million people lived in the city, and about 50,000 of them were foreigners. Plenty of them came along the Silk Road. They brought their food, goods(货物), art and fashion. People lived a colourful life in the ancient city Chang'an.
Foreign clothes were popular in Chang'an. They had close-fitting sleeves(窄袖) and turndown collars(翻领). Central Asian people wore these kinds of clothes. People in Chang'an liked to wear them too.
In Chang'an, there were many kinds of delicious foods brought by people on the Silk Road. Hubing, a popular street food in the city, was one of them. It was a kind of pancake with sesame seeds(芝麻粒) on it. Travellers on the Silk Road liked to eat it and brought it to Chang'an.
Dancers from Central Asia were big stars in Chang'an. They could whirl(旋转) very fast on a small carpet(地毯). From the emperor to common people, everyone in the city enjoyed the dance. Many musicians from Central Asia liked playing the pipa.
Chang'an showed the prosperity(繁华) of the Tang Dynasty. Through the famous Silk Road starting from Chang'an, the splendid Chinese civilization(文明) went to the world.
1. How many people lived in Chang'an in the Tang Dynasty?
A. 100,000. B. About 200,000.
C. More than 1,000,000. D. About 10,000,000.
2. Who wore the clothes with close-fitting sleeves and turndown collars?
A. Only Central Asian people.
B. Only Central Asian people and Persian people.
C. Only Persian people.
D. Central Asian people and people in Chang'an.
3. The underlined word “splendid” in the last paragraph probably means “”.
A. interesting B. wonderful C. happy D. easy
4. 创新考法 篇章结构 Which of the following shows the structure(结构) of the passage?
A. ①②③④ B. ① C. ① ③ D. ①
\ / | \ | | |
\ / ② ③ ④ ⑤ ② ④ ② ③ ④
\ / \ / \ /
⑤ ⑤ ⑤

1. C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的 It's said that over one million people lived in the city 可知，唐朝时有一百多万人住在长安。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Central Asian people wore these kinds of clothes. People in Chang'an liked to wear them too.”可知，中亚人和长安人都穿这种衣服。
3. B 词义猜测题。根据文中“Chang'an showed the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty. Through the famous Silk Road starting from Chang'an, the splendid Chinese civilization went to the world.”可知，通过丝绸之路，中国文明走向世界，这里 splendid 用来形容中国文明，应该意为“精彩的，了不起的”，与 wonderful 词义相近。
4. D 篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段总述长安丰富多彩的生活；第二、三、四段举例说明丰富生活是什么样的；第五段是作者的总结。故文章是“总—分—总”的结构。
长难句解读
原句: It's said that over one million people lived in the city, and about 50,000 of them were foreigners.
结构剖析:这是一个主从复合句，主要结构为“It's said that...”，that 引导主语从句，是句子真正的主语。
翻译:据说这座城市曾居住着一百多万人，其中大约五万人是外国人。

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，包含细节理解、词义猜测、篇章结构三类题型。解题思路如下：1. 第1题：定位文章第一段关于长安居住人数的句子，匹配对应选项；2. 第2题：定位第二段关于特定款式衣服穿着人群的描述，对比选项得出答案；3. 第3题：结合最后一段语境，分析“splendid”修饰“Chinese civilization”的含义，匹配词义相近的选项；4. 第4题：梳理各段落内容，判断文章整体结构，对应给出的结构选项。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据第一段“It's said that over one million people lived in the city”可知，唐朝长安居住人数超过一百万，对应选项C。
2. 细节理解题：根据第二段“Central Asian people wore these kinds of clothes. People in Chang'an liked to wear them too”可知，中亚人和长安人都穿这种款式的衣服，对应选项D。
3. 词义猜测题：最后一段提到长安展现了唐朝的繁华，通过丝绸之路中国文明走向世界，“splendid”修饰“Chinese civilization”，意为“精彩的、了不起的”，与“wonderful”词义相近，对应选项B。
4. 篇章结构题：文章第一段总述长安生活丰富多彩；第二、三、四段分别从服饰、食物、舞蹈音乐举例说明；第五段总结唐朝文明的繁荣，整体为“总—分—总”结构，对应选项D的结构。
【答案】
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. D
【知识点】
细节理解题、词义猜测题、篇章结构题
【点评】
本题结合历史主题考查英语阅读理解能力，涵盖细节查找、词义推断和篇章结构分析，需要学生精准定位原文信息，理解文章逻辑结构，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6