三、陕西中考改编完形填空15分
高高的树上,矗立着一座小屋。你想拥有梦幻般的树屋吗?让我们一起阅读下文来了解一下刘涛是如何与父亲共同建造树屋的吧!
One morning, when Liu Tao woke up, he had a good idea. He would 1 a tree house! Liu Tao asked his dad, "Is it OK if I build a tree house in the old tree outside the 2?"
"It's not only OK," said Dad. "I'll even 3 you build it."
After breakfast, they went out to the 4 in their garden and began to measure测量. Then they got some boards木板 and started to 5 them with a saw锯子. When the pieces were ready, Liu Tao climbed up in the tree and Dad passed 6 the boards. They fixed the boards to some strong branches树枝.
Some birds were singing around them but they had no time to enjoy the 7 of the birds. Building a tree house was much work 8 lots of things were waiting for Liu Tao and his dad. They worked the whole 9. They even put a roof屋顶 over the tree house so that it could keep 10 in the rain. At last, they finished just before dark.
Early that night, Liu Tao asked his brother if he could borrow a sleeping bag.
"Sure," said the brother. "But can I go with you?"
"Of course, you can," Liu Tao smiled. Then they both ran upstairs to get ready.
()1. A. borrow B. catch C. build D. buy
()2. A. park B. school C. shop D. house
()3. A. make B. hear C. help D. watch
()4. A. tree B. chair C. flower D. gate
()5. A. wash B. cut C. sell D. paint
()6. A. me B. you C. her D. him
()7. A. feelings B. dances C. songs D. colours
()8. A. and B. but C. or D. so
()9. A. morning B. afternoon C. night D. day
()10. A. cold B. dry C. hot D. wet

三、【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了刘涛建造树屋的故事。
1.C [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:他要建造一个树屋!borrow借入;catch抓住;build建造;buy买。根据"a tree house"及下文内容可知,此处指建造树屋。故选C。
2.D [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:刘涛问爸爸:"我如果在房子外面的老树上建造一个树屋可以吗?"park公园;school学校;shop商店;house房子。根据下文中的"in their garden"可知,这棵树在刘涛家里,此处指房子外面的老树。故选D。
3.C [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:我甚至会帮你建造它。make制作;hear听见;help帮助;watch观看。根据下文"When the pieces were ready, Liu Tao climbed up in the tree and Dad passed... the boards."可知,爸爸帮助刘涛建造树屋。故选C。
4.A [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:早餐后,他们走到花园里的那棵树下,开始测量。tree树;chair椅子;flower花;gate大门。根据"and began to measure(测量)"可知,他们要建造树屋,所以此处指他们走到那棵树下,开始测量。故选A。
5.B [解析]考查动词辨析。句意:然后他们拿了一些木板,开始用锯子锯木板。wash洗;cut切割;sell售卖;paint绘画。根据"with a saw(锯子)"可知,他们用锯子切割木板。故选B。
6.D [解析]考查代词辨析。句意:当材料准备好的时候,刘涛爬上树,爸爸把木板递给他。me我;you你,你们;her她;him他。文中的刘涛是男性,此处应用he的宾格him。故选D。
7.C [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:一些鸟儿在他们周围唱歌,但他们没有时间欣赏鸟儿的歌声。feeling感觉;dance舞蹈;song歌曲;colour颜色。根据"Some birds were singing around them..."可知,一些鸟儿在唱歌,但是他们无心欣赏它们的歌声。故选C。
8.A [解析]考查连词辨析。句意:建造一个树屋是一项艰巨的工作,刘涛和他的爸爸有很多事情要做。根据句意可知,前后两分句为顺承关系,应用并列连词and连接。故选A。
9.D [解析]考查名词辨析。句意:他们工作了一整天。morning上午;afternoon下午;night晚上;day天。根据"After breakfast"及"At last, they finished just before dark."可知,他们早餐后便开始工作,天黑前才结束,所以他们工作了一整天。故选D。
10.B [解析]考查形容词辨析。句意:他们甚至在树屋上安装了一个屋顶,这样树屋就可以在雨中保持干燥。cold寒冷的;dry干燥的;hot炎热的;wet湿的。根据"in the rain"可知,给树屋安装屋顶是为了让树屋在雨中保持干燥。故选B。

【分析】
首先通读全文，明确文章主旨为刘涛与父亲共同建造树屋的故事。解题时需结合每个空的上下文语境，分析词汇的词义、词性及逻辑关系，同时关注代词指代、连词逻辑等细节，逐一确定每个空的正确选项。
【解析】
1. 考查动词辨析。根据下文“与父亲共同建造树屋”的内容，此处表达“建造树屋”，build符合语境，故选C。
2. 考查名词辨析。由下文“in their garden”可知，树位于刘涛家的房子外，house符合，故选D。
3. 考查动词辨析。根据下文父亲帮刘涛递木板等内容，可知父亲是“帮助”他建造树屋，help符合，故选C。
4. 考查名词辨析。建造树屋需在树旁测量，故此处指走到花园里的“树”下，tree符合，故选A。
5. 考查动词辨析。用锯子的目的是切割木板，cut符合，故选B。
6. 考查代词辨析。刘涛是男性，此处指代刘涛且作passed的宾语，用宾格him，故选D。
7. 考查名词辨析。鸟儿在唱歌，他们没时间欣赏的是鸟儿的“歌声”，song符合，故选C。
8. 考查连词辨析。前后分句为顺承关系，即“建造树屋是艰巨工作，且有很多事要做”，用and连接，故选A。
9. 考查名词辨析。从早餐后开始工作，到天黑前结束，可知工作了“一整天”，day符合，故选D。
10. 考查形容词辨析。安装屋顶是为了在雨中保持“干燥”，dry符合，故选B。
【答案】
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.A 5.B 6.D 7.C 8.A 9.D 10.B
【知识点】
完形填空词汇辨析、上下文语境理解、代词用法
【点评】
本文为记叙文，围绕建造树屋的故事展开，侧重考查初中英语基础词汇的词义辨析及语境运用，要求学生结合上下文逻辑和词汇含义解题，是中考常见的完形填空题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6

四、阅读理解20分
Homes come in different kinds around the world. Flats are usually part of a building, with many families living there. People in a flat building share the stairs and lifts电梯 to go up and down.
A townhouse has two floors. On the first floor, there is usually a kitchen, a living room and a dining room. The bedrooms are usually on the second floor.
A farmhouse is a house with a large yard on a farm. Many farmers are living there. The fields田地 are usually near the farmhouse, so farmers can easily get to the fields on foot.
A dormitory宿舍 is a large students' bedroom. Four to eight students live in the same dormitory. Each student has their own bed, and they also share a washroom. Students can learn to get along well with与……相处融洽 each other by living in a dormitory.
()1. Many families live in the same .
A. townhouse B. flat building
C. farmhouse D. dormitory
()2. isn't on the first floor in a townhouse.
A. The kitchen B. The living room
C. The dining room D. The bedroom
()3. The farmhouse is the fields.
A. close to B. in front of C. behind D. far from
()4. If you are a student in a dormitory, you can .
A. sleep with other students in the same bed
B. have your own washroom
C. learn how to get along well with other students
D. live in one room by yourself

四、【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上不同种类的房子。
1.B [解析]细节理解题。根据"Flats are usually part of a building, with many families living there."可知,公寓通常是大楼的一部分,许多家庭都住在那里。故选B。
2.D [解析]细节理解题。根据"The bedrooms are usually on the second floor."可知,在联排式住宅中,卧室通常在二楼。故选D。
3.A [解析]细节理解题。根据"The fields(田地) are usually near the farmhouse"可知,田地通常在农舍附近。故选A。
4.C [解析]细节理解题。根据"Students can learn to get along well with(与……相处融洽) each other by living in a dormitory."可知,住在宿舍里,学生们可以学会和睦相处。故选C。

【分析】
这是一篇介绍世界不同类型房屋的英语阅读理解题，题型为细节理解题。解题思路是：先通读文章把握大意，再针对每个题目，根据题干关键词定位原文对应语句，对比选项找出与原文表述一致的答案即可。
【解析】
1. 题干询问“许多家庭住在同一个什么里”，根据原文“Flats are usually part of a building, with many families living there.”可知，公寓楼内有许多家庭，对应选项B，故选B。
2. 题干询问“联排别墅的一楼没有什么”，根据原文“A townhouse has two floors. On the first floor, there is usually a kitchen, a living room and a dining room. The bedrooms are usually on the second floor.”可知，卧室在二楼，不在一楼，对应选项D，故选D。
3. 题干询问“农舍和田地的关系”，根据原文“The fields are usually near the farmhouse”可知，田地靠近农舍，对应选项A，故选A。
4. 题干询问“住在宿舍的学生可以做什么”，根据原文“Students can learn to get along well with each other by living in a dormitory.”可知，学生能学会与他人和睦相处，对应选项C，故选C。
【答案】
1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题
【点评】
本题为基础英语阅读理解题，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息的能力，难度不大，只要仔细阅读原文对应内容即可正确作答。
【难度系数】
0.8