一、阅读理解。
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
In the daytime you can see a great hot ball—the Sun, and at night you can sometimes see another large shining ball—the Moon. On a clear night you can also see some stars in the sky.
Did you ever try to count the stars? On a clear, fine night, when the Moon is not shining, you can see about three thousand stars with your naked eye(肉眼). But you can see only one half of the sky at one time, and there are about another three thousand stars in the other half of the sky. So we may see about six thousand stars with the naked eye. If we use a telescope(望远镜), we shall see much more.
The Moon is a large round object, but it is not so large as Earth. Have you noticed any marks on the surface of the Moon? The dark parts are great plains(平原), and the bright parts are mountains. The Moon looks very bright, but the light is only reflected(被反射的) sunlight. The Moon itself is cold and dark. It looks bright because the Sun is shining on it.
The Sun is a huge ball with a very high temperature. Without the heat from the Sun, everything on Earth would quickly die of cold. The Sun is much bigger than the Earth and the Moon, but the Sun does not look much larger than the Moon. That’s because it is much farther away. It would take us 166 days to get to the Moon by train while it would take us 177 years to get to the Sun.
()1. How many stars can you see in the whole sky on a clear, fine night with the naked eye?
A. About three thousand.
B. About four thousand.
C. About five thousand.
D. About six thousand.
()2. What does the underlined word “It” mean in Paragraph 3?
A. The Sun.
B. Earth.
C. The star.
D. The Moon.
()3. What can we learn about the Moon from the text?
A. It is very hot.
B. It is smaller than Earth.
C. The dark parts are mountains.
D. It is as bright as the Sun.
()4. What is the purpose of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?
A. To tell us we can take a train to the Moon.
B. To show that it’s impossible to reach the Sun.
C. To show us that the Sun is far away from us.
D. To tell us the distance between the Sun and the Moon.
()5. Which of the following shows the structure of the text? (①=Paragraph 1…)

1. D 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，需结合原文内容逐一分析各题目：1题考查细节查找，需定位原文关于肉眼可见星星数量的描述；2题考查代词指代，需结合上下文语境判断“it”的指代对象；3题考查细节理解，需提取原文中月球的特征信息；4题考查句子表达目的，需分析划线句的作用；5题考查文章结构，需梳理各段落的内容逻辑。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题：根据原文第二段最后一句“So we may see about six thousand stars with the naked eye.”可知，晴朗夜晚用肉眼能看到约六千颗星星，故选D。
2. 代词指代题：第三段围绕月球展开，前文提到“The Moon looks very bright, but the light is only reflected sunlight. The Moon itself is cold and dark. It looks bright because the Sun is shining on it.”，此处“It”指代前文的“The Moon”，故选D。
3. 细节理解题：根据第三段第一句“The Moon is a large round object, but it is not so large as Earth.”可知，月球比地球小，B选项正确；A选项与“The Moon itself is cold and dark”不符；C选项与“The dark parts are great plains”不符；D选项与“The Moon looks very bright, but the light is only reflected sunlight”不符，故选B。
4. 句子目的题：最后一段划线句通过对比去月球和太阳的时间，目的是说明太阳距离我们非常遥远，故选C。
5. 文章结构题：文章第一段介绍白天的太阳和夜晚的月亮、星星；第二段说明肉眼和望远镜可见的星星数量；第三段介绍月球的特征；第四段介绍太阳的特征，各段落依次展开，对应选项A的结构，故选A。
【答案】
1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解题、代词指代题
【点评】
本题为天文主题的英语阅读理解，侧重考查学生提取原文信息、分析代词指代、理解文章结构的能力，题目难度适中，多数题目可通过定位原文细节解答。
【难度系数】
0.7