语法提优专题
city ever 1. (host) both the Summer and the Winter Olympics.
The most recent was the 2022 Winter Olympics. There were many exciting moments.
2. (near) the whole world watched the competitions. I watched the freestyle skiing, and like everyone else, I fell in love with those brave and 3. (talent) athletes. I also became a huge fan of the mascot, Bing Dwen Dwen.
And we shall not forget the amazing achievements in the 2008 Summer Olympics. I watched in wonder 4. Usain Bolt smiled his way across the finish line in the 100 metres, setting a new world record. Then I watched the drama of the shooting event. Du Li won her second Olympic gold medal, after the first one in 2004. Both were dramatic come-from-behind 5. (victory).
Both Games showed China's success in its reform and opening-up on the world stage. China's great achievements 6. (gain) worldwide attention. In both events, many volunteers and citizens worked with pride to make sure that people from around the world had a 7. (please) stay.
The purpose 8. the Olympics is to build relationships between people, to celebrate the Olympic spirit, and to bring people together for peace and harmony. This 9. (show) in both the motto of the 2008 Olympics, "One World, One Dream", and the motto of the 2022 Olympics, "Together for a Shared Future". These mottos touch my heart quite deeply, as I'm sure they touch 10. (you).

1. to host
2. Nearly
3. talented
4. as/when
5. victories
6. have gained
7. pleasant
8. of
9. is shown
10. yours

【分析】
本题为语法填空题型，解题思路是先通读全文理解语境，再结合每个空的句子结构、语法规则、词性转换及固定搭配逐一分析：1. 需用不定式作后置定语修饰名词；2. 需副词修饰整个句子；3. 需形容词修饰名词；4. 需连词引导时间状语从句；5. 需名词复数对应主语的复数；6. 需现在完成时体现动作的影响；7. 需形容词修饰名词；8. 需固定介词搭配；9. 需被动语态体现主语的承受动作；10. 需名词性物主代词指代前文的“your heart”。
【解析】
1. 此处用不定式作后置定语，修饰名词city，表“曾经举办过的城市”，故填to host；
2. 需副词修饰“the whole world”，表“几乎”，near的副词形式为nearly，句首大写，故填Nearly；
3. 需形容词修饰名词athletes，talent的形容词为talented，表“有天赋的”，故填talented；
4. 引导时间状语从句，表“当……时”，可用as或when，故填as/when；
5. 主语为Both，对应名词需用复数，victory的复数为victories，故填victories；
6. 语境体现成就对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语achievements为复数，故填have gained；
7. 需形容词修饰名词stay，please的形容词pleasant表“愉快的”，故填pleasant；
8. 固定搭配the purpose of，表“……的目的”，故填of；
9. 主语this与show为被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is shown；
10. 指代“your heart”，用名词性物主代词yours，故填yours。
【答案】
1. to host
2. Nearly
3. talented
4. as/when
5. victories
6. have gained
7. pleasant
8. of
9. is shown
10. yours
【知识点】
动词形式变化、词性转换、介词与连词用法
【点评】
本题为语法提优专题的基础语法填空，覆盖了动词不定式、副词、形容词、时态语态、物主代词等核心考点，需结合语境和语法规则灵活运用，难度适中，适合巩固基础语法知识。
【难度系数】
0.5

1. Neither Tom nor his brothers (like) playing football.
2. Every student and every teacher (have) a new book.
3. Ten thousand dollars (be) enough to buy this car.

1. like
2. has
3. is

【分析】
这三道题考查英语主谓一致的用法，需根据不同的主语结构对应的主谓一致规则解题：
1. neither...nor...连接并列主语时，谓语遵循“就近原则”，与离它最近的主语在数上一致；
2. “every+单数名词+and+every+单数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数；
3. 表示金钱的复数名词作主语时，视为整体，谓语用单数。
【解析】
1. 主语由neither Tom nor his brothers构成，根据就近原则，离谓语近的主语是his brothers（复数），故谓语用like；
2. 主语是“Every student and every teacher”，符合“every+单数名词+and+every+单数名词”结构，谓语用单数has；
3. 主语“Ten thousand dollars”表示金钱，视为整体，谓语用单数is。
【答案】
like；has；is
【知识点】
主谓一致、就近原则、金钱类主语的主谓一致
【点评】
本题围绕初中英语核心考点主谓一致命题，涵盖三类常考的主谓一致情况，需准确记忆不同结构的规则，解题时先判断主语结构再选谓语形式。
【难度系数】
0.3