Ⅳ. Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of the words in brackets.
1. The (form) of natural mountains is caused by changes inside the earth.
2. The brave firefighters worked hard to control the (burn) of the old house.
3. The handmade cup is a gentle (remind) of my best friend's kindness.
4. We walked along the street and enjoyed the (love) flowers everywhere.
5. It is very (danger) for children to run fast near busy roads.
6. This museum holds many works that show our traditional (culture) beauty.
7. It would be (fool) to give up your dream easily when you meet small troubles.
8. (lucky), we brought umbrellas with us before the heavy rain started.
9. Many foreign (tour) like to taste delicious local food in this small town.
10. A sudden mild (ill) stopped him from joining our weekend picnic.
11. What's the (deep) of this lake?
12. We measured the (high) of the building.
13. Edison was a famous (invent) in history.
14. The (operate) of this machine is easy to learn.
15. His (discuss) lasted nearly two hours.
16. The (weak) of his body stops him from doing heavy work.
17. I feel (relax) after listening to the (relax) music.
18. The (interest) story keeps the kids (interest) all the time.

1. formation 2. burning 3. reminder 4. lovely 5. dangerous 6. cultural 7. foolish 8. Luckily 9. tourists 10. illness 11. depth 12. height 13. inventor 14. operation 15. discussion 16. weakness 17. relaxed, relaxing 18. interesting, interested

【分析】
本题考查单词的适当形式填空，解题思路为：先分析每个句子的结构，确定空格处所需的词性（名词、形容词、副词等），再结合括号内单词的词形变化规则，转换为正确形式，同时注意单复数、大小写、ed/ing形容词的用法等细节，确保填入的单词符合句子语法和语义要求。
【解析】
1. 空格前有定冠词the，需填名词，form的名词形式为formation，意为“形成”，故填formation。
2. 空格前有定冠词the，需填名词，burn的名词形式为burning，意为“燃烧”，故填burning。
3. 空格前有不定冠词a和形容词gentle，需填名词，remind的名词形式为reminder，意为“提醒物”，故填reminder。
4. 空格后是名词flowers，需填形容词修饰，love的形容词形式为lovely，意为“可爱的”，故填lovely。
5. 空格前有副词very，需填形容词，danger的形容词形式为dangerous，意为“危险的”，故填dangerous。
6. 空格后是名词beauty，需填形容词修饰，culture的形容词形式为cultural，意为“文化的”，故填cultural。
7. 空格前有be动词，需填形容词，fool的形容词形式为foolish，意为“愚蠢的”，故填foolish。
8. 空格在句首，修饰整个句子，需填副词，lucky的副词形式为Luckily，句首大写，故填Luckily。
9. 空格前有形容词foreign，需填名词，many后接可数名词复数，tour对应的“游客”名词为tourist，复数为tourists，故填tourists。
10. 空格前有形容词mild，需填名词，ill的名词形式为illness，意为“疾病”，故填illness。
11. 空格前有定冠词the，需填名词，deep的名词形式为depth，意为“深度”，故填depth。
12. 空格前有定冠词the，需填名词，high的名词形式为height，意为“高度”，故填height。
13. 空格前有不定冠词a和形容词famous，需填指人的名词，invent对应的“发明家”名词为inventor，故填inventor。
14. 空格前有定冠词the，需填名词，operate的名词形式为operation，意为“操作”，故填operation。
15. 空格前有形容词性物主代词his，需填名词，discuss的名词形式为discussion，意为“讨论”，故填discussion。
16. 空格前有定冠词the，需填名词，weak的名词形式为weakness，意为“虚弱”，故填weakness。
17. 第一空修饰人I，用ed形容词relaxed；第二空修饰物music，用ing形容词relaxing，故填relaxed, relaxing。
18. 第一空修饰物story，用ing形容词interesting；第二空修饰人kids，用ed形容词interested，故填interesting, interested。
【答案】
1. formation 2. burning 3. reminder 4. lovely 5. dangerous 6. cultural 7. foolish 8. Luckily 9. tourists 10. illness 11. depth 12. height 13. inventor 14. operation 15. discussion 16. weakness 17. relaxed, relaxing 18. interesting, interested
【知识点】
词性转换，形容词用法，名词用法
【点评】
本题为英语基础题型，考查单词的词性转换及不同词性的用法，需学生掌握常见词形变化规则，根据句子成分确定所需词性，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.6

Ⅴ. Complete the passage with the proper forms of the words in brackets.
1. Throwing plastic everywhere causes to nature. Some chemicals are to animals' health. We should choose 3. materials like cloth bags. This helps protect our Earth! (harm)
2. Please both sides of the paper to save trees. This is a simple but habit. Throwing away things that still have is wasteful. Broken toys might seem , but sometimes we can repair them. Let's learn to waste and do our part to protect the environment. (use)
3. We should use words in conversation because ones can hurt others' feelings. If you speak , others will feel respected and want to communicate with you. However, speaking may break trust and cause problems. (proper)
4. In my morning routine, I jog in the park near my home. But yesterday, something happened: A man got hurt suddenly, but luckily someone took him to hospital in time. (usual)
5. Tom once had the to run fast. A bad accident made him to walk well and become . But training him to be able to do many things again little by little. (able)

1. harm, harmful, harmless 2. use, useful, uses, useless, reuse 3. proper, improper, properly, improperly 4. usual, usually, unusual 5. ability, unable, disabled, enables

【分析】本题为英语单词适当形式填空题，需结合句子语境、词性要求，对括号内单词进行正确变形。解题时需先分析每个空格在句中所作成分（如宾语、表语、定语、状语等），确定所需词性，再结合上下文语义选择对应变形形式。
【解析】1. 第一空：动词cause后需接名词作宾语，故用harm；第二空：be动词后需接形容词作表语，结合语境表“有害的”，故用harmful；第三空：修饰名词materials需用形容词，结合语境表“无害的”，故用harmless。
2. 第一空：祈使句需用动词原形，故用use；第二空：修饰名词habit需用形容词，故用useful；第三空：动词have后需接名词作宾语，use的名词复数形式为uses；第四空：系动词seem后需接形容词，结合语境表“无用的”，故用useless；第五空：learn to do sth结构需用动词原形，结合语境表“重复使用”，故用reuse。
3. 第一空：修饰名词words需用形容词，故用proper；第二空：对应后文“伤害他人感情”，需用proper的反义词improper；第三空：修饰动词speak需用副词，故用properly；第四空：修饰动词speak且表负面含义，故用improperly。
4. 第一空：修饰名词morning routine需用形容词，故用usual；第二空：修饰动词jog需用副词，故用usually；第三空：修饰不定代词something需用形容词，结合语境表“不寻常的”，故用unusual。
5. 第一空：动词have后需接名词作宾语，故用ability；第二空：make sb +形容词结构，结合语境表“不能的”，故用unable；第三空：become后需接形容词，结合语境表“残疾的”，故用disabled；第四空：主语training为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故用enables。
【答案】1. harm, harmful, harmless 2. use, useful, uses, useless, reuse 3. proper, improper, properly, improperly 4. usual, usually, unusual 5. ability, unable, disabled, enables
【知识点】英语词形转换、词性辨析
【点评】本题考查基础英语词形变化，需掌握常见单词的词性变形规则，结合语境判断所需形式，是初中英语核心考点之一，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5